Total 7594 elderly subjects from three urban districts in Beijing were enrolled in the study with randomized cluster sampling design. Physical examination and fasting plasma glucose test were undertaken for all participants.Based on the diagnosis criteria from The Guidelines of Dyslipidemia Control for Chinese Adults in 2007,the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was 26.57％ (2018/7594) and the prevalence of central obesity was 42.04％ ( 3193/7594 ).Using waist circumference ( WC ) as independent variable and MS prevalence as dependant variable,we developed a “Central obesity-Metabolic Syndrome”multiple regression model.The results showed that among those having WC higher than cutoff point,with each 3.3 cm reduction of WC,the prevalence of MS decreased by 4.5％.Therefore,central obesity can be used an important clinical target of MS for both prevention and treatment purposes.

Objective To discuss the effect of early comprehensive development mode on physical, intelligence and mental development of premature infants, and explore the feasibility of comprehensive development mode of preterm infants generally applied in child care clinic. Methods 90 cases of premature infants in intervention group from the beginning of the hospital before the intervention, continuous monitoring and comprehensive intervention including general system health, parenting guidance, family activities, growth monitoring, intelligence assessment, individualized instruction, and so on, for the timely correction of the anomalies. The 90 infants in the control group were only given conventional child health care after 1 month of corrected age. Results The nervous system abnormalities were detected 192 person-times in control group, while 129 person-times in intervention group at 3 months old, the detected rate of nervous system anomaly was higher in the control group than that in the intervention group (χ2=14.574, P=0.000). The body length of the intervention group was (74.31± 2.34) cm, the control group was (72.82 ± 2.13) cm. The body weight of the intervention group was (9.42 ± 0.93) kg, the control group was (8.11 ± 0.90) kg at 12 months old. The growth of weight and length of intervention group were higher than those of control group. The difference was statistically significant ( t=4.467, 9.602, P < 0.05). The development quotient was also assessed, the big activity sport, fine motor, adaptability, social behavior, development quotient of intervention group were (96.40±7.83) points, (95.45± 7.87) points, (98.33±10.87) points, (105.65±7.51) points, (101.45±7.36) points, and the control group were (92.53±6.57) points, (89.27±8.02) points, (94.26±9.88) points, (100.31±8.13) points, (95.65±6.93) points. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.628-5.443, P < 0.05). Conclusions Application of integrated early childhood development in premature infants can find early neurodevelopmental deviations of children and contribute to early intervention on premature infants. Using a combination of family and outpatient intervention may reduce the incidence of neurological abnormalities, improve the level of development of the intelligence assessment and promote premature infant intelligence, motor development and social adaptation ability.

Objective To investigate the feasibility, safety and efficiency of endovascular treatment for patients with aorto-bilateral-iliac artery total occlusive disease.Methods A total of 35 patients with aorto-bi-iliac artery total occlusive disease treated with endovascular therapy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang between Jan 2012 and Dec 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were 33 males and 2 females, mean age (67 ± 6) years treated during the study period.Technical success rate was 100％.129 bare stents and 4 covered stents were implanted.There were no peri-operative death.Postoperative leg ankle brachial index (ABI) improved significantly (0.86 vs.0.28, P ＜ 0.28).Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (5.7％), including brachial artery thrombosis and rupture of external iliac artery post-dilation.The mean follow-up period was 16.5 months (2-28 months).Two patients (5.7％) were lost to follow up.Re-intervention was performed in 3 patients (8.6％) due to reocclusion of the stents.Primary patency was 91％ (30/33) Conclusions Endovascular treatment is effective for aorto-bi-iliac artery total occlusive disease with low complications and acceptable mid-term patent rate.

AIM:To investigate the role of phospholipase C epsilon 1 ( PLCE1 ) in modulating the apoptotic mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells.METHODS:PLCE1 inhibitor U-73122 was used to suppress the expres-sion of PLCE1.The expression of PLCE1 and p53 in A549 cells was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting.Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:A549 cells expressed high level of PLCE1 and low level of p53.Inhibition of PLCE1 markedly increased the expression of p 53, and increased the apoptosis of A 549 cells.CON-CLUSION:PLCE1 suppresses apoptosis of A549 cells via inhibiting the expression of p53.

