Objective To study the financial inputs into community health School of Medicine and Health Management, TONGJI Medical College of HUAZHONG[service (CHS) institutions by entities of different ownerships, by comparison of their investment, housing and human resources for policy recommendations.Methods Choose 6 cities in the East, Central and West of China through stratified random sampling. Collect data by literature review, in-depth interview, focus group discussion and questionnaire survey. Analyze quantitative data through EPI data 3.02 and SPSS 13.0.Results The institutions owned by the government and hospitals were advantageous in financial investment and housing; institutions under social organizations or individuals were inferior with development supports (P=0.00). Conclusion The community health service principle of government dominance and social involvement should be advocated, with equal opportunities for community service providers of various ownership. Emphasis should be placed on betterment of policies and measures, specific budget subsidy, as well as performance appraisal and service supervision. These measures aim at encouraging non-government providers to play greater role in community health service.

Objective To open pterygopalatine artery using autologous blood clot clogged the middle cerebral artery, resulting in cerebral infarction model of middle cerebral artery in the distal blood supply area.Methods Open PPA, ligation of ECA, embolus through CCA blood flow, rushed into the MCA distal embolus, cause infarction model. According to Bederson rating score the neural function.TTC staining to determine the infarction volume.Results Comparison of two operation models, scores were increased, and white infarcted area appears.There is no significant differences detected by statistical analysis.Conclusion Open PPA manufacturing cerebral infarction model rats of autologous blood clots could shorten the operation time, reduce the mortality rate.

Objective To observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on atony after hemiplegia. Methods40 cases with hemiplegia were divided into 2 groups: treatment group (n=17) accepted hyperbaric oxygen and rehabilitation, while control group (n=23) accepted rehabilitation only. The muscle strength, muscle tone and elderly mobility scale (EMS) were measured before and after treatment. ResultsAfter 20 times of treatment, the muscle strength, muscle tone and scores of EMS improved in both groups (P<0.01), and was more significantly in treatment group than in control group (P<0.05). ConclusionHyperbaric oxygen can facilitate the recovery of muscle strength and muscle tone in hemiplegia patients, and improve their motor function.

Objective To investigate the association between rs2281951 and rs3798753 in ELOVL fatty acid elongase2 (ELOVL2 gene)and the docosahexenoic acid (DHA)level in breast milk,and to clarify the influence of the polymorphisms of ELOVL2 gene in the DHA level of breast milk.Methods 209 healthy maternals were selected and signed the consent form and completed the 3-day 24-hour dietary recall questionaire on one day during the 22nd-the 25th day after partum,and 20 mL breast milk was collected.The DHA level in breast milk was detected with gas chromatography.The milk DNA was extracted and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ELOVL2 gene were detected by Sequenom Mass Array System. UNPHASED 3.012 genetics software was adopted to analyze the quantitative trait of haplotype and the DHA level in breast milk.Results The distribution of genotypic frequencies of rs2281591 and rs3798713 sites in ELOVL2 gene was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05).The dietary fatty acid intakes and the milk DHA levels of maternals carrying different genotypes had no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05 ). The DHA levels in breast milk of maternals carring different rs3798713 (CG)-rs2281591 (AG)haplotypes had no statistically significant difference (χ2 =3.422,df =5,P =0.635).Conclusion Rs3798713 and rs2281951 and constructed haplotypes in ELOVL2 gene are not related to the DHA levels in breast milk.

