Objective The time-dependent changes of COX-1 and COX-2 following the experimental brain contusion were studied for the purpose of extrapolation of the molecular mechanism and timing of brain contusion.Methods Male SD rats were divided into normal control,sham-operated control and contusion groups.The animal model of cerebral contusion was established by impact to the parietal lobe with a free fall weight.The time-dependent changes of COX-1 and COX-2 were detected at 1d,3d,5d,7d,14d post-injury by immunohistochemical SP method.Results In comparison with the control,COX-1 and COX-2 were faintly expressed in the brain of the control groups.Expression of COX-1 was gradually elevated in the cortex of the brain from 1d to 5d after contusion,which was sustained at a high level up to 14d postinjury.Expression of COX-2 was gradually increased in the cortex of the brain from 1d to 3d after injury,which peaked in the hippocampus at 1d after contusion.Conclusion It is suggested that brain contusion may induce the expressions of the COX-1 and COX-2,and the time-dependent changes of COX-1 and COX-2 may be applicable to the wound age estimation of cerebral contusion in forensic practice.

Objective To describe the quality of life of breast cancer patients and explore the risk factors for their quality of life (QOL). Methods QOL of 260 patients with breast cancer were studied using FACT-B, SCL-90, Social Support Rating Scale and multiple linear regression models to study the main factors influencing the QOL of patients with breast cancer on functional scales (physical, social, emotional, role). Results Economic conditions (β =2.024, P =0.003), emotion regulation ability (β =4.993, P =0.000) and self-evaluation of marital quality (β =-3.954, P =0.001) were associated with total QOL scores, emotion regulation ability (β =0.987, P =0.008), the number of emergency incidents (β=-0.866, P =0.011) were associated with physical domain scores, economic conditions (β =1.016, P =0.000), marital status (β =-1.018, P =0.041), emotion regulation ability (β =0.971, P =0.008), self-evaluation of marital quality (β =-1.382, P =0.001) were associated with social and family domain scores, emotion regulation ability (β =1.094, P =0.000), self-evaluation of marital quality (β =-0.892, P =0.006) were associated with emotional domain scores, regional factors(β =1.653, P =0.008), emotion regulation ability (β =0.962, P=0.01), self-evaluation of the QOL (β =-1.705, P =0.000) were associated with function domain scores. Conclusion Guiding the patients to have a correct understanding of the breast cancer, strengthening their confidence of life, increasing physical activity, having a good family environment and necessary social welfare so that improving the QOL of the patients.

Objective To explore the high-risk prognostic factors of patients with cervical cancer Methods To collect the clinical datas and follow-up visit results of patients, 365 cases of cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed. To use Kaplan-Meier methods to calculate survival rate and use the Log-rank test to compare the significant difference between different survival curves. Based on the univarite survival analysis, COX proportional hazards regression model was adopted to analyze the risk prognostic factors.Results The 5-year, 10-year, 15-year and 20-year survival rates were 88 %, 83 %, 81% and 80%,respectively. In univariate survival analysis, there was significant differents between the survival curves of age and clinical stage (x2 = 19.738, P ＜0.01 and x2 = 36.672, P ＜0.01). And the survival rate of the higher age group was higher than the lower age group, the group of lower clinical stage was higher or equal to the group of higher clinical stage. In the COX regressive analysis, clinical stage and age were relevant to the prognosis of cervical cancer (P ＜0.01). Conclusion Age and clinical stage are prognostic factors of cervical cancer. Early diagnosis and treatment is still the main means to lower the rate of death resulted from the cervical cancer.

ObjectiveTo explore the mental health status of patients with breast cancer and social support on their influence. Methods260 cases of patient with breast cancer were investigated by using the questionnaire of demographic characteristics and symptom check list 90(SCL-90)and social support rating scale(SSRS). ResultsBreast cancer patients ' mental health condition was worse than normal healthy people and their mood changes were obviously observed. Breast cancer patients achieved good social support.However, the urban patients with breast cancer got better social support than the rural patients and the difference were statistically significant(t =7.91, P =0.000). SCL-90 total score and its factors such as forced symptoms, sensitive interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostile, terror, paranoid,psychoticism,were negatively related with the social support (r =-0.278,-0.259,-0.165,-0.294,-0.215,-0.177,-0.175,-0.167,-0.219,all P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionThe social support influences breast cancer patients'mental health,therefore,the patients with breast cancer should be given a better social support in order to improve the psychological health level and improve recovery.

