[Objective]To study the indication and methods of bone grafts used in tibial plateau fracture and compare the character of allograft with autograft.[Method]A retrospective study was done in 105 cases of hospitalized from Jan.2000 to Aug.2004.Seventy-four cases accepted bone graft.These 74 cases were divided into two groups.Patienets in group A accepted autograft (n=40),the patients were 19 to 75 years old,with a mean age of 45.3 years.Among them,there were Schatzker type Ⅱ in 13 cases,type Ⅲ 13 cases,type Ⅳ 5 cases,type Ⅴ 4cases,type Ⅵ 5 cases.Patients in group B accepted allograft(n=34),the patients were 21 to 74 years old,with a mean age of 43.6 years,including Schatzker type Ⅱ in 12 cases,type Ⅲ 11 cases,type PC 3 cases,type Ⅴ 4 cases,type Ⅵ 4 cases,We have straight longitudinal and parapatellar incision,fixed with semiscrewed、L-plate、T-plate.According to the Schatzker classification,we use corresponding methods in bone graft.The two groups with operation time,complication,bone healing period,height lost were compared during the 6～12 months.we use Lysholm evaluation system.[Result]Among all 105 cases,there are 74 cases accepted bone grafted.The patients were followed up 6 months to 4 years,with an average of 27.6 months.Compared with group B,group A has a short operation time,more blood loss,a shorter healing time of suture.There was no significant difference in bone healing period,height loss during the 6～12 months and Lysholm evaluating.Complication of group A was mainly in donor site,11 cases have pain in donor site,1 case has a fracture of ilium.In group B,complication were mainly in recept site,8 cases have wound effusion,3 cases have delayed wound healing.[Conclusion]Bone graft is one of the most important step in treating tibial plateau fracture,mastering its application and methods is crucial to the prognosis.Allograft and autograft have their own characters,allograft is an advertising method.

Objective To estimate the relationship between the parameters used to estimate the depth of anesthesiaMethods Fifty-two ASA I - II patients undergoing choleeystectomy or exploration of eommon bile duet without jaundice were emdled in the study. Premedieation consisted of midazolam 5 mg and atropine 0.5 mg im.30 min before operation. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 4 ug.kg-1 , droperidol 0.08 mg.kg-1 , propofol 2 mg. kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg.kg-1 , and maintained with enflurane and continuous infusion of propofol and intermittent intravenous boluses of vecuronium. The patients were intubated and mechanically ventilated. B1S,HRV and BP were continuously monitored and recorded before induction (T1 ) , 1 min(T2 ) , 3 min(T3 ) after intubation, 1 min before skin incision (T4) , 3 min after skin incision (T5), 1 h after induction (T6), 1 min before extubation (T7) and when the patient was conscious (T8). Blood samples were taken at the same intervals for detenninaton of blood propofol and cortisol level (n = 18) by using radioimmunoasscey and HPL, BIS was maintained at 30 ~ 60 during anesthesia by adjustment of propofol infusion rate. Results There was negative correlation between plasma propofol concentration and BIS/MAP; there was positive correlation between HR and MAP. Plasma cortisol level was positively correlated with BIS, MAP and HR and negatively correlated with plasma propofol concentration. Conclusion The LF and HF can reflect the changes in cardiac sympathetic-vagal tension but cannot reflect the depth of anesthesia. Stress response can be controlled by plasma propofol concentration and estimated by BIS,MAP and HR monitoring.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of Qingjin Desheng Tablets on inhibiting the growth of lung cancer cells and to supply experimental evidences for Chinese herbal medicine preventing and curing lung cancer in clinical application .Methods Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the activity of telomerase and the expression of bcl-2 and bax in human lung adenocarcinoma cells after treated with serum containing Qingjin Desheng Tablets.Results The activity of telomerase was inhibited significantly and the positive rate of bcl-2 protein reduced,and the positive rate of bax2 increased in human lung adenocarcinoma cells after 72 hour-treatment with the serum containing Qingjin Desheng Tablets.Conlusion Qingjin Desheng Tablets exert the anti-tumor action through inhibiting the activity of telomerace and modulating the expression of bcl-2 and bax protein.