Objective To observe the influence of oleanolic acid on the ethology of 9-month-old mice,the completeness of synapsis structure and the expression of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) in cortex and hippocampus.Methods Thirty 9-month-old healthy male SMAP8 mice were randomly divided into model group,oleanolic acid group and aricept group,and with 10 rats in each group,while 10 healthy male mice of the same age and species as normal group.Oleanolic acid group and aricept group were given intragastric administration with corresponding drugs,while the normal group and model group were given the same amount of physiological saline.4 weeks later,the ethology changes were observed by Morris water maze and morphology changes of hippocampus neurons were viewed by electron microscope and the expression of CREB was detected by Western Blot.Results (1)Morris water maze results suggested that compared with the normal group,the latency time in the model group mice was longer,which were ((83.33±4.96) s,(75.13±6.01) s,(71.75±7.77) s,(63.40± 8.93) s,(60.97±8.38) s),while compared with the model group,the latency time in the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group was remarkably shorter (P＜ 0.05),which were (75.97± 4.49) s,(64.98± 4.93) s,(64.16± 6.23) s,(53.47±5.99) s,(47.91±7.64) s and (71.30±7.65) s,(63.32±7.57) s,(59.82±4.69) s,(52.28±5.90) s,(46.22±7.27) s respectively.In the spatial probe trial,compared with tbe normal group,the crossing times of the model was less,while compared with the model one,the crossing times of the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group was more(P＜0.05).(2)Compared with the normal group,the number of synapses in the model group was smaller,in which the synaptic cleft was mixed with the front of synapses severely swollen,uninform synaptic vesicles and few clear outlines of mitochondrias.While the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group had clear synapses outlines with the front of synapses slightly swollen,intensive and uniform synaptic vesicles and clear mitochondrias with their cristae not easy to be seen.(3) The Western Blot showed that compared with the normal group,there was a decline in the CREB expression both in the cortex and hippocampus in the model group,while compared with the model group,there was a rise in the oleanolic acid group as well as the aricept group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Oleanolic acid can improve the learning and memorizing of model rats,which is possibly related to the increased expression of CREB protein to protect the synapses structure of model mice.

Objective:To analyze the levels of arachidonic acid (AA)and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)in the breast milk of lactating mothers in Changchun City of Jilin Province, and to explore their influence factors. Methods:The lactating mother’s basic information was collected with questionnaire, and the breast milk of lactating mothers on postpartum 22-25 d was obtained and the 3-day 24-hour dietary recall method was used to investigate the dietary intake information of 514 healthy lactating mothers.The Food Composition Table of China 2009 was used to calculate the intakes of five kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in diet of lactating mothers and the gold key nutrition expert system software for corresponding nutrient analysis was used to calculate the amount of various kinds of foods in the lactating mothers’daily diet.The levels of AA and DHA in breast milk were determined with gas chromatography and the linear regression was used to analyze the related factors of AA and DHA levels in breast milk.Results:①The average concentration of AA in breast milk of 514 lactating mothers was (0.08±0.04)g·100 g-1,and the average concentration of DHA was (0.05±0.04)g·100 g-1. ②The single factor correlation analysis results showed that the oil intake was both positively correlated with AA and DHA levels in milk of lactating mothers (r= 0.360,r=0.354,P<0.001),while the intakes of linoleic acid (LA), alpha linolenic acid (ALA),eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA),DHA,dairy and meats and seafood in diet were both negatively correlated with AA (r= -0.321,r=-0.280,r=-0.255,r=-0.299,r=-0.196 ,r=-0.306,P<0.05)and DHA (r=-0.315,r=-0.279,r=-0.175,r=-0.189,r=-0.248,r=-0.142,P<0.05).③The linear regression analysis results showed regression equation that dairy intake (β=-0.265)and EPA intake (β=-0.144)were both negatively correlated with the level of AA (P=0.009),and dairy intake was also negatively correlated with the level of DHA (β=-0.233,P<0.001).Conclusion:The AA and DHA levels in breast milk of lactating mothers didn’t increase with the increasing of intake of milk or dairy products in the study.Moreover there is a competitive relationship between n-6 and n-3 series polyunsaturated fatty acids in the process of metabolism.