Objective To understand the incidence and mortality of malignancies as well as tumor burden of Shouyang County, Shanxi Province in 2012. Methods According to the review methods and the standards from the National Cancer Registry, the data of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Shouyang County in 2012 were collected, collated and statistically analyzed. Results There were 389 new malignancies cases of Shouyang County in 2012, including 210 males and 179 females. The incidence rate was 187.61/100000 (190.00/100000 in males and 184.88/100000 in females). There were 263 death cases , including 164 males and 99 females. The mortality rate was 126.84/100000 (148.38/100000 in males and 102.25/100000 in females). The top 10 incidence of malignancies of the whole county was followed by lung cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal anal cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, gallbladder cancer and uterus cancer, accounting for 86.12 ％ of the overall malignant cancers. The top 10 death malignancies of the whole county was followed by lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, Hodgkin disease, leukemia, colorectal cancer, bone cancer, brain tumor and pancreatic cancer, accounting for 87.45 ％ of the overall malignant cancers. Conclusion Lung cancer ranks first in the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors of Shouyang County, Shanxi Province, and the prevention and control of major tumors should be strengthened.

Objective:To explore the cancer incidence and mortality in registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014.Methods:The data of 12 cancer registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014 were taken to analyze the characteristics of cancer incidence and mortality for patients with different age and gender in different areas. And then the results were compared with the malignant cancer incidence and mortality in the nationwide.Results:There were 11 703 new cases, including 6 559 males and 5 144 females in registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2014, and the incidence rate was 221.21/10 5, while the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population and world population was 163.91/10 5 and 163.25/10 5, respectively. The cancer incidence rate in urban areas was 247.02/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 171.35/10 5. In rural areas, the cancer incidence rate was 205.98/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 159.03/10 5. The common cancer sites were stomach, lung, esophagus, liver and colorectum for males. And breast, cervix, lung, esophagus, stomach were the common cancer sites for females. There were 7 283 malignant death cases, including 4 548 males and 2 735 females. The crude cancer mortality rate was 137.66/10 5, and the age-standardized mortality rate of Chinese population was 99.67/10 5 and world population was 100.11/10 5. The crude cancer mortality rate in urban areas was 141.03/10 5 and the age-standardized incidence rate of Chinese population was 92.84/10 5. In rural areas, the crude cancer mortality rate was 135.68/10 5 and the age-standardized mortality rate of Chinese population was 103.69/10 5. Male common malignant tumor deaths included lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, while lung, stomach, liver, esophagus and cervix were the common cancer death sites for females. Conclusions:The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in registration areas in Shanxi Province are mainly lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer and cervix uteri cancer. The incidence rates of stomach cancer and cervical cancer are high.

Objective:To realize the understanding level of cancer awareness of residents in Shanxi Province, and to provide a scientific basis for cancer prevention and treatment.Methods:In April 2020, 1 897 local residents in Shanxi Province were recruited to fill in the core knowledge questionnaire of cancer prevention and treatment. The basic demographic information and the core knowledge of cancer prevention and control were collected, and the influencing factors for the understanding of the core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression model.Results:In the survey on the awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and control among residents in Shanxi Province, 37 940 items were answered, among which 29 396 items were known, and the awareness rate of the population was 77.48% (29 396/37 940). The single-factor results showed that there were statistically significant differences in awareness rates of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment among the population with different gender, household registration, ethnic groups, education degree, occupation and different frequency of the health examination were statistically significant (all P < 0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in awareness rates of core knowledge among the population with different age, and smokers or non-smokers (all P >0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education degree of junior middle school or above ( OR = 3.412-16.767, 95% CI 1.755-32.476) and receiving physical examination once a year ( OR = 2.291, 95% CI 1.154-4.549) were the favorable factors for knowing the core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. Household location in rural area ( OR = 0.522, 95% CI 0.378-0.722) and non-Han nationality ( OR = 0.369, 95% CI 0.151-0.904) were the unfavorable factors for knowing the core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. Conclusions:The awareness of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment among residents in Shanxi Province is good, so it is necessary to continue to strengthen the publicity of cancer prevention and control and improve the awareness of cancer prevention and control in the future.