Objective To observe the effects of arsenic trioxide(As2O3)on the expressions of TNF-?,Fas and bcl-2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells(LAC)and to explore the mechanism of arsenic trioxide inducing apoptosis.Methods The expressions of TNF-?,Fas and bcl-2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells pretreated by arsenious acid were determined by the double antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA method.Results Compared with the control group,As2O3 showed no effects on the contents of bcl-2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells after 72 hours treatment,but increased the contents of TNF-? and Fas significantly,and the effects in different concentration groups had significant differences.The protein expressions of TNF-? and Fas showed a tendency of concentration-dependent increasing.Conclusions The results suggest that As2O3 induces the apoptosis of LAC cells possibly by up-regulating the expression of TNF-? and Fas.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the expression of caveolin2 and matrix-metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in brain tissues and the blood brain barrier (BBB) after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Three hundred and seventy male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into sham,ischemia-reperfusion,HBO,and I/R + HBO groups. After creating cerebral I/R models,oxygen at 0.25 MPa was administered 5 times,and 2％ Evans blue (EB) was injected into the tail veins 1 h before the rats were sacrificed.The permeability of the BBB,the expression of caveolin-2 and MMP-9,and EB content were determined by Western blotting,immunohistochemistry,and spectrophotometery,respectively. Results In the I/R group,the EB content increased steadily to a peak at 4 hours.EB content in the IR + HBO group was significantly lower than in the I/R group.Caveolin-2 and MMP-9 were significantly augmented by I/R injury at the 24th,48th and 72nd hours.Compared to the I/R group,HBO intervention decreased their expression levels. Conclusion HBO intervention can reverse the increase of caveolin-2 and MMP-9 caused by I/R injury,which suggests a mechanism for protective effects of HBO on the permeability of the BBB in I/R injury.

OBJECTIVE To investigate DNA hypermethylation of human 8-hydroxyguanine glycosy-lase(hOGG1 )gene and and the level of oxidative stress and DNA oxidative damage relations with arse-nic poisoning.METHODS In ende mic coal-pollution-borne arsenism area,Xinren county,Guizhou Province,according to the diagnostic criteria of ende mic arsenism(WS /T21 1 -2001 ),207 people with ende mic arsenism were selected and divided into four groups(The arsenic exposure group:46 cases, mild arsenism group:46 cases,moderate arsenism group:60 cases and severe arsenism group:55 cases).64 residents were selected as controls in a village about 12 km away fro m the ende mic arsenism area.With the informed consent principle,peripheral blood of all respondents was collected in order to analyze DNA methylation.Methylation-specific poly merase chain reaction were respectively performed to analyze hOGG1 Hypermethylation in arsenism respondents.Che mical methods were performed on the activity of super oxide dis mutase (SOD)and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),while the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA)in the blood of patients were measured,and the contents of 8-hydroxy-2′-deox-yguanine(8-OHdG)urine of patients were measured and analysed.On the basis of methylation status are divided into hOGG1 gene methylation group (34 cases)and hOGG1 gene no methylation group (237cases).Analysis was performd on hOGG1 gene DNA methylation and the relationship between oxi-dative stress and arsenic poisoning.RESULTS The positive rates of hypermethylation of hOGG1 were associated with the degree of arsenic poisonin (co mpared with control group,χ2 =23.916,P <0.05, Co mpared with the Ende mic area normal group,χ2 =12.039,P <0.05 ).Co mparing with negative group,SOD〔(85 ±25)kU·L -1 〕,GSH-Px〔(70 ±26)kU·L -1 〕activity and 8-OHdG 〔(22.5 ±6.8)μg·L -1 〕contents were lower〔(1 18 ±41 )kU·L -1 ,(171 ±56)kU·L -1 ,(28.4 ±6.5)μg·L -1 ,P <0.05)〕in positive group.There was no significant difference between the MDA content(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Coal arsenic exposure can cause hOGG1 gene high methylation and oxidation and anti-oxidation system imbalance,causing DNA oxidative damage,it is one of the reasons to pro mote the develop ment of arsenic poisoning occurred.

