In order to determine the causative agents responsible for the lethality of tumor disease in breeders,liver,spleen and other tissues of dead chickens were collected,and pathogen detection,se-quencing and genetic evolution analysis were carried out by PCR.The results showed that all three samples were negative for reticuloendotheliosis virus(REV),samples 1 and 2 wereavian leukosis virus subgroup J(ALV-J)positive,and sample 3 was positive for ALV-J and Marek's disease virus(MDV),which preliminarily determined that the breeder died of ALV-J infection or ALV-J and MDV mixed infection.Among them,the ALV-J gp85 gene had the highest nucleotide homology with the reference strain of ALV-J,ranging from 87.70％to 99.30％,and was in the same branch with the reference strain of subgroup J.Amino acid homology ranged from 78.00％to 96.20％,with some mutations.The nucleotide homology between the MDV meq gene and the vv+strain was the highest,which was 98.00％-99.00％,and they were in the same branch.The homology of amino acids was 95.90％-98.20％,and there were multiple mutation sites,among which the 176th amino acid destroyed the original Pro repeat of the virus MDV meq due to the mutation of Pro to Arg or Ala,which may lead to the enhancement of its virulence.This study will provide a reference for the prevention and control of neoplastic diseases in breeders in this region.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and related factors of cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 612 hypertensive patients with the age of (69.06±6.58) years (median 68.00 years) admitted in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army from October 2022 to April 2024 were enrolled. The demographic and clinical data were collected, the cognition status was assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at admission. The related factors of cognition disorders were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The results showed that female hypertensive patients and those with older age, lower education, higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) and diabetes mellitus, higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and more cardiovascular comorbidities were likely to have cognition disorders (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history, elevated SBP, elevated heart rate, elevated FBG, and elevated LDL-C were independent risk factors for cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients,while higher education level was an independent protective factor (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Smoking, increased SBP, increased heart rate, increased FBG, increased LDL-C and lower education level are independently associated with cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients.

Objective:To explore the intervention effects of the skill training for parents with autism child (STPAC) on toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods:A multicenter non-randomized concurrent controlled study design was conducted. Thirty children with ASD aged 15-30 months, first diagnosed at the Children′s Hospital of Fudan University, the First Hospital of Jilin University, and Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital from 2019 to 2020, were enrolled in the STPAC group. Thirty children with ASD who visited the same hospitals during the same period but refused the STPAC intervention were selected as the control group. The STPAC group received an 8-week intervention (3 h/week) followed by quarterly follow-ups for 1 year, while the control group voluntarily chose community-based routine interventions. The Griffiths development scales-Chinese (GDS-C) was used to assess the developmental levels, and the communication and symbolic behavior scales developmental profile infant-toddler checklist (CSBS-DP-ITC) was completed by the primary caregivers to evaluate social, language and symbolic behavior. The independent samples t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests, etc.was used for inter-group comparison. The paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, etc. was used for inter-group pre-post intervention comparison. Results:The STPAC group included 30 children (22 males and 8 females, aged (23.9±2.2) months), and the control group included 30 children (20 males and 10 females, aged (24.2±2.6) months). Before the intervention, there were no statistically differences in GDS-C development quotient (DQ) and CSBS-DP-ITC scores between groups (all P>0.05). After 1-year intervention, GDS-C DQ in personal-social, hearing-language, hand-eye coordination, performance domains of STPAC group and GDS-C DQ in personal-social, hearing-language domains of control group were all increased (all P<0.01). After 1-year intervention, CSBS-DP-ITC scores of both groups were all improved in socia, language, symbolic behavior, and total scores (all P<0.001). GDS-C DQ changes before and after 1 year of intervention in hearing-language, hand-eye coordination, performance domains of the STPAC group were all higher the those of control group (34(15, 48 vs. 10(-4, 39), 11±20 vs. -1±19, 23±25 vs. 8±22, all P<0.05). CSBS-DP-ITC scores changes before and after 1 year of intervention in social and total scores of the STPAC group were both higher the those of control group (10(5, 30) vs. 3(1, 7), 26±17 vs. 11±8, both P<0.001). Conclusion:Compared with the community routine interventions, the STPAC better improves the language, hand-eye coordination, visual-spatial, social communication, and play skills in ASD toddlers.

