Objective To elucidate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on advanced glycation end products-induced TGF-?_1,CTGF mRNA expression and oxidative stress in cultured NRK-49F cells.Methods From Jan.to Jul.2005,NRK-49F cells were incubated with serum-free medium with or without 25 mmol/L glucose as control.Cells were incubated with medium containing AGEs-BSA with or without 25 mmol/L glucose for 24 h.Cells were pretreated with EGb(50,100mg?mL -1)for 24 h to evaluate effects of EGb.And then intracellular ROS generation was measured by flowcytometry,expression of TGF-?_1 and CTGF mRNA were performed by a semi-quantitative RT-PCR technique.Results Compared with control,AGEs significantly increased the expression of TGF-?_1 and CTGF mRNA and intercellular ROS generation in NRK-49F cells.Incubation with both AGEs and high glucose(25 mmol/L)can upregulate TGF-?_1 and CTGF mRNA expression and intercellular ROS generation,compared with AGEs and high glucose(25 mmol/L)respectively.Preincubation with EGb attenuated AGEs-induced TGF-?_1 and CTGF mRNA overexpression and intercellular ROS generation.Conclusion Attenuation of AGEs-induced TGF-?_1 and CTGF mRNA overexpression in renal fibroblasts through scavenging of free radical and inhibition of oxidative stress may be one of mechanisms underlying EGb in prevention and therapy of DN.

Objective To investigate the oxidative DNA damage in lymphocyte of MHD patients and the effect of dialysis membrane on it through comet assay.Methods From 2003-05 to 2004-10 we selected 20 CRF patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and divided the patients into HE and PS group randomly.And 7 volunteers were chosen as controls.The patients in each group had undergone hemodialysis for 12 weeks using HE or PS membrane respectively.Then we took venous blood sample and separated lymphocyte.The oxidative DNA damage was measured by comet assay.Results The comet tail length of control group,HE group and PS group was(0.286?0.194)?m,(0.970?0.120)?m and(0.656?0.187)?m respectively.Compared with control group,the comet tail length of MHD patients was significantly longer(P

Yin-Yang1 (YY1),as a ubiquitous nuclear transcription factor with double transcriptional activity in eukaryotic cells,regulates many genes transcription and plays an important role in the cellule biological processes.Overexpression of YY1 is found in several tumor types recently,and may play a role in tumor development and progression by regulating oncogenes,tumor suppressor genes,angiogenesis related factors,as well as apoptosis.YY1 may become a new kind of tumor markers,is conducive to estimate the prognosis of patients with tumor and gain important breakthrough in cancer targeted therapy.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for cardiovascular complications in the elderly persons undergone with dialysis.Methods One hundred and eighteen patients undergone with hemodialysis(HD)or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD)at the Eastern Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai during January 2002 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into four groups based oil their age and mode of dialysis, i.e., 44 patients in the elderly HD group(aged over 60years), 16 patients in the elderly CAPD group(aged over 60), 46 patients in medium-age HD group(aged under 60 years)and 12 patients in the medium-age CAPD group(aged under 60).Routine biochemical parameters were measured for all the patients and their difference was compared among the four groups.Logistic regression analysis was performed for the risk factors of cardiovascular complications.Results Pulse pressure(PP)was(66±21)mm Hg, serum level of triglycerides(TG)was(1.28±0.67)mmol/L, serum level of lipoprotein(a)[LP(a)]was(434±202)mg/L, C-reactive protein was(CRP)(21±15)mg/L, serum phosphorous(P3-)was(2.02±0.77)mmol/L, and product of serum calcium and phosphorous(Ca×P)was(4.3±1.6)mmol2/L2, respectively, in the elderly group with dialysis, all significantly higher than those in the medium-age group with dialysis(t=1.535, 1.016, 2.154, 2.252, 4.676, and 4.534, respectively, P＜0.05).Incidence of cardiovascular events was markedly lower in the CAPD group than that in the HD group(P＜0.05), either in the elderly or medium-aged patients.And, incidence of cardiovascular complications correlated positively with age, PP, LP(a), CRP and Ca×P of the patients with dialysis, but correlated reversely with serum level of albumin(all with P＜0.05).Conclusions There exist a few risk factors for cardiovascular complications in the elderly patients with dialysis, so proper mode of dialysis should be selected for those who need it and adequate intervention should be implemented for them to correct the risk factors.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of large decompressive craniectomy in treatment of severe traumatic brain injury combined with herniation of brain.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to assess the clinical outcome of large decompressive craniectomy for 98 patients with severe traumatic brain injury combined with herniation of brain enrolled from Jan.2007 to Sep.2010.Results According to the Glasgow outcome scale,there were 27 patients ( GOS 5 points) with good recovery,23 ( GOS 4 points) with moderate deficit,28 (GOS 3 points) with severe deficit,6 (GOS 2 points) under persistent vegetative status and 14 (GOS1 points) deaths at the end of 6 month post injury.We observed a good prognosis rate (good recovery and moderate deficit) of 51％ and a poor prognosis of 49％.Conclusion Large decompressive craniectomy can significanty improve the outcome and reduce complications of patients with severe traumatic brain injury combined with herniation of brain.

