Objective To study the prevalence and associated factors of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Methods A cross-section study was performed.A total of 639 eligible participants undergoing CAPD treatment more than three months in our peritoneal dialysis center from July 2011 to January 2012 were recruited in the study.All the patients were divided into SHPT group and non-SHPT group according to the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level,and the associated factors of SHPT were investigated through Logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of SHPT was 46.95％ (300/639).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower hemoglobin,hypocalcemia,hyperphosphatemia,higher alkaline phosphatase,higher Scr,higher nPCR and low calcium dialysate were independent influencing factors of SHPT.Conclusions The prevalence of SHPT is quite high in CAPD patients.Abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism,renal anemia,high protein diet and low calium dialysate may affect the SHPT.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors and the drug-resistance of nosocomial acquired lung infection by Chryseobacterium meningosepticum.METHODS A retrospective investigation of the clinical correlative data and the drug sensitivity results of 60 cases with nosocomial acquired lung infection by C.meningosepticum from Jan 2004 to Jan 2006 was conducted in local hospital.RESULTS The patients were mainly distributed at ICU,respiration and neurosurgery wards.They had severe underlying diseases(100.0%),tracheal intubation(56.7%),central venous catheter(25.0%) and urine catheter(16.7%) treatments and applications of more than three antibiotics(68.3%).The drug-resistance of C.meningosepticum was serious.The antibiotic drugs which had higher susceptibility ratio were cefoperazone/sulbactam,fluoroquinolones,et al.CONCLUSIONS The main risk factors of nosocomial acquired lung infection by C.meningosepticum are severe underlying diseases,various invasive treatments,long-term hospitalization and inappropriate use of broad spectrum antibiotics.Clinical isolates are multi-drug resistant to many kinds of antibiotics.

AIM: To investigate the expression and functional role of p38MAPK in the kidney after unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats. METHODS: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) models were induced by ligating the left ureter. Rats were sacrificed at 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after UUO was initiated. p38MAPK activity was assayed by immunohistochemical staining and specific substrate phosphorylation with immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. TGF? mRNA and protein expression were analyzed with in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical stainning. RESULTS: A basic p38MAPK activity was detectable in the normal kidney(0.22?0.06). p38MAPK pathway was rapidly activated at 1 hour(0.45?0.14 vs control, P

AIM: To find new gene function associate with active lupus nephritis (LN) through study on the difference in gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells between LN patients and healthy controls by gene chip. METHODS: The CSC-GE-80 chip containing 8 000 spots of cDNAs were used to investigate the difference of the expression. Both the total RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of active LN patients and healthy donors were reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of fluorescent( cy3 and cy5) labeled dCTP to prepare the hybridization probes. After hybridization, the gene chip was scanned for the fluorescent intensity. The differentially expressed genes were screened. We repeated that in three groups of LN patients and healthy controls, respectively, and only the genes that have differential expression in all three chips were considered associated with LN. RESULTS: 75 genes were identified to be differently expressed in all three groups of LN patients as compared with healthy controls, including 42 up-regulated genes and 33 down-regulated ones. CONCLUSION: The present study represents a global view of gene expression of LN and provides important clues for further study of LN related genes. And it also suggests defensin ? 1, S100A8, S100A9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of LN.

Objective To observe the effects of sevoflurane pretreatment on lung metastasis of mouse Lewis lung cancer (LLC)cells.Methods Mouse LLC cells were inoculated in culture plate. After being cultured for 24 h the cells were randomly divided into four groups:group control (CC), group 1% sevoflurane (SC1),group 2% sevoflurane (SC2),and group 3% sevoflurane (SC3).Cells of group SC1-3 were exposed to 1%,2%,3% sevoflurane for 4 h respectively,cells of group CC were exposed to 95%O 2-5%CO 2 mixture air,and were then cultured for another 24 h.The invasive activity of cells was determined by Transwell assay.The migration of cells was evaluated by wound scratch assay.The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cells were detected by ELISA.Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (n = 8):group control (CM),group 1% sevoflurane (SM1),group 2% sevoflurane (SM2),and group 3% sevoflurane (SM3).LLC cells of group SC1-3 were injected into caudal vein of mouse in group SM1-3 respectively.Cells of group CC were injected into mouse of group CM.Lung metastasis inhibitory rates were evaluated after 3 weeks. Results Compared with group CC,the invasive activity and migration of cells in group SC1-3 were decreased significantly,group SC1 >group SC2 >group SC3 (P <0.05 );the protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was significantly down-regulated with sevoflurane concentration increased,group SC1 >group SC2>group SC3 (P <0.05).Compared with group CM,lung metastasis inhibitory rates of group SM1-3 were increased significantly,group SM1 < group SM2 < group SM3 (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Sevoflurane can inhibit the lung metastasis of mouse LLC cells,which maybe through down-regulating the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in mouse LLC cells.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the lexical tone perception and quality of life of Nurotron cochlear implant users. METHOD: Forty-nine adult cochlear implant users participated in this study. Mandarin tone identification test developed by Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology was used to evaluate the tone perception. Nijmegen cochlear im plantation questionnaire (NCIQ) was administered to quantify the quality of life. RESULT: (1) The average scores of tone perception in quiet was 67.26%. The tone perception rates under quiet condition for all cochlear implant recipients were higher than the opportunity level. (2) The average scores of tone perception under noisy condition was 51.92%. Exc ept for two recipients, the tone perception rates under noise condition for the rest recipients were better than chance. (3) The confusion patterns of tone recognition showed that Tone 3 was the easiest tone to perceive. (4) The postimplant scores for the total , basic sound perception, advanced sound perception, speech pro duction, self-esteem, activity and social interactions of NCIQ were 55.4, 72.4, 54.0, 63.4, 50.7, 47.3 and 44.7, respectively. CONCLUSION The Nurotron cochlear implant users had the ability for lexical tone perception and had an improvement in quality of life after cochlear implantation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Speech Perception ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38(p38 MAPK)on CD3/CD28-stimulated T-cell proliferation and IL-2 expression which were enhanced by shockwaves.Methods Jurkat T cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)were pretreated with the p38 MAPK-inhibitor(SB203580)(The Jurkat T cells or PBMC of the control groups were not pretreated with SB203580),then treated with shockwaves,and stimulated respectively with a suboptimal dose of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies or PHA.Finally the IL-2 productions of Jurkat T cells or the proliferation of PBMC were respectively measured.The protein tyrosine phosphorylation of p38 MAPKin Jurkat T cells treated either with shockwaves or not was measured by Western blotting with anti-phosphotyrine antibodies(Thr180/Tyr182).The expressoins of p38 MAPK in Jurkat T cells treated either with shockwaves or not were determined by Western blotting with anti-p38 MAPK antibodies.Results Compared with negative control group without shockwave treatment,the 3H-TdR incorporation of the phytohemagglutinin-stimulated PBMC,which were treated with low dose shockwaves(LDSWs)of 100,150,200,250,300,330 impulses at(0.180?0.015)mJ?mm2,increased significantly(P