In order to determine the causative agents responsible for the lethality of tumor disease in breeders,liver,spleen and other tissues of dead chickens were collected,and pathogen detection,se-quencing and genetic evolution analysis were carried out by PCR.The results showed that all three samples were negative for reticuloendotheliosis virus(REV),samples 1 and 2 wereavian leukosis virus subgroup J(ALV-J)positive,and sample 3 was positive for ALV-J and Marek's disease virus(MDV),which preliminarily determined that the breeder died of ALV-J infection or ALV-J and MDV mixed infection.Among them,the ALV-J gp85 gene had the highest nucleotide homology with the reference strain of ALV-J,ranging from 87.70％to 99.30％,and was in the same branch with the reference strain of subgroup J.Amino acid homology ranged from 78.00％to 96.20％,with some mutations.The nucleotide homology between the MDV meq gene and the vv+strain was the highest,which was 98.00％-99.00％,and they were in the same branch.The homology of amino acids was 95.90％-98.20％,and there were multiple mutation sites,among which the 176th amino acid destroyed the original Pro repeat of the virus MDV meq due to the mutation of Pro to Arg or Ala,which may lead to the enhancement of its virulence.This study will provide a reference for the prevention and control of neoplastic diseases in breeders in this region.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and related factors of cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 612 hypertensive patients with the age of (69.06±6.58) years (median 68.00 years) admitted in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army from October 2022 to April 2024 were enrolled. The demographic and clinical data were collected, the cognition status was assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at admission. The related factors of cognition disorders were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The results showed that female hypertensive patients and those with older age, lower education, higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) and diabetes mellitus, higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and more cardiovascular comorbidities were likely to have cognition disorders (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history, elevated SBP, elevated heart rate, elevated FBG, and elevated LDL-C were independent risk factors for cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients,while higher education level was an independent protective factor (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Smoking, increased SBP, increased heart rate, increased FBG, increased LDL-C and lower education level are independently associated with cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients.

Objective:To explore the intervention effects of the skill training for parents with autism child (STPAC) on toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods:A multicenter non-randomized concurrent controlled study design was conducted. Thirty children with ASD aged 15-30 months, first diagnosed at the Children′s Hospital of Fudan University, the First Hospital of Jilin University, and Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital from 2019 to 2020, were enrolled in the STPAC group. Thirty children with ASD who visited the same hospitals during the same period but refused the STPAC intervention were selected as the control group. The STPAC group received an 8-week intervention (3 h/week) followed by quarterly follow-ups for 1 year, while the control group voluntarily chose community-based routine interventions. The Griffiths development scales-Chinese (GDS-C) was used to assess the developmental levels, and the communication and symbolic behavior scales developmental profile infant-toddler checklist (CSBS-DP-ITC) was completed by the primary caregivers to evaluate social, language and symbolic behavior. The independent samples t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests, etc.was used for inter-group comparison. The paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, etc. was used for inter-group pre-post intervention comparison. Results:The STPAC group included 30 children (22 males and 8 females, aged (23.9±2.2) months), and the control group included 30 children (20 males and 10 females, aged (24.2±2.6) months). Before the intervention, there were no statistically differences in GDS-C development quotient (DQ) and CSBS-DP-ITC scores between groups (all P>0.05). After 1-year intervention, GDS-C DQ in personal-social, hearing-language, hand-eye coordination, performance domains of STPAC group and GDS-C DQ in personal-social, hearing-language domains of control group were all increased (all P<0.01). After 1-year intervention, CSBS-DP-ITC scores of both groups were all improved in socia, language, symbolic behavior, and total scores (all P<0.001). GDS-C DQ changes before and after 1 year of intervention in hearing-language, hand-eye coordination, performance domains of the STPAC group were all higher the those of control group (34(15, 48 vs. 10(-4, 39), 11±20 vs. -1±19, 23±25 vs. 8±22, all P<0.05). CSBS-DP-ITC scores changes before and after 1 year of intervention in social and total scores of the STPAC group were both higher the those of control group (10(5, 30) vs. 3(1, 7), 26±17 vs. 11±8, both P<0.001). Conclusion:Compared with the community routine interventions, the STPAC better improves the language, hand-eye coordination, visual-spatial, social communication, and play skills in ASD toddlers.