Objective Explore differences in the cognitive abilities of socially different Labradors.Methods The dog mentality assessment(DMA)test created by the Swedish Working Dog Association was modified to employ 12 behavioral variables from five subtests of the DMA test,social contact,play Ⅰ,distance-play,ghosts and play Ⅱ,to assess sociability of the dogs.In accordance with the scoring criteria,49 labradors provided by the China Guide Dog Training Centre in Dalian were scored on the social behavioral variables and classified into high(n=15)and low(n=34)sociability groups by cluster analysis.A new system to test canine cognitive ability was developed using the dog cognitive development battery,which tests various domains of cognitive ability such as social cue use,unsolvable task,inhibitory control,cognitive flexibility,working memory,and multistep problem solving task.The dogs'behavioral performance and duration of the test were also recorded.Statistical analysis was performed to determine assess differences in the cognitive abilities of socially diverse dogs.Results Dogs in the high and low social subgroups differed significantly in behavioral variables of the unsolvable task,inhibitory control test,and multistep problem solving task.In the unsolvable task,dogs in the high social group looked at people for significantly longer than dogs in the low social grouping(P=0.008)and looked at people with significantly less latency time than dogs in the low social group(P=0.0001).In the inhibitory control,dogs in the high social group chose significantly more correctly than dogs in the low social group(P=0.034)and chose for significantly less time than dogs in the low social group(P=0.039).In the multistep problem solving task,for dogs in the high social group.successfully completed number of stakes was significantly higher than for dogs in the low social group(P=0.044).The percentage of operation pale time was significantly lower than for dogs in the low social group(P=0.05).The average latency time to solve the bone task was significantly higher than for dogs in the low social group(P=0.037).Moreover,the percentage of operation bone time was significantly lower than for dogs in the low social group(P=0.038).In tests involving a manipulable apparatus,dogs in the high social group spent more time looking at people than dogs in the low social group and less time manipulating the apparatus than dogs in the low subgroup,but no statistically significant differences were observed(P＞0.05).Conclusions Highly sociable labradors have a greater cognitive ability,they are more able to suppress impulses during tests,more able to complete the multistep problem solving task,and more inclined to change strategies to seek new cues from people rather than obsessing over manipulating the apparatus when they are unable to solve a problem.

Objective:To investigate the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in the cancer registration areas of Shanxi Province in 2017.Methods:The cancer registration data reported by 12 tumor registration areas of Shanxi in 2017 were sorted out and stratified by urban and rural areas and gender. The number of incidence and death ,the crude incidence and mortality, the cumulative rate (0-74 years), age-specific incidence and mortality, Chinese population standardized rate and world population standardized rate were calculated. The incidence and mortality were standardized by the 2000 China census standard population composition and Segi's world standard population composition.Results:In 2017, there were 2 275 new cases and 1 736 deaths of lung cancer in the tumor registration area of Shanxi Province. The crude incidence rate of lung cancer was 46.72/100 000 (male 63.99/100 000, female 28.80/100 000, urban area 58.05/100 000, rural area 39.09/100 000), Chinese population standardized rate was 31.67/100 000, the world population standardized rate was 32.10/100 000, and the cumulative rate (0-74 years) was 3.87/100 000. The crude mortality rate was 35.65/100,000 (male 49.84/100,000, female 20.93/100,000, urban area 44.53/100,000, rural area 29.67/100 000), Chinese population standardized rate was 23.82/100 000, the world population standardized rate was 24.14/100 000, and the cumulative rate (0-74 years) was 2.69/100,000. Overall, the age-specific incidence and mortality of lung cancer in 2017 were at a low level in 0-44 years age group, and increased rapidly after 45 years age group, and reached a peak in 85 years age group. The incidence and mortality of lung cancer in males were higher than that in females. Although there were some differences in the incidence and mortality of patients with different ago range in urban and rural areas, the overall trend was similar.Conclusions:Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor threatening the health of residents in Shanxi Province. Male, urban areas and middle-aged and elderly population are the focus of cancer prevention and control in Shanxi Province. Lung cancer prevention and control should be targeted carried out according to the differences between urban and rural areas and gender.