Objective To explore the surgical technique and clinical effect of combined great toe wraparound flap and second toe tissue flap transfer for subemergency reconstruction of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ thumb defect.Methods From July,2011 to March,2014,12 patients of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ thumb defect were treated by transfering combined great toe wrap-around flap and second toe tissue flap transfer.The second toe tissue flap was carried out to cover donor site defect of the big toe.Results All the 12 transplants survied and were followed up for 6 to 24 months.The reconstructed thumbs had near nomal appearace and good fuction,2-point discrimination ranged from 0.6 cm to 0.8 cm.According to the trial standard of upper limb part of functional assessment of the Hand Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association,among the 12 eases,there were excellent in 9,good in 3.Impact on the donor foot was minor with limited complications.The patients were able to weight-bearing walking after one months of operation.For long-term follow-up,no case had successive ulces,obvious pain and claudication.Conclusion The reconstructed thumbs by great toe wrap-around flap combined with the tissue flap of second toe had near nomal appearace and good fuction.

Objective To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on generation of free radicals and the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(CIR). Methods Three hundred and twenty Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups: a sham operation group, a HBO group, a CIR group, and a HBO + CIR group, with 80 mice in each group. Conscious mice were used to establish the CIR model, and 0.25MPa (ATA) HBO were applied 5 times after operations. The activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-PX and the concentration of MDA, EB in the cerebral hippocampal tissues in each group were measured with colorimetry. The cerebral hippocampal tissues were harvested and processed, then observed and compared with transmission electron microscopic observation. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the activities of antioxidation enzymes (GSH-PX,SOD, CAT) in CIR group decreased significantly (P

Objective To investigate the effect of lipid emulsion on mitochondrial energy metabolism during bupivacaine-induced myocardiotoxicity in rats.Methods H9c2 cells were inoculated in 96-well plates at a density of 1 × 105cells/ml, and were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =18 each) using a random number table: control group (group C) , bupivacaine group (group B) , lipid emulsion group (group LE) , and bupivacaine + lipid emulsion group (group B + LE).The cells were incubated in the normal culture medium in group C.In group LE, the cells were incubated in the culture medium containing 1％ lipid emulsion.In group B, the cells were incubated in the culture medium containing 1 mmol/L bupivacaine.In group B + LE, the cells were incubated in the culture medium containing 1 mmol/L bupivacaine and 1％ lipid emulsion.After 24 h of incubation, the contents of ATP, ADP, and AMP were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and apoptotic rate was calculated by Hoechst33342/ PI staining.Results Compared with group C, the contents of ATP, ADP and AMP were significantly decreased, and apoptotic rate was increased in group B (P＜0.05), and the contents of ATP and ADP in group LE and ATP content in group B + LE were increased, and no significant changes were found in apoptotic rate in LE and B+LE groups (P＞0.05).Compared with group C, the contents of ATP, ADP and AMP were significantly increased, and apoptotic rate was decreased in LE and B+LE groups (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group LE, the contents of ATP, ADP and AMP were significantly decreased (P＜ 0.05), and no significant change was found in apoptotic rate in group B+LE (P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which lipid emulsion reduces bupivacaine-induced myocardiotoxicity may be associated with improved mitochondrial energy metabolism in rats.

AIM: To study effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and cyclosporin A (CsA) on the contents of active oxygens and nitric oxide (NO) in spleens of skin transplanted mice.METHODS: The donor mice BALB/C and receptor mice C 57BL/6 were tested for skin transplantation. The HBO group mice were treated with 99.2% oxygen under 0.25 MPa for 1.5 hours, while CsA group mice were treated with CsA 0.5 mg?kg -1?d by abdomen injection. After 14 days, the spleen were extracted the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and NO synthases (NOS) were determined.RESULTS: (1) Compared with the control group, the transplantation group, HBO group and CsA group have markedly increased the content of MDA and the activities of GSH-PX and CAT; Compared with the transplantation group, the CsA group have markedly increased activity of SOD and reduced activities of GSH-PX and CAT; the HBO group have markedly reduced the activity of GSH-PX and increased the activities of CAT and SOD (P