Objective To comparatively analyze the differences of contraceptive situation of artificial abortion women between urban area and districts and counties in Chongqing City to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the family planning service strategy.Methods The Women Baseline Qestionnaire of Family Planning Service Survey and Study after Abortion provided by the Scientific and Technical Institute of National Population and Family Planning Commission was adopted to survey the contraceptive situation among women receiving artificial abortion in the outpatient department of our hospital and distric and county hopstials during 2015.Results (1)The age and marital status had no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05);(2)no contraceptive measures adopted and confraceptive failure were main reasons causing artificial abortion,and there was no statistic difference between the two groups(P＞0.05);(3)the contraceptive measures adopted after artificial abortion were dominated by IUD,short acting oral contraceptive and condom,in which the women selecting the long termcontraceptive measures such as IUD and subdermal implant in the distric and county group was larger than that in the urban group,while the number of the women selecting the short term contraceptive measures such as condom and short term contraceptive drugs in the distric and county group were higher than those in the urban area group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The main reasons causing ar tificial abortion are low use rate of contraception measures,low efficiency of contraceptive modes,fluke minds existence or lack of understanding of contraceptive methods.But in general,the population selecting high efficiency contraceptive measures in the urban group is lower than that in the distric and county group.