Objective To evaluate the large field diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) (from head vertex to lower leg) in detection of bone metastases from prostate cancer. Methods One hundred and sixty-six consecutive patients who were suspected of prostate cancer received pelvic MRI and large field diffusion weighted imaging examination. Forty-nine of them underwent bone scintigraphy within one month of the examination of large field DWI. The images were double-blindly evaluated without the knowledge of the pathology result. Conventional MR T1 and fat saturation T2 weighted images were taken as standard for the diagnosis of bone metastasis. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve between large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were compared with McNemar test. Five patients with bone metastases exceeding 10 per patient were excluded in the lesion-by-lesion analysis. Results Ten of the 49 patients were diagnosed as bone metastases. The diagnosis of bone metastasis were made in 15 patients by large field DWI and in 17 patients by bone scintigraphy. With patient number as study units (n =49) , the diagnostic sensitivity of bone metastases with large field DWI and bone metastases were both 100% (10/10), and specificity were 87. 2% (34/39) vs. 82. 1% (32/39), respectively. ROC study showed the area under curve (AUC) of large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were 0. 936 vs. 0. 910, respectively. Totally 68 abnormal foci were identified from large field DWI and/or bone scintigraphy in 44 patients (while 5 patients with bone metastases exceeding 10 foci per patient were excluded ), 20 of them were diagnosed as foci of bone metastasis. The diagnosis of bone metastases was made in 23 foci by large field DWI and in 34 by bone seintigraphy. With lesion numbers as study units ( n = 68), the diagnostic sensitivity of large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were both 90. 0% ( 18/20), and specificity were 89.6% (43/48) vs. 66. 7% (32/48) , respectively. ROC study showed the area under curve of large field DWI and bone scintigraphy were 0. 898 vs. 0. 783, respectively. The difference of specificity between large field DWI and bone scintigraphy showed statistical significant difference (P < 0. 01 ). The AUC between large field DWI and bone scintigraphy showed statistical significant difference (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Large field DWI may allow us to screen for bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer, and its diagnostic specificity and accuracy may be higher than that of bone scintigraphy.

Objective To investigate enhanced CT scanning in differentiation of solitary pulmonary nodule and relationship between the degree and pattern of enhancement and vascularity. Methods 11 patients with surgically confirmed pulmonary carcinoma and 13 patients with inflammatory nodules and 6 patients with tuberculoma were studied with plain chest CT sean and enhanced scanning after injection of 100 ml iodinated contrast medium to observe the enhancement degree and pattern of the lesion before the surgery. Vaseularity of specimens of 11 carcinoma and 13 inflammatory nodules and 6 tuberculoma were examined pathologically and correlated with degree of enhancement. Results The pulmonary carcinoma and inflammatory nodules showed a significantly higher degree of enhancement than tuberculoma. But the carcinoma and the inflammation showed no differences in degree and pattern of enhancement. The degree of enhancement was positively correlated with the number of blood vessles. The vascularity of carcinoma and inflammation was far richer than that of tuberculoma. Conclusion The results suggested that the enhanced CT scanning are distinctively different between carcinoma and tuberculoma,whereas little different between carcinoma and inflammation. Vascularity of the lesion plays an important role in the manifestation of enhancement.

Purpose:To evaluate the different concentration of HCPT in rabbit blood and bladder tissue between intraarterial and intravenous penfusion groups.To indentify the probability of using HCPT as a new type of anti-tumor agent delivered by the intra-arterial pesfusion method for the treating of bladder cancer.Materials and methods:Group A:40 white female rabbits were divided into 2 groups(intraarterial and intravenous)and each was subdivided according to the time intervalsof bladder tissue sampling,of 5,15,30,60,120 minites after the drug delivering.Group B:16 white female rabbits equally divieded into 2 groups(intraarterial and intravenous)for dynamic blood sampling by the intervals of 5,15,30,60,120 minitus after the drug delivering.The intra-arterial method using an artifial bilaterial super-select internal iliac artery perfunsion model defined previouysly.The intravenous method was to deliver drugs via earmarginal vena of rabbit.1mg/kg as the concentration of the drug in bladder tissure was measured by reversed-phase HPLC.Results:The concentration of the drug in bladder tissue was significantly different between the intra-arterial and intionenous groups.Drug in the bladder tissue delivered by intra-artial method was 2.17,3.41,1.51,1.52,2.33 times as much as by intra-venous method.While drugs in blood by intra-venous method was 1.92,2.03,1.77, 1.92,1.40 times as much as by intra-arterial method.Conclusion:HCPT is suitable for trans- arterial perfusion for the treating of bladder cancer.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and cortex activation of fMRI in the aged volunteers during the performance of visuospatial tasks. Methods Visuospatial tasks were conducted in 11 normal aged volunteers. The fMRI data was postprocessed using SPM99 to reveal the activated cortex.Results The visuospatial tasks were fulfilled satisfactorily in all aged subjects. Cortex around the left intraparietal sulcus, dorsolateral cortex in the left prefrontal lobe and bilateral occipital lobes showed activation. We found a selective enhancement of fMRI signal in the left superior parietal lobule. Conclusion FMRI tasks are feasible in the aged people and the left superior parietal lobule is the specific in the visuospatial information processing.

