OBJECTIVE: Radiculopathy is a common disease in orthopedics,clinically manifested chiefly by pains in the regions innervated by the spinal nerve involved. Since the etiology is complex,either surgical or non-surgical interventions can be adopted accordingly. This study reviewed recent relevant reports to explore the etiology and therapy of radiculopathy.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based search were carried out in Medline database for related articles published between January 1999 and August 2004 using the key words of "nervi spinales,pain,therapy" with language of the text limited to English. A computer-based search of Chinese periodical database,Wanfang Digital Database was also conducted for articles published in Chinese between January 1999 and December 2004 with the same searching words in Chinese language.STUDY SELECTION: Original studies of the etiology,pathogenesis and treatment of radiculopathy.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 22 articles related to the etiology,pathogenesis,surgical treatment,minimal invasive and interventional treatment,as well as non-surgical treatment for radiculopathy were collected.DATA SYNTHESIS: Cervical,lumbar and back pains are the most common clinical manifestations of radiculopathy,induced by mechanical compression and chemical stimulation due to different etiologies. In clinical practice,surgeries or alternative non-surgical treatment can be adopted according to the etiology,the choice of which depends on,therefore,a thorough knowledge of the etiology and therapy of radiculopathy.CONCLUSION: The key for achieving favorable outcome of the patients with radiculopathy lies in correct recognition of the etiology and proper therapeutic decisions.

After the features of online analysis tools of CNKI, Wanfang and SCIE were described, the advantages and limitations of their online analysis tools were comparatively analyzed in terms of their data types, data volumes, use conveniences, analysis dimensions, analysis methods and analysis results.

Objective To investigate the effects of therapeutic equipment that aimed to improve cerebrovascular func?tion combined with electric standing bed on balance disorder following cerebellar infarction. Methods Fifty patients with balance disorder after cerebellar infarction were randomized into study and control groups. Agreed routine rehabilitation ther?apy including automatic standing bed and medication were given to both groups. In addition, therapeutic equipment that aim to improve cerebrovascular function were delivered to patients in study group. The effects were assessed using Fugl-Meyer balance function scale and Barthel index (BI) before and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results Study group and control group did not present difference between FM-B grade and BI before treatment (P>0.05). Both FM-B and BI were improved after treatment (P<0.05), but it improved more in study group than in control group (P<0.05). The total efficiency in treatment group is higher than that in control group (P<0.05). In the process of treatment, no obvious adverse reactions was observed. Conclusion The therapeutic equitment that aim to improve cerebrovascular function combined with automatic standing bed can improve balance disorder and daily activity after cerebellar infarction.

Bibliometric analysis of domestic information literacy education for medical students showed that infor-mation organization contents were relatively less in information literacy education for medical students .Information organization and use are of important significance in training the new generation of qualified medical personnel and in promoting the development of medical sciences .It is thus necessary to strengthen information literacy education for medical students in domestic colleges and universities .Information organization should play its role in informa-tion literacy education for medical students .

Objective: To develop a HPLC method for the content and uniformity of dosage units of dehydroandrographolide in Xiaoyanlidan Tablets. Methods: ODS column was used and methanol water (70∶30) was used as a mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 250nm. Results: The linear range was from 2.14 to 34.24?g/mL (r =0.9999). The average recovery was 99.91%, and the relative standard deviation was 1.78%. Conclusion: The method is convenient and accurate.

Objective To establish a method for the quality control of Huox ia ng Zhengqi Capsules(HZC). Methods Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Herba Pogostemo nis, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae in HZ C were identified by TLC. The content of magnolol and honokiol were determined b y HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were: Diamonsil C18 (250 mm? 4.6 mm, 5 ? m) column, mobile phase being methanol- acetonitrile- water (20 ∶ 15 ∶ 9 ), and the detection wavelength at 294 nm.Results The qualitative identificat ion with TLC was specific. The linear ranges of magnolol and honokiol were 16.14 4～ 80.72 ? g/mL (r=0.9998) and 20.48～ 102.40 ? g/mL( r=0.9997) , the avera ge recovery were 97.07 % and 97.89 % and RSD were 1.17 % and 1.06 % resp ectively. Conclusion This method is sensitive, stable and accurate. It can be used for the quality control of HZC.

[Objective]To explore new directions for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) scientific research. [Method]Reviewing RWS overseas in recent years, with a randomized control ed trial(RCT) contrast, this study summarized the RWS features and discussed the limitations and advantages of RCT and RWS when carrying out the TCM scientific research.[Result] RWS is different from RCT in research purpose, brings into exclusion criteria, sample size, intervention and evaluation index, evaluation time, data col ection, management and statistical analysis method, etc. [Conclusion] Compared with RCT, RWS more fits the basic characteristics of TCM cal ed holistic concept and syndrome differentiation, is advantageous to the preservation of TCM, indicat-ing the new direction for TCM scientific research.

Objective To evaluate the influence of sevoflurane anesthesia on the expression of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats.Methods Thirty-six pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 weeks,weighing 15-20 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =9 each) using a random number table:control group (C group),1.5％ sevoflurane 6 h group (L group),3％ sevoflurane 2 h group (H1 group) and 3％ sevoflurane 6 h group (H2 group).Group L inhaled 1.5％ sevoflurane in oxygen for 6 h.H1 and H2 groups inhaled 3％ sevoflurane in oxygen for 2 and 6 h,respectively.Group C inhaled 30％ oxygcn only.When the neonatal rats were 14 days old,the rats underwent Morris water maze test for 7 consecutive days.Place navigation and spatial probe tests were carried out.After the end of Morris water maze test,the rats were sacrificed,and the hippocampus was obtained for determination of the expression of GAP-43 and NCAM in hippocampal neurons.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the time of staying at the original platform quadrant was shortened,and the expression of GAP-43 was down-regulated in L,H1 and H2 groups,and the frequency of crossing the original platform was decreased in L and H2 groups.There was no significant difference in NCAM expression among the four groups.Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane anesthesia decreases the cognitive function may be related to down-regulated expression of GAP-43,but not related to NCAM expression in hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats.

Central poststroke pain (CPSP) is a neuropathic pain syndrome that can occur after stroke.This syndrome is characterized by pain and sensory abnormalities in the body parts that correspond to the stroke lesion.CPSP occurs ia 1％-12％ of stroke patients.A definite diagnosis of CPSP is difficult,mainly because of the variable clinical picture,the frequent concurrence of several pain types,and the lack of clear diagnostic criteria for CPSP.Management of the CPSP is challenging.This article reviews the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of CPSP.

Objective To explore the signaling pathway of AP-1 activated by epidermal growth foctor receptor(EGFR) in the rat gastric mucosal cells. Methods TGF-? stimulated freshly isolated rat gastric mucosal cells,and Western blot and EMSA detected the activation of ERK-1/2 signaling pathway. Results The exposure of the mucosal cells to 1 nmol/L TGF-? for 30 min significantly induced transcriptional activity of AP-1. This induction was associated with a concomitant activation of MEK and ERK-1/2. TGF-?-induced activation of AP-1 in gastric mucosal cells could be totally abrogated by either PD153035, a specific inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase, or PD98059, a specific inhibitor of MEK. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EGFR AP-1 activates by EPK-1/2 signaling pathway in the rat gastric mucosal cells.