Objective To determine the usefulness of MR diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in evaluating obstructive jaundice.Methods 25 patients with obstructed dilating bile ducts but without other basic hepatic diseases and 11 normal controls were studied byusing DWI.25 patients were divided into two groups(14 patients with jaundice and 11 patients without jaundice) depending on the serumlevels of total bilirubin.ADCs of liver were measured at workstation,and the mean ADCs were compared among the groups of patients and controlsusing one-way ANOVA.Results When b=500 s/mm~2,the mean ADCs of liver in three groups were significantly different(F=25.29,P0.05) between the ADCs in patients without jaundice and in controls.When b=300 s/mm~2,the mean ADCs of liver in three groups were significantly different(F=12.22,P

Purpose:To evaluate the different concentration of HCPT in rabbit blood and bladder tissue between intraarterial and intravenous penfusion groups.To indentify the probability of using HCPT as a new type of anti-tumor agent delivered by the intra-arterial pesfusion method for the treating of bladder cancer.Materials and methods:Group A:40 white female rabbits were divided into 2 groups(intraarterial and intravenous)and each was subdivided according to the time intervalsof bladder tissue sampling,of 5,15,30,60,120 minites after the drug delivering.Group B:16 white female rabbits equally divieded into 2 groups(intraarterial and intravenous)for dynamic blood sampling by the intervals of 5,15,30,60,120 minitus after the drug delivering.The intra-arterial method using an artifial bilaterial super-select internal iliac artery perfunsion model defined previouysly.The intravenous method was to deliver drugs via earmarginal vena of rabbit.1mg/kg as the concentration of the drug in bladder tissure was measured by reversed-phase HPLC.Results:The concentration of the drug in bladder tissue was significantly different between the intra-arterial and intionenous groups.Drug in the bladder tissue delivered by intra-artial method was 2.17,3.41,1.51,1.52,2.33 times as much as by intra-venous method.While drugs in blood by intra-venous method was 1.92,2.03,1.77, 1.92,1.40 times as much as by intra-arterial method.Conclusion:HCPT is suitable for trans- arterial perfusion for the treating of bladder cancer.

Objective To evaluate the large field diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) (from head vertex to lower leg) in detection of bone metastases from prostate cancer. Methods One hundred and sixty-six consecutive patients who were suspected of prostate cancer received pelvic MRI and large field diffusion weighted imaging examination. Forty-nine of them underwent bone scintigraphy within one month of the examination of large field DWI. The images were double-blindly evaluated without the knowledge of the pathology result. Conventional MR T1 and fat saturation T2 weighted images were taken as standard for the diagnosis of bone metastasis. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve between large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were compared with McNemar test. Five patients with bone metastases exceeding 10 per patient were excluded in the lesion-by-lesion analysis. Results Ten of the 49 patients were diagnosed as bone metastases. The diagnosis of bone metastasis were made in 15 patients by large field DWI and in 17 patients by bone scintigraphy. With patient number as study units (n =49) , the diagnostic sensitivity of bone metastases with large field DWI and bone metastases were both 100% (10/10), and specificity were 87. 2% (34/39) vs. 82. 1% (32/39), respectively. ROC study showed the area under curve (AUC) of large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were 0. 936 vs. 0. 910, respectively. Totally 68 abnormal foci were identified from large field DWI and/or bone scintigraphy in 44 patients (while 5 patients with bone metastases exceeding 10 foci per patient were excluded ), 20 of them were diagnosed as foci of bone metastasis. The diagnosis of bone metastases was made in 23 foci by large field DWI and in 34 by bone seintigraphy. With lesion numbers as study units ( n = 68), the diagnostic sensitivity of large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were both 90. 0% ( 18/20), and specificity were 89.6% (43/48) vs. 66. 7% (32/48) , respectively. ROC study showed the area under curve of large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were 0. 898 vs. 0. 783, respectively. The difference of specificity between large field DWI and bone scintigraphy showed statistical significant difference (P < 0. 01 ). The AUC between large field DWI and bone scintigraphy showed statistical significant difference (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Large field DWI may allow us to screen for bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer, and its diagnostic specificity and accuracy may be higher than that of bone scintigraphy.

