Objective To study tissue tropism of TT virus in experimentally infected Rhesus monkey. Methods Various tissues were collected from 5 experimentally infected monkeys during the viremic period. Total DNA was extracted from tissues of 5 experimentally infected Rhesus monkeys. A dot hybridization was done with virus double DNA strand probe or single antisense strand probe. Results The double strand probe was hybridized with DNA of liver, bone marrow, spleen, stomach, small intestine and colon. The single strand antisense probe was hybridized only with DNA of liver, small intestine and bone marrow of all 5 monkeys, but not with that of other tissues.Conclusions As the viral genome is of negative polarity, the plus stranded fragment identified in our study might be a replicative intermediate, and is only demonstrated in liver, small intestine, and bone marrow by dot blot hybridization with single stranded antisense probe. It suggests that TT virus might be, tropism of liver, small intestine, and bone marrow, and replicate in tissue mentioned.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of the elderly far lateral lumbar disc herniation via Quadrant channel system under the Wiltse approach. Methods Thirty-three elderly patients suffering from far lateral lumbar disc herniation were treated by surgery, among whom 18 patients were treated by Quadrant minimally invasive channel system (Quadrant group), and 13 patients were treated by percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED group). The patients were followed up for 12 months, and the operation time, blood loss and length of incision were investigated. The JOA scores were compared preoperatively and postoperatively. Results The patients in two groups were followed up for 24 months, except 1 patient withdrew in Quadrant group. The incision length and blood loss in PTED group were superior to those in the Quadrant group:2.0-2.5 cm vs. 0.7 cm, (46.50± 15.20) ml vs.(23.87±6.58) ml, P<0.01, but the operation time in PTED group was longer than that in Quadrant group: (77.17 ± 8.71) min vs. (63.20 ±10.87) min, P<0.01.The two groups had achieved good curative effect, while JOA score in PTED group was superior to the Quadrant group 1 week after operation ( P<0.05), but in 3 month and 12 month two groups had no significant difference ( P>0.05). Conclusion Surgical treatment on elderly far lateral lumbar disc herniation via quadrant channel under wiltse approach is an effective method, and can achieve similar effect with PTED.

"Coming from clinical experiences and serving for the clinical application", which is the basic mode of academic development and technological progress of Chinese medicine. Clinical data embodies clinical experience and medical innovation and technology. Clinical data is also an important carrier to spread Chinese medicine and knowledge wealth for the whole country. The author thoroughly discussed the scientific value, necessity and significance of Chinese medicine clinical data in this article.

Due to the importance of molecular mechanisms of drug actions, network pharmacology has become a new perspective on drug mechanism research and novel drug discovery. Drug target prediction using computational methods, is one of the key research topics in network pharmacology. This paper reviewed the related research on drug target prediction methods. Furthermore, general principles of drug target prediction methods and key steps of them in recent years were summarized. Given the diversity of Chinese medicine ingredients, the network controlla-bility of herbs and the lack of high-quality pharmacological data, the network regulation mechanism of Chinese herb research will meet even more difficulties than modern drug research. Therefore, this paper also discussed main is-sues and research trends of Chinese herb target prediction. Finally, combining with the actual consolidated network data of Chinese herbs, chemical structure similarity computation and link prediction methods, the network-based herb target prediction method was proposed to demonstrate key research steps. Furthermore, we discussed the most significant research topics that we should addressed to enhance the high quality results of herb target prediction.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical symptoms, which were main evidences in syndrome differentiation and treatment, were also main data in the clinical individual diagnosis and treatment. However, the absence of high-quality symptom ontology was still obvious in TCM clinical and data using. By analyzing the research and data of clinical phenotype ontologies associated with symptoms, this paper was aimed to introduce and sort the existing ontologies, in order to discuss related problems. Furthermore, we provided ideas and expound the importance of building data network of symptoms, diseases, genes, drugs, chemicals, side effects with the data we collected and disposed around symptoms, in order to construct TCM clinical phenotype ontology. We believed that our work will help the development of individual treatment and precision medicine in TCM. It was also the key of individual big data analysis which was urgent need to promote.

Objective To explore the impact of ischemic stroke on intestinal barrier changes in dogs.Methods Totally 20 mongrel dogs were divided into 2 groups by random number table with 10 in each.Double silicone cylinders measuring 1.1 mm in diameter and 8 mm in length were placed into their internal carotid arteries in all dogs of group A.Group B served as a control group and received sham operation.Light microscopy was performed for morphological measurement of intestinal epithelial cell.Immunohistochemistry was used to analysis the changes of protein zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)localizing at tight junction of intestinal epithelial cells.Results Ischemic stroke was confirmed by cranial CT scanning in all dogs of group A.Compared with the test results in group B,the occludin and Zo-1 protein levels in group A were significantly lower than those in group B(occludin:0.20 ±0.01 vs 0.22 ±0.01,P =0.007; ZO-1:0.20 ±0.01 vs 0.22 ±0.02,P =0.008).The apoptotic index in group A was significantly higher than in group B(29.04 ± 3.79 vs 6.44 ± 1.24,P =0.002).There was a positive correlation between occludin and ZO-1(R =0.71,P =0.02),and the apoptotic index was negatively correlated with levels of occludin,ZO-1(R =-0.91,P =0.00; R =-0.77,P =0.01).Light microscopy showed that the dogs in group A had intestinal mucousal injuries while no obvious change was detected in group B.Conclusions Dogs with ischemic stroke tend to develop intestinal barrier dysfunction,during which the destruction of tight junction plays a key role.The up-regulated apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cell constitutes one of the cellular bases of intestine injury.

