ObjectiveTo analyze Rome Ⅱ and Rome Ⅲ criteria in clinical characteristics of functional dyspepsia (FD) diagnosis and the differences in subtypes of FD,and to assess the psychosocial status of FD patients.Methods From June 2008 to December 2008,1600 random outpatients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in department of gastroenterology fulfilled the inquiry questionnaire.The subtype was diagnosed according to Rome Ⅲ and the Rome Ⅱ criteria and the results were analyzed.ResultsA total of 215 patients (13.44％) were in accordance with Rome Ⅱ criteria and 249 patients (15.56 ％) were in accordance with Rome Ⅲ criteria,there was no difference in FD detection rate between these two criteria (x2=2.176,P＞0.05).About 71.16％(153/215) of the FD patients diagnosed according to Rome Ⅱ criteria were also in accordance with Rome Ⅲ criteria,and 23.26％ (50/215) who had bothersome postprandial fullness,early satiation,epigastic pain or epigastric burning did not meet Rome Ⅲ criteria.About 61.45 ％ (153/249) of the FD patients diagnosed according to Rome Ⅲ criteria were also in accordance with Rome Ⅱ criteria,and the courses of disease of 28.92％(72/249) patients didn't met Rome Ⅱ criteria.According to RomeⅡ,51 (23.72％) patients were ulcer-like type,103 (47.91％)patients were dysmotility-like type,and 61 (28.37％) patients were non-idiotype.According to Rome Ⅲ criteria,76.31％ (190/249) patients were consistent with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS),52.61％ (131/249) patients were consistent with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS),and 28.92％ (72/249) patients met both PDS and EPS.The percentage of the FD patients with anxiety and depression was 16.83％ and 47.52％respectively.Of the FD patients in accordance with Rome Ⅲ criteria who were with both anxiety and depression,the total symptom scores of bothersome postprandial fullness,early satiation,epigastic pain or epigastic burning were the highest (x2 =49.637,P＜0.05).ConclusionsRome Ⅲ criteria is easier to understand and more practical.FD patients always have psychosocial disorders,which may worsen the clinical symptoms.

Objective To understand how about the female consumers know the skin conditions of themselves and which they concern by a comprehensive questionnaire. Methods Three hundred and twenty-eight healthy volunteers in Shanghai were involved in this study. They were divided into 5 age groups equally. The questionnaire included the skin conditions, i.e. skin moisture, sebum, whiteness, redness, xanthochromia, homogeneity, spots, fine line, wrinkle, elasticity, angiotelectasis,pore, sagging, smoothness, gloss, roughness, scales and sensitivity. Each condition was divided into 10 grades to assess the skin conditions of the face (exposed site), upper arm (non-exposed site) and the perfect skin status. SPSS11.5 software was used to analyze the correlations of the skin conditions with ages. Results The skin concerns were difference in the 5 groups. Skin aging of sagging, wrinkle, spots and fine line became prominent from group C (35 to 40 years old). The correlations between the skin concerns of facial moisture, sebum, whiteness, homogeneity, spots, wrinkle, fine line, elasticity, sagging, sensitivity, upper arm sebum, spots, elasticity, angiotelectasis, sagging and roughness with ages were very significant (P＜0.01). Conclusion The changes of the volunteers'concerns about sebum, pore, sagging, elasticity, fine line and wrinkle with age in different age group are consistent with the quantitative measurement results from the oversea studies.

Fe3O4-grafted nitrogen-doped graphene (Fe3O4/N-G) nanomaterials were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method, and its adsorption properties were discussed preliminarily.It was demonstrated that the adsorption of parachlormetaxylenol on Fe3O4/N-G was not limited to uniform monolayer adsorption and the adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic mode.Then, an ultrasound-assisted magnetic solid-phase extraction with Fe3O4/N-G as the magnetic adsorbent has been developed for the determination of four compounds including triclosan, chloroxylenol, hexachlorobenzene and 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl in environmental water samples, in combination with gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.Several factors related to extraction efficiencies, such as the amount of adsorbent, extraction time, sample pH and desorption conditions were investigated.The proposed preparation procedure was as follows: 6.0 mg of Fe3O4/N-G was dispersed into 100 mL of water sample under ultrasound.After 15 s, the Fe3O4/N-G carrying four compounds was separated from the water sample by an external magnetic field.Then, the targets were eluted from Fe3O4/N-G with 3 mL of ethanol and 2 mL of dichloromethane, sequentially.Finally, the eluent was dried under a mild stream of nitrogen and reconstituted with methanol and dichloromethane (1∶1, V/V) for the subsequent GC-MS/MS analysis.Under the optimized condition, an excellent linearity was observed in the range of 0.1-10 ng/L for the four compounds, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9983 to 0.9999.The limits of detections (S/N=3) ranged from 0.05 to 0.6 ng/L and the limits of quantity (S/N=10) ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 ng/L.The mean recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 68.2% to 99.6%.The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intraday and interday were in the range of 3.3%-6.9% and 3.4%-9.4% (n=6), respectively.The proposed method was demonstrated to be simple and feasible for the trace analysis of antimicrobial agents and organochlorine contaminants in environmental water samples.