Three migrant workers were diagnosed with advanced schistosomiasis in Dongpo District,Meishan City,2005-2009.

Objective To investigate the effects of MRI in the evaluation of the neurovascular bundle(NVB) invasion by prostate cancer. Methods The usefulness of MR was evaluated to make the preoperative determination of NVB invasion in 43 patients underwent radical prostatectomy, by using chi square test for the pared data. And the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the method were also calculated. Results 23 patients were judged to have evidences of NVB invasion on axial MR images: (1) Direct tumor extension posterolaterally, without demonstration of the normal NVB; (2) Focal thicken of the NVB; (3) Lack of normal adipose tissue between the bulged prostate and the NVB on T 1WI or focal lesion of decreased signal intensity on T 2WI approached the NVB. MR diagnosis was approximately corresponded with the pathological result, ? 2 value was 12.44, P

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of MRS acquired by body coil(BODY)and endorectal Coil(ERC)in the detection of prostate cancer.Methods MRI and 3D MRS were performed in 12 patients with prostate disease,in which 6 of them were proved to have prostate cancer and the other 6 noncancerous disease.Both BODY and ERC MRS were performed in 7 patients,and only BODY MRS was performed in the other 5 patients.All MRS data were quantitatively assessed with a per-sextant method.The metabolic ratio of(Choline+Creatine)/Citrate[(Cho+Cre)/Cit]was measured in each ROI.ROC analysis was carried out to assess and to compare the diagnostic value of BODY and ERC MRS in patients with prostate cancer with Wilcoxon test.Results (1)The ratios of(Cho+Cre)/Cit in the prostate cancer group(median 1.744,0.295 to 7.998)was statistically higher than that in the non-prostate cancer group (median 0.412,0.112 to 2.113)acquired by using BODY MRS(Z=-9.159,P＜0.01).(2)The ratios of(Cho+Cre)/Cit in the prostate cancer group(median 1.975,0.479 to 7.998)was statistically higher than that in the lion-prostate cancer group(median 0.400,0.104 to 2.232)acquired by using ERC MRS(Z=-9.200,P＜0.01).(3)The mean ratios of(Cho+Cre)/Cit in the prostate cancer group and in the non-prostate cancer group acquired by using both coils were not of statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).(4)ROC analysis for diagnosing prostate cancer showed no significant difference(P=0.851)between the areas under the curve of BODY and that of ERC MRS(Az=0.93 1 and 0.935 respectively).Conclusion The BODY MRS could provide comparable diagnostic efficacy to ERC MRS in patients with prostate cancer.

