Objective To probe the differential diagnosis value of ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy in portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT). Methods Twenty-two hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein thrombosis(PVT) and 8 hepatocirrhosis patients with PVT were studied by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy and 8 PVT filling portal vein embranchment of 30 PVT were examined by 18G automatic biopsy. The positive rates of aspiration biopsy cytology and histology were calculated and compared with that of automatic biopsy. Results The positive rates of fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology and histology were 93.3%(28/30) and 90.0%(27/30), respectively, and were not different markedly from that of automatic biopsy which was 91.7%(11/12). HCC cells were positive in 17 PVT ( 77.3%) and histology was positive in 18 PVT in aspiration biopsy. In total, twenty tumor thrombi were diagnosed. The other two were diagnosed as benign thrombosis. No HCC cells and/or tissue were observed in 8 hepatocirrhosis with PVT. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy in PVTT has comparable high positive rate and diagnosis value and its positive rate is not different from automatic biopsy apparently. So the cases that are not diagnosed by color Doppler and pulsed Doppler can be diagnosed early by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy.

Objective To investigate the correlation of serum ereatine kinase iseenzyme-MB (CK-MB) and recent cardiac events(30 days, 180 days) and late cardiac events (360 days) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Serum creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB in 168 patients with ACS were measured, and these patients were divided into four groups according to the levels of CK and CK-MB. The occurrence of cardiac events analysis of CK and CK-MB was followed up for 30, 180 and 360 days and the relationship between the occurrence of cardiac events and the levels of CK and CK-MB were studied. Results There was statistical correlation between increased CK-MB and abnormal ECG Q wave, ST segment change (P< 0.05), 168 patients had followed up 30, 180 and 360 days, in which cardiac events happened in 57 common patients (64 examples), 27 examples (16.1%) happened in the recent cardiac event, and 37 examples(22.0%) happened in the late cardiac event. The cardiac event and CK-MB elevation had statistical correlation (P<0.05). Conclusion ACS patients with increased CK-MB levels prompt a poor prognosis, and could be an independent indicator of recent and late cardiac events in patients with ACS.

Objective To establish a mathematical model for describing and predicting the effectiveness of physical therapy on lumbar disc hernation(LDH).Methods Daily comprehensive physical therapy interventions including lumbar traction,mobilization and physical agents were administered to 31 LDH patients for 10 sessions.A visual analogue scale was used to measure the pain intensity before each session.The logistic curve model was used in the regression analysis.The first 2 to 9 pain measurements were involved in different predictive models,and the predictive results were compared among different models.Results In regression analysis,the global R2 was 0.719.In predicting analysis,the more measurements involved in the predictive model,the more effective the prediction.The predictive power was low when the model included less than 4 measurements.the prediction power was high when more than 5 measurements were used in the model.Conclusion The logistic model can describe and predict the effectiveness of multiple physical therapy on LDH patients.

Objective To study the expression of CD4+, CD25+ regulatory T cells and its significance in carcinoma of stomach. Methods Flow cytometry was used to quantify and analyze the results of CD4+, CD25 + regulatory T cells and CD8+ T cells in 76 patients with gastric cancer. Results CD4+, CD25+ regulatory T cells expression in gastric cancer tissue, adjacent tissues and control group are (1.2±0.9) %, (6.4±1.1) % and (4.1±0.8) %. The results have statistical significance (P<0.05). CD8+ T cells markedly de-creased in gastric cancer tissue, while CD4+ , CD25+ regulatory T cells increased. But this manifest did not happen in adjacent tissues.Conclusion CD4+, CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress gastric cancer though inhibiting CD8+ T cells.

Fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1 D) has been identified as a new subtype of idiopathic diabetes.FT1D is characterized by abrupt and complete destruction of pancreatic β cells,with diabetic ketosis or diabetic ketoacidosis occurring within a week after the onset of hyperglycemic symptoms.At the time of initial presentation,plasma glucose level is increased,with near normal HbA1C.Serum pancreatic enzyme is elevated in the majority of patients with FT1D.Flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal symptoms precede disease onset in most of patients.However,the pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear.Factors such as viral infection,autoimmune,and pregnancy based on the background of genes may account for FT1D.We herewith report two cases of FT1 D,and review its clinical features,diagnosis,and treatment.