Objective To investigate the value of dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiography in detection of small pulmonarynodules.Methods CT scanning,dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiographs and routine digital chest radiographs were obtainedrespectively from 27 consecutive oncology patients with pulmonary metastasis.The image quality of these two kinds of DR by quality control phantom of Kodak was compared. The images of dual-energy digital subtract radiographs and the routine digital radiography were analysedby two radiologists in biblind method and the detecting rate of pulmonary metastasis by both DR was compared based on the results CTscanning. Results The quality of dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiographs is equal to the routine one except the definition. The detectable rate of pulmonary nodules by dual-energy digital subtraction chest radiographs was 91.2%, by the routine DR was 85.0%. There was significant difference (P

Objective To investigate the optimal beam tube potential for amorphous silicon/cesium iodide flat panel digital chest radiography(indirect DR). Methods(1)60 healthy adults were undergone digital posteroanterior(PA) chest radiography at 80,100,150 kV respectively.The images quality of these three were compared by 5 independent observers.Several normal anatomy parts of the chest and the overall impression of the images were evaluated;(2)PA chest exposures of the anthropomorphic chest phantom to produce a constant ESDs(entrance skin doses) and exit dose were made using tube potential at 80,100,120,150 kV.The simulated chest nodules were scored. Results The quality of the adult chest radiography and the manifestation of the simulated chest nodules were superior at the lower tube voltages.The contrast of the images were best at 80 kV,while the appearance of the images look like that of the low potential radiography. Conclusion The optimal tube potential for chest DR is considered to be 80~100 kVp,while the high KV technique is no longer suitable for digital equipment.

Objective To determine the usefulness of MR diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in evaluating obstructive jaundice.Methods 25 patients with obstructed dilating bile ducts but without other basic hepatic diseases and 11 normal controls were studied byusing DWI.25 patients were divided into two groups(14 patients with jaundice and 11 patients without jaundice) depending on the serumlevels of total bilirubin.ADCs of liver were measured at workstation,and the mean ADCs were compared among the groups of patients and controlsusing one-way ANOVA.Results When b=500 s/mm~2,the mean ADCs of liver in three groups were significantly different(F=25.29,P0.05) between the ADCs in patients without jaundice and in controls.When b=300 s/mm~2,the mean ADCs of liver in three groups were significantly different(F=12.22,P

Objective To investigate the effects of MRI in the evaluation of the neurovascular bundle(NVB) invasion by prostate cancer. Methods The usefulness of MR was evaluated to make the preoperative determination of NVB invasion in 43 patients underwent radical prostatectomy, by using chi square test for the pared data. And the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the method were also calculated. Results 23 patients were judged to have evidences of NVB invasion on axial MR images: (1) Direct tumor extension posterolaterally, without demonstration of the normal NVB; (2) Focal thicken of the NVB; (3) Lack of normal adipose tissue between the bulged prostate and the NVB on T 1WI or focal lesion of decreased signal intensity on T 2WI approached the NVB. MR diagnosis was approximately corresponded with the pathological result, ? 2 value was 12.44, P

Objective To investigate the dynamic enhanced CT scanning in differentiation of small lung cancer.Methods 20 patients with pathologically confirmed small lung cancer,and 6 patients with inflammatory nodules,5 patients with tuberculoma were studied with plain chest CT scan and dynamic enhanced (the delay time of scans was 30 s,1,3,5,7 min after injection)before surgery.Then the enhancement degree of the lesions was recorded in different time lag.The time-attenuation curves of different diseases were drawn.Results Tuberculoma showed a significantly lower degree of enhancement than the pulmonary carcinoma and inflammatory nodules,it showed a lower and flat line.The carcinoma and the inflammation showed no differences in degree of enhancement.But the peaks of the tow curves appeared to be different in various time of delay,tumor reached its peak in 1～3 minute after injection of contrast medium which dropped behind the inflammatory.Conclusion The results suggested that from the time-attenuation curve we could make the different diagnosis between small lung lesions.

0.70). The detection rate of 5 mm nodules declined when large pitch was used. Conclusion The detection rates of 10 mm and 5 mm nodules had no difference between low-dose CT and conventional-dose CT. As the pitch augmented, the detection rate for the nodules declined.