Reduning nasal sprays were prepared from Reduning injection to explore the pharmacokinetics of its nasal administration in rabbits. Healthy rabbits were divided into three groups: blank group, nasal administration group, and intravenous injection group. Plasma samples were pretreated using acetonitrite to precipitate proteins. High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was performed for the detection of chlorogenic acid. The results showed that chlorogenic acid was detected in the plasma samples of nasal administration group with the highest concentration occurring in 2-5 min after administration, which indicated that Reduning nasal sprays could be successfully absorbed from nasal mucosa and could rapidly metabolize in blood. Compared with intravenous injection group, nasal administration group had lower concentration of active ingredients, revealing that the transdermal absorption rate of Reduning nasal sprays requires further improvement.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effective treatment regimen for osteoradionecrosis of temporal bone. METHOD: Twenty-seven patients with massive osteoradionecrosis in temporal bone were included and retrospectively analyzed, in which, 15 cases received surgery and the other 12 cases adopted non-surgical treatment. RESULT: In the surgery group, three cases died one year postoperatively and died of massive hemorrhage due to internal carotid blowout. One case died four years after surgery without clear cause of death, and two cases were lost to follow up. Out of the nine survivors, the follow up period ranged from four months to eight years (one was followed up eight years, one was followed up over four years, four were followed up two-three years, one was followed up over one year, one was followed up nine months, and one was followed up four months, respectively). Patients classified as the type III received best outcome, and patients of type V and IV without invasion of the internal carotid artery received good surgical effects, while patients classified as the type IV with internal carotid artery invasion presented low survival rate. Two cases in the non-surgical group died of internal carotid rupture, and the other ten cases presented with repeated infection and expansion of the osteoradionecrosis lesion. CONCLUSION The new classification criteria is helpful in diagnosis of location of lesions,and can serve as a guide for clinical therapy. Massive osteoradionecrosis in temporal bone responded unfavorably to conservative treatment, compared to that, surgery can effectively control the expansion of the lesion and markedly improve patient quality of life. Long-term follow up is necessary because of the slow development of osteoradionecrosis after surgery.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Osteoradionecrosis ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; pathology

Objective: To search for specific metabolites in the lungs of pneumonia rats fed with a high-calorie diet, as well as explore the changes in the lung metabolites of young rats treated with Yinlai Decoction (YD) and its effects on inflammation-related metabolic pathways.Methods: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and a special high-calorie diet were used to induce Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to simulate the intestinal state of infant pneumonia. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology (LC-MS/MS) was used to detect metabolites in each group. Supervised orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model values were used for the detection results to find the differential metabolites. The metabolic pathways that are involved with the differential metabolites were clarified through enrichment analysis and topological analysis. Finally, the T cell receptor signaling pathway (TCR) signal conversion was analyzed by the network pharmacology method. Results: In the high-calorie diet combined with pneumonia group (M3), a total of 55 metabolites were determined to be different from the normal group (N). A total of 36 metabolites were determined to be different from those in the lung metabolites of the YD treatment group (T1). YD had a regulatory effect on glutathione metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism. And the small molecule metabolites could act on the FYN and lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) target proteins in the TCR signaling pathway, thereby affecting the immune function of the lungs. Conclusion: A high-calorie diet can cause abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in the lungs of young rats, thereby creating chronic lung inflammation in young rats. YD has a beneficial effect when used to treat young rats with LPS-induced pneumonia fed on high-calorie diets. Its mechanisms of action may affect the body's immune pathways by regulating the oxidative stress pathway affected by glutathione metabolism.

Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of sub-healthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,and screen the biometric operational taxonomic units(OTUs)to assist the clinical diagnosis.Methods:We recruited children according to the"GHRS diagnostic scale",collected their oropharyngeal swabs,and sequenced the 16S rDNA V4 region.We described the bacterial structure with alpha-indexes,beta-distances,and relative abundances;moreover,we screened the differential genera/OTUs with Wilcoxon rank-sum test,MetagenomeSeq analysis,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)analysis,in which biometric OTUs were selected to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve to verify the diagnostic value.The bacterial function was predicted with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways according to 16S rDNA gene by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States.Results:The study population was composed of 10 children with GHRS and 10 healthy control children.GHRS children were more likely to overeat(gluttony,P=.033).Alpha-indexes,such as Sobs,abundance-based coverage estimator,Bootstrap,and Qstat,were significantly higher in the GHRS group,while beta-distances did not exhibit any significant intergroup differences.There were 9 differently distributed non-predominant genera between the groups in Wilcoxon rank-sum test,as well as 13 non-predominant genera in MetagenomeSeq analysis and 3 non-predominant OTUs in LEfSe analysis.OTU44 and OTU196 were used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under curve was 0.92.Predicted functions showed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and carbon metabolism were enriched in healthy control samples,while the pathway related to renin secretion was remarkably enriched in GHRS samples.Conclusion:Unique oropharyngeal microbial structure and function were identified in GHRS children.OTU44 and OTU196 were specific OTUs,which could be used as biomarkers of GHRS to assist clinical diagnosis.