Objective: To analyze factors influencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients receiving ART at the town level in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture (Ili) in May 2015 and to document enhanced ART for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using one-on-one interviews and data collection from the system of AIDS follow-up management in three ART services centers at the town level of Ili. The subjects were HIV-infected individuals, aged 18 years or older, who were receiving ART during the survey. The surveys collected demographic characteristics, information related to ART and status of engaging ART, smoking and drinking behavior, depression, and quality of life. Results: A total of 412 participants completed the survey. The age was (41.1±8.0) years (range, 19-67 years). Approximately 60.9% (251) were male and 39.1% (161) were female. The survey showed that 75.0% (309) of participants were in good adherence and the P₅₀ (P₂₅, P₇₅) of quality of life was 56.31 (50.55, 59.42). Females demonstrated better adherence to ART (82.6% (n=133)) than males (70.1% (n=76)) (χ²=8.16, P=0.005). The compliance rate of participants (78.0% (n=54)) with depression was higher than non-depressed participants (63.5% (n=255)) (χ²=7.52, P=0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the probability of good adherence to ART increased with increasing quality of life (OR=1.06, 95%CI:1.02-1.09). Moreover, participants who consumed alcohol or disclosed their HIV infection status to families were less likely to have good adherence to ART (OR=0.26, 95% CI:0.13-0.53 and OR=0.31, 95% CI:0.13-0.72, respectively). Additionally, employed participants were also less likely to have good adherence to ART compared with unemployed participants (OR=0.45, 95% CI:0.21-0.97). Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients primarily showed good adherence to ART. Factors related to ART adherence included alcohol consumption, informing family of infection, work status, and quality of life.

Objective:To establish a nursing intervention process for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients with thirst after cardiac surgery to guide clinical practice, so as to provide a basis for the scientific management of thirst in patients after cardiac surgery.Methods:We searched domestic and foreign databases to obtain and evaluate relevant literature on thirst in critically ill patients. After discussion by the research group, the first draft of the thirst intervention process was formulated. The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation, and finally the nursing intervention process for ICU patients with thirst after cardiac surgery was determined.Results:Through two rounds of expert consultation, 4 first-level indicators (pre-intervention evaluation, graded intervention, post-intervention evaluation, health education) , 11 second-level indicators, and 29 third-level indicators were formed. The authority coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.83 and 0.85 respectively, and Kendall's W were 0.259 and 0.214 respectively. Conclusions:Expert advice tends to be consistent, highly authoritative, and good coordination, which can provide a scientific management basis for the construction of nursing intervention process for ICU patients with thirst after cardiac surgery.

Objective:To investigate disease benefit finding of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy, in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and nursing of children with cerebral palsy.Methods:Using the phenomenological method of qualitative research, a total of 12 primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy were selected from the outpatient and inpatient wards of Department of Child Rehabilitation in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University/Yuying Children's Hospital from October 2020 to February 2021 by the purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand the feelings of the primary caregivers when their children were diagnosed with cerebral palsy, how their thoughts changed during care and what coping methods they adopted. Colaizzi 7-step content analysis was used to analyze the collected text data.Results:The disease benefit finding of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy was mainly reflected in self-growth (cultivating healthy behaviors, learning to face and accept reality and enhancing emotional regulation), positive prospects for future life (cherishing the present and re-planning life, looking at things from a positive perspective, strengthening beliefs and regaining hope), improvement of interpersonal relationships (closer husband and wife relationship, more harmonious relationship between family members, feeling the care of medical staff and support and understanding from peers) and diversified social support (crowdfunding platforms provided by social welfare projects, government subsidy) .Conclusions:The disease benefit finding of primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy is mainly manifested in four aspects, including self-growth, changes in life attitudes, improvement of interpersonal relationships and social support. Medical staff can carry out psychological interventions for the main caregivers of children with cerebral palsy from the above four aspects, relieve their negative emotions, improve their psychological adjustment capabilities and enhance their disease benefit finding.

Background : Studies showed that esophageal body dysmotility is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), however, their interactions are still unclear. Aims: To explore the influence of proportion of ineffective swallows on esophageal motility and gastroesophageal reflux in esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM). Methods: Patients who completed esophageal HRM and 24 h esophageal impedanee-pH monitoring and were identified as normal esophageal motility or mild dysmotility from March 2018 to December 2019 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were recruited retrospectively. According to the times of ineffective swallows in 10 warm water swallows in HRM, these patients were allocated into four groups; Group A (0 times), Group B (1-4 times), Group C (5-7 times), Group D (8-10 times). The parameters of esophageal HRM and 24 h esophageal impedance-pH monitoring were analyzed, and the value of ineffective swallows for assistant diagnosis of pathological acid reflux was assessed. Results: A total of 142 patients were included. There were no significant differences in abnormal manometric parameters between the four groups (all P > 0. 05). In Group D, the number of weak and non-peristalsis were increased, while the mean and maximum value of distal contractile integral (DCI) were decreased as compared with those in Group A and Group B (all P < 0. 05). Between Group C and Group D, the differences in mean and maximum DCI value were significant (all P < 0. 05). As the times of ineffective swallows increased, the acid exposure time (AET) and DeMeester score gradually increased from Group A to Group D (all P < 0. 05). Times of ineffective swallows and weak peristalsis were moderately and positively correlated with AET, DeMeester score, and the total number of acid exposure (all P < 0. 05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of ineffective swallows for assistant diagnosis of pathological acid reflux was 0. 625 (95 % CI; 0.523-0. 727, P = 0. 027); the optimal cut-off value was 4. 5, and the sensitivity and specificity were 62. 9% and 61. 7 %, respectively. The diagnostic performance of weak peristalsis was superior to that of non-peristalsis (AUC: 0. 625 vs. 0. 590). Conclusions: Different proportions of ineffective swallows suggest different clinical significance. The clinical relevance of ineffective swallows > 70 % might be most significant, and to a certain extent, can predicts pathological acid reflux.