Objective To evaluate the optimum ratio of medicine dosage for dexmedetomidine mixed with sufentanil used for patient?controlled intravenous analgesia ( PCIA) after Nuss procedure in pedi?atric patients with pectus excavatum. Methods Sixty pediatric patients diagnosed with pectus excavatum, aged 5-12 yr, weighing 18-50 kg, of ASA physical statusⅠorⅡ, scheduled for elective Nuss procedure under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 3 equal groups using a random number table:different ratios of medicine dosage while dexmedetomidine was added to sufentanil groups ( SD1-3 groups) . Postopera?tive analgesia was as follows: group SD1 received sufentanil 1 μg∕kg + dexmedetomidine 2 μg∕kg; group SD2 received sufentanil 1 μg∕kg + dexmedetomidine 3 μg∕kg; group SD3 received sufentanil 1 μg∕kg +dexmedetomidine 4 μg∕kg. A mixture of tropisetron 0?1 mg∕kg and dexamethasone 0?1 mg∕kg ( in 100 ml of normal saline) was added in each group. The PCA pump was programmed to deliver 0?5 ml with a lockout interval of 15 min and background infusion at 2 ml∕h. The PCA pump was connected immediately after the end of operation, and sufentanil with a dosage of 0?1μg∕kg was used as a rescue analgesic within 48 h post?operatively. The VAS score was maintained below 4. The requirement for rescue analgesics was recorded. The Ramsay sedation scores was recorded at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperatively, and the occurrence of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, bradycardia, over?sedation, respiratory depression, agitation and shivering was recorded within 48 h after surgery. Results No pediatric patients developed nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, bradycardia, over?sedation, and shivering. No pediatric patients required rescue analgesics in SD2 and SD3 groups. Compared with group SD1 , the requirement for rescue analgesics and incidence of agitation were significantly decreased, and Ramsay sedation scores were increased at 4 and 8 h after operation in SD2 and SD3 groups. Ramsay sedation scores were significantly higher at 4 h after oper?ation in SD3 group than in SD2 group. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 3 μg∕kg mixed with sufentanil 1μg∕kg is the optimum ratio of medicine dosage when used for PCIA after Nuss procedure in pediatric patients with pectus excavatum.

OBJECTIVE: Aimed to analyse the clinical features of the patients with sphenoid sinus mucocele, achieve earlier diagnosis and more timely intervention and decrease the occurrence of misdiagnoses. METHOD: A retrospective study was first conducted in patients with sphenoid sinus mucoele treated in Xiangya hospital from Jan 2000 to Jan 2015. Then literature reports on this disease were collected and analyzed from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wan Fang database. RESULT: We collected 82 patients with sphenoid sinus mucocele treated in Xiangya hospital. There were 52 patients presented with headache, 31 patients presented with visual impairment, 10 patients presented with cranial nerve palsy, 2 patients presented with exophthalmos, 15 patients presented with nasal symptoms, and 5 patients with no obvious symptoms. There was no significant difference for symptoms distribution between male and female patients (P > 0.05). Among 45 patients with headache as first symptom and 10 patients with ethmoid sinus mucocele, there were 18 patients and 8 patients subsequently suffering from visual impairment, respectively. We also collected 161 patients in literature except for enrolling, the 82 patients treated in Xiangya hospital, and found that headache was the most common symptom, followed by visual impairment, in the two independent cohorts. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the study of maximum sample for sphenoid sinus mucocele in China. Headache and visual impairment are the most common symptoms for sphenoid sinus mucocele. Surgical treatment should be early performed when the desease accompanied with headache or ethmoid sinus mucocele, to avoid other complications such as visual impairment and even blindness.
China ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; etiology ; Databases, Factual ; Diagnostic Errors ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Exophthalmos ; etiology ; Female ; Headache ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mucocele ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Sphenoid Sinus ; pathology ; Vision Disorders ; etiology