AIM: To investigate the impact of scavenger receptor class A type Ⅰ/Ⅱ (SR-A Ⅰ/Ⅱ) on the lipid metabolism in SR-A Ⅰ/Ⅱ gene deficient mice. METHODS: A probe of 660 bp fragment of SR-A Ⅰ/Ⅱ cDNA digested with PstⅠ and XhoⅠ from plasmid 122 was used to identify whether SR-A Ⅰ/Ⅱ had been knocked out in the tail DNA of the mutant (SR-/-) and control (SR+/+) mice by the method of Southern-blot analysis. The serum levels of triglycerides(TG), cholesterol(CH), low density lipoprotein(LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein (Apo) A and ApoB of the mice fed with normal food and higher lipid food respectively were tested by biochemical method. RESULTS: The serum levels of LDL and body weights of group with SR-A Ⅰ/Ⅱ gene knocked out were higher than that of control group ( P

ObjectiveTo discuss application effects and student role of the self-service teaching model in biochemistry theory teaching.MethodsThe clinical students of Grade 2008 were divided into the experimental group ( 190 person ) and the control group ( 181 person ) at random.The traditional teaching model was used in the control group and self-service teaching model was adopted in the experimental group.The teaching effect was compared by the questionnaire and terminal examinations.Results The experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in average scores.Students were satisfied with the teaching effect.ConclusionThe self-service teaching method is superior compared with the traditional teaching,and the self-service teaching model can improve the teaching quality of biochemistry.

Objective To investigate the effects of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) on the complications and outcomes after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 402 renal transplant recipients maintained on dialysis for more than 3 months were retrospectively studied and divided into 2 groups: HD group(n=303)and PD group(n=99). Among them, 345 recipients were followed up for an average of (30.2±15.2) months. The impact of HD and PD on the acute rejection, delayed graft function (DGF), infection, chronic rejection and the graft and patient survival rates were analyzed. Results The mean dialysis duration was significantly longer in PD group and the hepatitis B infection rate was significantly higher in HD group. There were no signiticant differences between the HD and PD groups in regarding to primary disease for end-stage renal disease, age, gender, blood pressure, hemoglobin, HLA match, hot and cold ischemia time, and hepatitis C vires infection. The incidence of DGF, acute and chronic rejection, and cytomegalovirus and other infections between HD and PD groups were not significantly different. However, the graft loss happened more frequently in hepatatis B patients than that in non hepatitis B patients (19.23% vs 8.86%, P=0.021), and the post-transplant infection ocurred less in non hepatits B patients with PD. The acute rejection episodes were higher in HD patients who received pretransplant dialysis for more than 12 months (P<0.05). The overall recipients survival rates of HD and PD groups were similar (1-year: HD 94.34%, PD 91.25%;5-year: HD 92.83%, PD 90%), and the same as the graft survival rates in HD and PD groups (1-year: HD 93.21%, PD 96.25%;5-year: HD 87.17%, PD 91.25%). Conclusions The influences of PD and HD on the complications after renal transplantaton, 1-year and S-year recipients and graft survival rates are similar, so both HD and PD can be chosen as the pretransplant dialysis modality. As the incidence of acute rejection increases with time in HD, it is better to shorten the time of pretransplant dialysis to decrease the complication.