Objective To identify factors associated with gastrointestinal heat retention in preschool children,and to provide a foundational understanding for future clinical investigations. Methods A case-control study was performed,which involved children from kindergartens in the Longgang District of Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province,from May to July 2021. Using the Children's Gastrointestinal Heat Retention Diagnostic Self-assessment Scale,subjects were allocated into a case group (children diagnosed with gastrointestinal heat retention) and a control group (children without this condition). An online survey was used to collect data on dietary behaviors,caregivers' feeding behaviors,early antibiotic use,daily routines,and birth conditions. SPSS 27.0 software was used to facilitate precise sociodemographic matching and paired logistic regression analysis to explore the association between gastrointestinal heat retention and the above factors. Results From the analysis of 51,252 matched cases,the study found that several factors contributed to an increased risk of gastrointestinal heat retention. These factors included reduced food intake compared to peers,reports of picky eating by caregivers,distractions during meals,pronounced dietary preferences,disinterest in food,meal durations ≥ 25 min,reluctance to sample new foods,consistent refusal of specific food types for over one month,irregular meal locations,coercive feeding practices,use of micronutrient supplements,allowing children too much freedom in food choice,persuading children to eat,infrequent encouragement to experiment with new foods,early antibiotic introduction,inadequate sleep,and premature birth (P<0.05). In contrast,exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months,engagement in moderate to massive physical activity,and regular napping patterns were associated with a reduced risk of gastrointestinal heat retention (P<0.05). Conclusion The suboptimal dietary habits,improper feeding practices,insufficient physical activity,inadequate sleep,and premature antibiotic exposure may be significant risk factors for gastrointestinal heat retention. Future research dedicated to unraveling the cause of gastrointestinal heat retention should prioritize these elements.

Objective: To uncover the underlying mechanisms of action of the Yinlai decoction on high-calorie diet-induced pneumonia through proteomics analysis. Methods: Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, lung tissue samples from normal and high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice in the GSE16377 dataset were selected as test cohorts to identify differentially expressed genes and conduct bioinformatics analyses. In the animal experiments, mice were randomly divided into the control (N), high-calorie diet pneumonia (M), and Yinlai decoction treatment (Y) groups. Mice in the M group received high-calorie feed and a 0.5 mg/mL lipopolysaccharide solution spray for 30 min for 3 d. The mice in the Y group were intragastrically administered 2 mL/10 g Yinlai decoction twice daily for 3 d. Pathological evaluation of the lung tissue was performed. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the lung tissue were identified using quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. The drug-target relationships between Yinlai decoction and core DEPs in the lung tissue were verified using AutoDock Vina and Molecular Graphics Laboratory (MGL) Tools. DEPs were verified by western blot. Results: GEO data mining showed that an HFD altered oxidative phosphorylation in mouse lung tissue. The Yinlai decoction alleviated pathological damage to lung tissue and pneumonia in mice that were fed a high-calorie diet. A total of 47 DEPs were identified between the Y and M groups. Enrichment analysis revealed their association with energy metabolism pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and oxidative phosphorylation. The protein-protein interaction network revealed that Atp5a1, Pdha1, and Sdha were the target proteins mediating the therapeutic effects of Yinlai decoction. Molecular docking results suggested that the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of Yinlai decoction involves the binding of brassinolide, praeruptorin B, chrysoeriol, and other components in Yinlai decoction to Atp5a1. Conclusion The Yinlai decoction alleviated lung tissue damage and pneumonia in mice that were fed a high-calorie diet by regulating the TCA and oxidative phosphorylation. Our study highlights the importance of a healthy diet for patients with pneumonia and provides a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pneumonia through dietary adjustments.