AIM: To study the effect of Rongban Tongmai Granules on hyperlipidemia and atheriosclerosis in rabbits. METHODS: The model of experimental atherosclerosis was prepared by feeding high cholesterol and lipid diet for weeks.After 4 weeks,hyperlipidemic rabbits were randomly divided into five groups,model group,high,medium and low doses of Rongban Tongmai Granules and Shujiangzhi group,taking medicine for 8 weeks.Their blood lipid levels(TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,VLDL-C and TC/HDL-C) were measured before experiment,after treatment,for 4 weeks and for 8 weeks.After having been treated for 8weeks,lipid levels in aortic tissue and liver tissue were estimated,and pathologic changes in aortic and coronary arteries were also observed. RESULTS: The medicine could decrease TC,TG,LDL-C,VLDL-C and TC/HDL-C in serum,TC in liver tissue,and TC,TG in aorta tissue of atherosclerotic rabbits.It could also reduce aortic atherosclerotic plaque coverage of aortic initial surface,initial thickness,foam cells,and the average score representing the degree of coronary arteries stenosis. CONCLUSION: Rongban Tongmai Granules can lower lipid level in serum and related tissue,and prevent the formation of atherosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the long-term effective rate,retention rate and tolerability of the ketogenic diet (KD) in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsies.Methods Data of 36 children who were treated in Department of Pediatrics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from Nov.2011 to Dec.2013 and had continuous follow-up of at least 12 months after initiation of the KD were analyzed prospectively.Response was defined as 50％ seizure reduction.The effective rate,retention rate, outcome-predictive value of various clinical factors were also assessed.The causes of the patients withdrew from KD and side effects were recorded and analyzed.Results Thirty-six children(29 boys,7 girls; mean age of 2.84 years)were included.The effective rate was 50.0％,52.8％,47.2％ and 41.7％ at the 1,3,6,12 months;the retention rate respectively was 94.4％,91.2％,69.4％ and 52.8％.Seventeen cases withdrew from KD.Seven cases (41.2％)ceased KD becau~ of a lack of compliance,5 patients because of poor outcome,and 2 cases because of repeated infection.None of the age,disease duration,etiology and seizure type could be used as the predictor for the favourable treatment for outcome.The antiepileptic drugs before KD might be predicted the efficacy of the KD.The less amount of the antiepileptic drugs,the more opportunity of the KD might have to succeed.The side effects on the start-up period were drowsiness,week and digestive discomfort,hyperlipoidemia,hypoglycemia and hepatic dysfunction.The side effects on the maintenance period were digestive discomfort,susceptibility to infection,hyperlipoidemia,the deficiency of trace elements.Conclusions The KD is a safe and potentially effective method in treatment of refractory epilepsy patients who do not respond to customary medication therapies.

Objective To study the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)selective inhibitor Celecoxib on the expression of P-glycoprotein(P-gp)in the brain of rats with status epilepficus,in order to assess the therapeutic value of intractable epilepsy.Methods Sixty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group,the epilepsy model group and Celecoxib intervention group.The status epilepticus was induced in rats by injecting Lithium pilocarpine.Forty-eight rats were included in the experiment.There were 16 rats in each of the blank control group,epilepsy model group and Celecoxib intervention group,respectively.Immunohistochemical method and Western blot method were used to detect the expression of P-gp in experimental group in the frontal cortex and hippocampus.Results Immunohistochemistry result showed that the expression of P-gp was significantly higher in epilepsy model group than the blank control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01);The P-gp expression in the Celecoxib intervention group was lower than that in the epilepsy model group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.01).Western blot results suggested that the expression of P-gp could be found both in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in each group.Compared with the blank control group,the P-gp expression was significantly higher than that in the epilepsy model group,and the expression of the P-gp was lower after the Celecoxib intervention than that in the epilepsy model group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib could decrease the expression of P-gp in brain tissue with status epilepticus,which may provide a new method for the treatment of intractable epilepsy.

AIM:To explore the dynamic changes of ET,NO,SOD and MDA in atherosclerosis obliterans(ASO) rabbits,as well as the effects of Tongxinluo Capsule(Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,Hirudo,Scorpio,Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga,etc.)(TXL) and the candidate mechanisms. METHODS: Rabbits were randomly divided into 7 groups: sham,model,TXL(0.8,0.4,0.2 g/kg),Tongsaimai tablet(0.8 g/kg) and Laishike((0.002 g/kg)).The animal model of ASO was established with a combined method of mechanical trauma,immunologic injury and high fat fodder feeding.Rabbits were administrated the drugs for 8 weeks after surgery.The levels of ET,NO,SOD and MDA were determined at the time points below: pre-experiment,pre-drug administration,4 weeks after drug administration,8 weeks after drug administration,12 weeks after drug administration.The histopathological changes in iliofemoral artery were examined after opacification. RESULTS: TXL significantly extenuated the decrease in the caliber of the iliofemoral artery of the injured hind limb and decreased MDA content while increased SOD activity and NO content in serum. CONCLUSION: TXL might show effects on improving endothelial cell dysfunction,clearing free radicals and antagonizing lipid peroxidation,which might be the candidate mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of TXL for ASO.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Eupatorium chinense.Methods The ana-lysis was performed on a Kromasil C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase in a gradient mode.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was 25 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 230 nm.Results The fingerprint of E.chinense with common 13 peaks was established.The relative retention time and the ranges of relative area of the common peaks were determined.Conclusion The established fingerprint could be used for the quality control of E.chinense.