Adolescent ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography ; Heart Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Rhabdomyoma ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Risk Factors ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; epidemiology

Objective To explore the cognitive changes of patients with MCI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MOCA) for elderly preliminarily.Methods 85 normal controls (NC),117 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 73 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were assessed with the MOCA.Results There were significant differences among the three groups in all items of MOCA(F=258.66,P＜0.01).Significant differences were observed in almost all the sub-tests between MCI group and NC group or MCI group and AD group(visuopatial F=54.86,P＜0.01;naming F=17.30,P＜0.01;attention F=82.50,P＜0.01;language F=25,88,P＜0.01;abstraction F=15.00 ,P＜0.01;delayed recall F=130.49,P＜0.01;orientation F=176.09,P＜0.01.).The most significant differences were found in delayed recall and orientation among three groups(F=176.09,P＜0.01;F=130.49,P＜0.01.).At 26 cut-point,The results of screening of the MOCA agree with the gold standard of clinical diagnose for the patient with MCI.The agreement rate for observation was 0.93.The agreement rate by chance was 0.61.The Kappa was 0.85.Conclusions The MOCA appropriately define MCI,NC and AD in their cognitive function,it has good discriminant validity.The test of delayed recall and orientation may be more sensitive in the detection of the older people.The MOCA is a useful screening instrument for the patient with MCI.

Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of AKT(the Apnea Knowledge Test).Methods The AKT was tested in a sample of 91 middle aged and elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome and the AKT was retested in 30 of them after 1 month.Results Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was 0.76.Retest correlation coefficient was 0.96.There was significant difference between test and retest.Item analysis indicated that there was significant difference in most items between higher scores group and lower one except the fourth item.Conclusions AKT has satisfying reliability and validity which is suitable for evaluation of sleep apnea knowledge.

To improve the vocational nursing students' interest in learning physiology,‘four modernizations' teaching method was preliminarily explored in physiology teaching practice.‘Four modernizations' referred to the teaching by using multimedia.Using this method,we can simplify complex issues,inspire students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge,combine with real life,make abstract problem specific,mobilize students' initiative,contact with clinical practice,visualize theoretical issues,strengthen the importance and understanding and make moderate expansion so that professional skills and practicality of nursing can be emphasized.

OBJECTIVE:To introduce the experience of application and report for accreditation of drug clinical trial institution qualification of our hospital,to provide a reference for other hospitals. METHODS:From the building of institution,drug clinical trial ethics committee,clinical trials of listed drugs,simulated qualification accreditation,and other aspects,the experience and key points of application and report for accreditation of drug clinical trial qualification of our hospital were summed up. RESULTS& CONCLUSIONS:Priority should be given to staffing(particularly the leaders of the institution),the installation of software and hardware (for system development,training,institution office and specialized department),and the building of ethics committee. Departments should share work experience of clinical trials of listed drugs and set up a self-inspection group to simulate qualifica-tion accreditation. Work procedures and methods of qualification accreditation should be clearly understood,the requirements of Good Clinical Practice,the standards for qualification accreditation,should be known well;Good Clinical Practice should be seri-ously implemented and the subjects’rights and interests should be protected,which will contribute to the successful completion of application and report for qualification accreditation.

Objective To explore the application effect of laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer in elderly patients.Methods 220 patients with colorectal cancer were selected and divided into the study group and the control group,ll0 cases in each group.The patients of the control group were treated with abdominal surgery.The patients of the study group were given laparoscopic surgery.The operative time,blood loss,anal exhaust time,postoperative hospital stay,and postoperative complications,pull tube time of the two groups were compared.Results The operative time of the study group was (245.4 ± 23.2) min,which was significantly longer than (214.8 ± 25.1) min of the control group(t =8.759,P =0.026) ; The blood loss,anal exhaust time,postoperative hospital stay,time to pull the tube of the study group were (175.3 ± 18.4)mL,(2.1 ±0.5)d,(13.2 ±0.1)d and (1.2 ±0.3) d,respectively,which were significantly better than those of the control group(t =9.041,9.757,8.969,8.704,P =0.025,0.023,0.027,0.028) ;The incidence rate of complication of the study group was 14.5％,which was significantly lower than 24.5％ of the control group(x2 =11.704,P =0.019).Conclusion Laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer had better effect,and it can lower blood loss,shorter hospital stays,and has fewer complications.