Real world clinical diagnosis and treatment activity is a complicated decision-making task. The effective clinical cases of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) of highly experienced physicians play an important role in the routine diagnosis and treatment and the formulation of medical knowledge . Based on TCM electronic medical record data, this paper proposed a decision support prototype system on TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment based on TCM effective clinical cases and case-based reasoning (CBR) algorithm, which is used to assist inexperienced clinicians to make more reliable clinical decisions, and thereafter to improve the clinical curative effectiveness. The system integrates TCM clinical cases data set from a TCM clinical data warehouse, and retrieves the similar cases based on CBR method. In particular, according to the underlying personalized diagnosis and treatment for patients in TCM, this system implemented a flexible diagnosis and treatment modification mechanism based on correlation analysis among symptoms, diagnoses (syndrome or pattern in TCM) and medicine. Finally, through a demonstration of clinical application, we made an initial evaluation of the usefulness and practical effects of the system.

Based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb data of inpatient department and senior famous TCM doctors from many TCM hospitals in China. Existing problems of TCM herb data standardization preprocessing were analyzed in order to explore scientific and reasonable preprocessing program which can provide technical support for the accurate analysis of herbal information. Clinical medicine doctors and herbal pharmacists collaborated and analyzed the real-world TCM herb data collected from multi-regions. In connection with characteristics of TCM, data mining was combined in the analysis of requirement to identify existing problems and explore appropriate problem-solving solutions. The results showed that based on the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (PPRC, 2010 version) and regional herb preparing and dispensing guidelines, the herb collection rules, methods and processes were made for the herb data standardization. Herbal data processing program for different regions were formulated. It was concluded that herb data standardization rules and methods made by this plan solved standardization and accuracy of TCM herb data analysis and utilization in multi-area.

Objective To compare the efficacy of two rapid lipid lowering methods as plasma exchange and insulin in the treatment of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis.Methods The clinical data of 98 patients with hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into plasma exchange group (n =42) and insulin group (n=56) according to rapid lipid lowering method.Results There were no significant differences in the onset-to-treatment time,the proportion of patients with diabetes,the proportion of patients with pregnancy,the initial triglyceride level,Acute Physiology,Age and Chronic Health Evaluation l score and modified CT severity index score score and conditioning-test stimulus interval (CTSI) score between the plasma exchange group and the insulin group (P＞0.05).In addition,there were also no significant differences in the incidences of acute respiratory distress syndrome,acute kidney injury,shock and pancreatic abscess,and the proportion of moderate pancreatitis and severe pancreatitis,oral / jejunum nutrition tolerating start time,hospitalization time and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05).The plasma exchange group had significantly less time to achieve the target triglyceride level and to reach normal free fatty acids level than the insulin group [(13.09±12.50) hvs.(46.92±20.92) h,t=3.291,P=0.001;(15.75±14.13) hvs.(73.21±38.49) h,t =3.291,P=0.001].The pancreatic pseudocyst incidence was significantly lower (7.14％ vs.23.21％,t =2.120,P=0.034),and the hospitalization cost was significantly higher [(81 794.92±33 719.69) yuan vs.(56 042.43±30 565.34) yuan,t =2.034,P =0.042] in the plasma exchange group than in the insulin group.Conclusions Both plasma exchange and insulin can rapidly lower blood lipids.Plasma exchange has certain advantages over insulin in lipid-lowering,for it is faster,and has lower incidence of pancreatic pseudocyst,thus can be applied in patients whose financial conditions permit.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using noninvasive ultrasonic cardiac output monitor USCOM velocity time integral (VTI) as the observation index of PLR.Methods This prospective study recruited 36 septic shock or acute pancreatitis patients from October 2014 to October 2016 in the resuscitation room and EICU of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The change of VTI and plus pressure before and after PLR (⊿VTIplr and ⊿pp),and the change of VTI and stroke volume before and after 500 mL of volume expansion (⊿VTIve and ⊿SV) were recorded.Fluid response positive was defined as stroke volume increase more than 15％ after volume expansion.Results ⊿VTIplr was positively correlated with ⊿SV (Spearman correlation coefficient r=0.888,P＜0.01).The predicting value of⊿VTIve,⊿VTIplr and ⊿PP in fluid response were as follows:the sensitivity of ⊿VTIve in ＞15％ was 94.7％,the specificity was 94.1％,area under the ROC curve was 0.989;the sensitivity of⊿ VTIplr in ＞12％ was 84.2％,the specificity was 88.2％,area under the ROC curve was 0.916;and the sensitivity of⊿ PP in ＞10.5％ was 78.9％,the specificity was 88.2％,the area under the ROC curve was 0.870.Conclusions ⊿ VTIplr measured by USCOM before and after the PLR is a sensitive and specific index.It is better than the classic index ⊿ PP.⊿ VTIplr measured by USCOM is completely noninvasive,which has very good application prospect in the emergency department.