Objective To analyze the correlation between the polymorphism of PTPN22 gene (R620W and R263Q sites)and pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)in Chinese Han population and to investigate the environmental factors associated with pulmonary TB. Methods A case-control study was conducted on 235 patients with pulmonary TB and 251 healthy subjects. The single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)of PTPN22 gene at R620W and R263Q sites were detected by the assay of polymerase chain reaction and re-striction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). A questionnaire was designed to gather information about tuberculosis-associated environmental factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were con-ducted. Results Genotype frequencies of PTPN22 R620W(C1858T)SNP were 233(99. 15% ,CC),2 (0. 85% ,CT),0(0% ,TT)in patients with pulmonary TB and 240(95. 62% ,CC),11(4. 38% ,CT), 0(0% ,TT)in healthy subjects. There was a difference with the distribution of PTPN22 C1858T allele be-tween patients with pulmonary TB and healthy subjects[0. 43% vs 2. 19% ,P = 0. 01,odds ratio(OR)=0. 19,95% confidence interval(CI)= 0. 07-0. 35]. Genotype frequencies of PTPN22 R263Q(G788A) were 218(92. 77% ,GG),17(7. 31% ,GA),0(0% ,AA)in patients with pulmonary TB and 248 (98. 71% ,GG),3(1. 29% ,GA),0(0% ,AA)in healthy subjects. The frequencies of G788A allele in patients with pulmonary TB were higher than those in healthy subjects(3. 62% vs 0. 60% ,P﹤0. 01,OR=6. 03,95% CI=2. 12-18. 38). Conclusion The results of this study suggested that the R263Q GG geno-type of PTPN22 gene was associated with the susceptibility to TB in Chinese Han population.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of endocrine for prostate cancer with bone metastases with MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Methods Forty patients with bone metastases from prostate cancer were examined with DWI. Seventeen patients underwent endocrine therapy were recruited as the test group, the other 23 were regarded as the control group. There was no relapse of the metastases according to clinical diagnosis in the test group. DWI sequences were based on steady-state free precession with b value (800 s/mm~2). After identifying the metastasis according to the T1WI and T2WI, ROIs were marked at the metastases, normal muscle, normal bone and bladder on DWI, and the ADC values of the ROIs were calculated respectively. Non-parameter two independent samples test was applicated to compare the ADC values of the metastases between the two groups.Results ADC values of the bone metastases were (1.10±0.50)×10~(-3)mm~2/s in the test group and (1.12±0.30) ×10~-3mm~2/s in the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion MR DWI shows no help in evaluating the therapeutic effect of endocrine for prostate cancer with bone metastases.

Objective To explore if only single-phase enhanced CT can be used for pre-treatment staging of hypopharyngeal and laryngeal carcinoma.Methods The double phase enhanced CT images in 47 cases with hypopharyngeal or alryngeal carcinoma were retrospectively studied.CT number of tumor,vocal cord and sternocleidomastoideus muscle was measured on plain,early-phase,and late-phase enhanced CT scan,and the definition of tumor margins, small-vessel artifacts and mucous artifacts was recorded. The effective radiation dose of patients was calculated for 16DCT and HCT according to dose-length product (DLP).Results There was no significant difference between the density of tumor and the vocal cord on plain CT scan. There were more mucous artifacts and/or small-vessel artifacts in early-phase enhanced CT images. The definition of tumor margin in late-phase enhanced CT image was better than or almost same as that in early-phase enhanced CT image. The effective radiation dose with 16DCT was 1.5 times to that with HCT at the same scanning range. Conclusion Only late-phase enhanced CT imaging is recommended to be performed for the staging of hypopharyngeal or laryngeal carcinoma, and it will reduce the effective radiation dose received by patients.

Objective To investigate CT value in diagnosing hypopharyngeal and laryngeal disease.Methods The clinical data and CT images of 76 patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal tumors and tumor-like lesions were retrospectively reviewed.There were malignant lesions in 66 cases and benign lesions in 10 cases.CT findings in these patients were evaluated and correlated with surgical and pathologic findings.First,we used a CT features were qualitatively analysed using logistic regression model for predicting the lesion to be malignant or benign.Then,two experienced radiologists who were unknown the results of final diagnosis of these patients,retrospectively analyzed all CT images and made their diagnosis.Finally,CT images of 10 benign and 10 randomly selected malignant patients were reviewed by the other two experienced radiologists,who known the component ratio of the cases and unknown the final results.Interobserver agreement of the two reviewers was assessed by calculation of Kappa value for their diagnosis.Results The logistic regression model revealed that the location of lesion and the surrounding structure infiltrated by the tumor were the only significant factors for predicting the malignancy.Of the two factors,the surrounding structure infiltrated by the tumor had the accuracy of 55% with sensitivity 53% and specificity 80%.When most of the cases were malignant(66/76),there was a moderate interobserver agreement for the two radiologists in diagnosis of the diseases.When the malignant and benign cases were equal,there was a poor interobserver agreement(Kappa=0.20) for the two reviewers,and the diagnostic accuracy was slightly higher than the rate by random selection.Conclusion It is difficult to use the CT features in qualifying the hypopharyngeal and laryngeal diseases.