Objective To assess the effects of hyperventilation on the balance of cerebral oxygen supply and consumption during craniotomy Methods Twenty ASA Ⅰ Ⅱ patients with supratentorial tumor undergoing elective craniotomy were studied Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2 4 ?g/kg and propofol 1 2mg/kg I V and tracheal intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine 1 5 2 0mg/kg I V After tracheal intubation the patients were mechanically ventilated Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane with or without nitrous oxide and intermittent intravenous bolus of vecuroinum The patients were randomly divided into two groups : in group Ⅰ anesthesia was maintained with 1 5% isoflurane alone (ISO group, n=10); in group Ⅱ with 0 8% isoflurane and 60% 65% N 2O(ISO N 2O group, n=10) Demographic data including age, sex and weight were not significantly different between the two groups In group Ⅰ there were 6 male and 4 female, the mean age was (40 1?9 7) years and weight (64 5?7 3)kg whereas in group Ⅱ there were 5 male and 5 female, mean age was(43 6?8 4)years and mean body weight (62 7?6 5)kg After the opening of dura mechanical ventilation was regulated to maintain PaCO 2 at 4 7 6 0kPa(normal ventilation), 0 9) Arterial and venous blood lactate was within normal range but had a tendency to increase Conclusions Severe hyperventilation influences the balance of cerebral oxygen supply and consumption significantly during either isoflurane or isoflurane N 2O anesthesia at equal MAC, particularly in ISO N 2O group Severe hyperventilation should not be used during anesthesia for brain surgery

Objective To investigate the incidence of pain for the.elderly with dementia in our country.Methods The Chinese version of Doloplus-2 was used to assess pain in 103 patients with dementia.Results One or more specific diseases may cause pain in 94 patients,degeneration of bone and joint top of the list;69 patients with pain score geater than or equal to 5 points,the incidence of pain as much as 67% .Older persons in different age groups the incidence of pain is different,with the age increased the incidence of pain increased;different older age groups pain scores had no significant difference.Conclusion Pain in patients with dementia should be of great importance to the medical staff and give full play to the nursing staff in pain management.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between cavitas pelvis fluidify and infertility.Methods The clinical data of 129 infertility patients which ultrasound hint cavitas pelvis fluidify but hysterosalpingography hint both fallopian tubes to be unobstructed were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups, after 3 months cure with traditional Chinese medicine, the cavitas pelvis fluidify of 86 cases were obsolescent as group Ⅰ , the cavitas pelvis fluidify of 43 cases were no obsolescent as group Ⅱ. Compared their pregnancy rates. Results The pregnancy rate of group Ⅰ was 30.23%(26/86),group Ⅱ was 6.98%(3/43 ), there was significant deviation between the two groups (P < 0.05 ). Eighty-seven patients who were no pregnant were diagnosed laparoscopy, there were 55 cases with endometriosis (EMS), 25 cases with cavitas pelvis accretion, 1 case with tuberculosis of peritoneum, 6 cases with carmoisine cavitas pelvis fluidify without other abnormal. Thirty-one of these patients were pregnant through in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Conclusion Cavitas pelvis fluidify is very important in clinic, search for the cause of a disease and cure actively is needed, so that they can cure utility.

Objective To evaluate the impact of family intervention on the quality of life in the patients after total laryngectomy and their family members. Methods Family intervention was implemented for the patients after total laryngectomy and their family members from 2008 to 2009,and only patients received intervention from 2005 to 2007. The patients and their family members were investigated with Quality of Life Instrument for Cancer Patients-Head and Neck Cancer (QLICP-HN) and Quality of Life Scale-Family Version (QOL Scale-FAMILY) respectively when the patients were admitted to hospital and one year after discharged. Results The quality of life in patients after total laryngectomy and their family members was significantly improved after family intervention was implemented (P<0.05). Conclusion Family intervention is practicable and helpful to improve the quality of life in patients after total laryngectomy and their family members.