Aim To investigate the effect of ribonucleic acidⅡon apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines K562 and KG1 a.Methods Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)as-say was performed to detect proliferation activity of K562 and KG1 a cells treated with ribonucleic acidⅡ. Apoptosis index was assessed by flow cytometry(FCM) and fluorescent Hoechst 33258 staining was used for observing morphologic changes of apoptosis.Expres-sion levels of p53,Bax,Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot.Results The prolifera-tion of K562 and KG1 a cells was significantly inhibited by ribonucleic acid Ⅱ treatment for 12 h,24 h,48 h at concentrations of 100~300 mg·L-1 ,which indica-ted the inhibitory effect of ribonucleic acid Ⅱ was in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners.FCM re-sults displayed a dose-dependent increase in cell apop-totic rate.Hoechst 33258 staining showed the typical apoptotic morphology in some leukemic cells treated with ribonucleic acid Ⅱ,including increased nuclear chromatin concentration and edge accumulation.West-ern blot analysis showed the increased expression of p53,Bax,cleaved caspase-3 and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in K562 and KG1 a cells treated with ribonu-cleic acid Ⅱ.Conclusions Ribonucleic acid Ⅱ can induce apoptosis of leukemia K562 and KG1 a cells by up-regulating p53,which mediates Bcl-2/Bax balance and activates caspase-3 .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of four closure techniques ,large incision with plastic distal at‐tachment and clip with suction ,1 .1 cm small incision with plastic distal attachment and clip with suction in natural orifice translu‐minal endoscopic surgery(NOTES) .Methods Forty‐one ex vivo porcine stomachs were involved in this research .According to the size of incision and different methods of incision closure ,all ex vivo porcine stomachs were divided into four groups .Group A in‐volved 8 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were 1 .2-2 .0 cm ,and their incisions were closured by a clip closure direct‐ly ;group B involved 10 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were 1 .2-2 .0 cm ,and their incisions were closed by plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique;group C involved 10 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were smaller than 1 .1 cm ,and their incisions were by a clip closure directly ;group D involved 13 ex vivo porcine stomachs ,their size of incision were smaller than 1 .1 cm ,and closured by plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique .Stomach leaks were evaluated by leaking studies after the procedure .Results In group A ,1 incision was closed successfully ,7 incisions were clo‐sured unsuccessfully ;in group B ,2 incisions were closed successfully ,8 incisions were closed unsuccessfully ;in group C ,2 incisions were closed successfully ,8 incisions were closured unsuccessfully ;in group D ,11 incisions were closed successfully ,2 incisions were Closured unsuccessfully .Fisher′s exact test showed that group D was significantly related to the success of incision closure .The were significant differences between group A and D ,group B and group D(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Small incision(smaller than 1 cm) and plastic end attachment with suction and clip enclosure technique are optimal in NOTES procedure in this ex vivo porcine stomachs study .

Objective To establish a monkey model of muscle atrophy by fixing the right lower limb and set up e-valuation criteria for that model. Methods Twelve healthy,6-7 year old male cynomolgus monkeys(body weight 6-7 kg)were used in this study. All animals were normal and had no malformed lower limb bones. Right lower limbs of the an-imals were fixed with fiberglass bandage(from knee joint to anklebone)for 15 weeks. Body weight,crus perimeter and crus volume were recorded every two weeks. MRI examinations of the gastrocnemius muscle were conducted at weeks 11,13 and 15. Muscle biopsy was taken for pathological examination at week 15. Results There were no obvious changes of body weight during the experiment. At 15 weeks after modeling,the right crus perimeter and crus volume of the experimental an-imals were significantly decreased(P <0.05),and some biochemical indexes such as serum creatinine,gloucose and al-kaline phosphatase were significantly decreased(P <0.05), while cholesterol was significantly increased(P <0.05).MRI showed atrophy of the right gastrocnemius muscle. Muscle biopsy also showed muscle atrophy and muscle fibers be-came thinner in the right gastrocnemius,and the cross-section area of the muscle fibers was significantly decreased. Con?clusions It is easy to operate and establish a muscle atrophy model in Cynomolgus monkeys by fixing the right lower limb. This model is suitable for objective and easy evaluation of muscle atrophy by measurement of crus perimeter and crus volume of the limb,blood biochemical parameters,MRI examination,and histopathological examination in combination.

OBJECTIVETo screen for genomic copy number variants (CNVs) in a fetus with cardiac abnormalities and intrauterine growth retardation through single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array) and karyotyping analysis.

METHODSThe fetus and its parents were subjected to conventional G banding and SNP-array analysis. The results were confirmed with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

RESULTSG-banding analysis showed that the fetus has a karyotype of 47,XX,+mar. The father has a karyotype of 46,XY,t(4;18) (p15.2q11.2), while the mother showed a normal karyotype. SNP-array detected two microduplications at 18p11.32q11.2 (20.5 Mb) and 4p16.3p15.2 (24.7 Mb) in the fetus. The supernumerary marker chromosome carried by the fetus has derived from the balanced translocation carried by its father. The result was confirmed by FISH.

CONCLUSIONBased on the two microduplications, the fetus was diagnosed as Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome in conjunction with Edward syndrome. Verification of the origin of the supernumerary marker chromosome by SNP-array has provided a basis for prenatal genetic diagnosis.

Chromosome Banding ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Trisomy 18 Syndrome ; genetics ; Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome ; genetics