Objective To study the distribution of Sporothrix in natural environment in Jilin province. Methods Specimens of decayed reed, corn stalks, rotten wood and soil from areas of high incidence rate of sporotricosis (Tongyu county and Nongan county) and low incidence rate (Tumen county) were randomly collected, cultured and subcultured for sporothrix, and the isolates were identified. Results 21 strains of Sporothrix schenckii were isolated and identified. It is the first report that Sporothrix is isolated from corn stalks, rotten wood and soil in our country and is the first report in the world that Sporothrix is isolated from corn stalks. Conclusion The results of study show that there are parasitic Sporothrix schenckii in the reed, corn stalks, rotten wood and soil in the region with high incidence rate of sporotrichosis, and parasitic Sporothrix schenckii in the reed and rotten wood have also been found in the region with low incidence rate. The finding of biological distribution of Sporothrix in the province is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of sporothrichosis.

Objective To establish quality standard for prepared slices of salt-processed psoralea corylifolia.Methods Psoralen and isopsoraten in the crude psoralea corylifolia and its salt-processed products were determined by traditional identification,thin-layer identification and HPLC method.Water,ash,extract,pesticide residue and heavy metals were also detected.Results The average content of total content determination for psoralen and isopsoraten in more than 10 patches of crude and processed samples was not below 0.5% and 0.6% respectively.Conclusion HPLC method is simple and the result is reliable with good repeatability and can be used for the determination of the components in psoralea corylifolia.The quality control standards of the psoralea corylifolia is normative,systematic and the result is accurate.

Objective To establish systematic and integrated quality standard for Citrus medica. Methods To make clear the ancient applicated history and the present situation of the research of Citrus medica. The breed resources citrus medica and its medicinal present situation were investigated, and some chemical constituents from citrus medica were extracted and separated. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed on citrus medica by HPLC methods. Results Changes in the distribution of the two variety resources of citrus medica were discovered, and six components were separated and identificated. The identificated characteristics of the two variety was found in the HPLC fingerprint for the first time. Some methods such as character identification, thin-layer identification, check of water and ash, determination of useful ingredients and the content of extracturm were established to evaluate quality standard for citrus medica. Conclusion The research on quality control standards of the citrus media is systematic and integrated, and these methods are scientific and accurate, which are suggested to the country to adopt.

Objective To investigate the inhibition effect of plasma-mediated small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of monocyte chemotacite protein-1 (MCP-1) gene in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HKC).Methods Three pairs of siRNAs directed human's MCP-1 mRNA 67,116,142 targets were designed and synthesized.Eukaryotic expression vector special for MCP-1,pRNAT-MCP-1-Ⅰ、pRNAT-MCP-1-Ⅱ、pRNAT-MCP-1-Ⅲ were constructed and transfected into HKC by lipofectamine.At 24 hour after transfection,the expression of MCP-1 in the levels of mRNA was detected by Real Time RT-PCR,and the expression of MCP-1 in the levels of protein was detected by Western blot.Results Transfection efficiency of siRNA expression vector was 60%;the expression of MCP-1 in the levels of mRNA and protein of three pairs of plasma-mediated siRNA group were markedly decreased compared with normal control group(P

The method of preparation of a Milk Substitute, formula 5410, and its nutritive value on rats have been reported in previous communications. Further tests of its nutritive effect were made by feeding a group of 100 infants including 4 premature and 10 undernourished. Another group of 43 infants fed with human breast milk or cow's milk were observed during the same period as controls. Among the infants of the two groups there were 6 pairs of twins; one of each pair was fed with the Milk Substitute and the other with human or cow's milk. Great majority of the infants were cared by their own mothers whose cooperation had been secured, while the rest of the infants (10%) were kept in our nursery.The Milk Substitute feeding was started with infants between half and six months of age, with an average age of three months. Observations were continued until they all reached one year old. Fish liver oil and ascorbic acid were supplied to infants of both the experimental and the control groups. Vegetable soup and fruit juice were given to the infants before five months of age. Then various kinds of other foods, including rice porridge, wheat flour nudols, bread, crackers, mashed meat and vegetable and egg yolk were individually supplemented furnishing not more than 1/3 of the total caloric intake, (at the age of one year), as the family income permitted.The appetite of the experimental infants was normal. There was no digestive disturbances and abnormal frequency and appearance of the stool. The average daily caloric intake was similar to those recorded in the literature.The body weight and height of the babies in the experimental group fell well within the normal range. The average initial body weight and height of the infants in the experimental group were somewhat lower than those of the control; however, the height reached .that of the control at the age of 7 months, and the weight at about 11 months. The red blood cell counts and the hemoglobin value of the blood were normal.Values of blood alkaline phosphatase activity higher than 15 Bodansky units were shown in 20 babies of the experimental group (27%) and 8 babies of the control group (23%) at the beginning of the observation; only 4 babies in the experimental group were found abnormal high blood alkaline phosphatase value at the end. At the beginning, 3 cases of rickets and 3 cases of suspected rickets were indicated by the radiograph of the wrist bones of the babies in the experimental group, and only one suspected ricket in the control group were observed; and they all became normal at the end of the experiment. Besides, there were no other signs of any nutritional deficiency among all the infants.