Based on multiple painless needle insertion skills in clinic combined with own experience, the authors propose the opinion that different painless needle insertion methods need to be used according to the positions where acupoints are. The appropriate needle insertion mean must be selected in accord with the anatomical characteristic of acupoint position, namely, tapping insertion is applied in scalp part, skin-pinching up needle insertion is used in forehead and superficial nerve trunk, fingernail-pressure needle insertion in ocular region and positions where large blood vessels distribute, flying acupuncture insertion in face and finger tip, vibrating needle in occipitonuchal region, quivering insertion in abdomen, quick pricking by single hand in the four limbs and back, and chop acupuncture in palm and pelma. The insertion methods are systematically discussed in terms of preparation, acupoint position, manipulation and attention, etc, so that to provide the reference for painless needle insertion.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Meridians ; Needles

Evidence based medicine(EBM)makes practitioner of the main current medical science change their attitude to alternative medical science, and provides the technology of studies for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) clinical trials. The method of EBM will provide enormous development space and chance for TCM, and promote the proceeding of the modernization and globalization of TCM. At the same time, the research of TCM should not follow the EBM technology completely, it should keep TCM itself characteristic.To know the EBM defect,it can be better utilized.

Prof. SHI Xue-min is the first one who proposes the theory of quantitative needling manipulation. This theory requires corresponding quantitative marker of each point. In order to meet this quantitative requirement, he set up strict and rigorous needling methods for each point. Part of his experience in this regard is introduced in this article.

This study was aimed to observe curative effect of periarthritis of shoulder with activating brain and re-gaining consciousness acupuncture method combined with surrounding needling acupuncture on shoulder joint. A to-tal of 120 patients were randomly divided into the treatment group (60 cases) and the control group (60 cases) on the basis of routine internal medicine treatment and rehabilitation exercises. Cases in the control group received conven-tional acupuncture treatment. And cases in the treatment group received activating brain and regaining conscious-ness acupuncture method combined with surrounding needling acupuncture on shoulder joint. The treatment course was 28 days. And then, the curative effect evaluation was conducted. The results showed that the effective rate was 73.33% in the control group and 93.34% in the treatment group. There was statistical significance on effective rate between both groups(P< 0.05). It was concluded that the activating brain and regaining consciousness acupuncture method combined with surrounding needling acupuncture on shoulder joint had significant curative effects for peri-arthritis of shoulder. This treatment method is worthy of further popularization and application.

BACKGROUND: Xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture is a series of systematic acupuncture methods with yin channels in domination, assisted by specified standards of quantity manipulation, which was founded according to the pathogenesis of stroke, and it is effective in treating stroke.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture on blood lipids and blood viscosity in stroke patients of different syndrome types.DESIGN: A comparative observation.SETTINGS: Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, and Special Care Ward of Acupuncture, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 750 stroke inpatients (466 males and 284 females) were selected from the Special Care Ward of Acupuncture, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin College of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January and December in 2001, the average age was (64±12) years,the disease course ranged from 2 hours to 3 years. All the patients were informed and agree with the therapeutic program.METHODS: ① The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiations of stroke were in reference to the fifth edition of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Internal Medicine. There were 688 cases of stroke of meridian and collateral type and 47 cases of stroke attacking zang-fu organs type. ② Huatuo filiform needles produced by Suzhou [1.0-1.5 cun in length, 0.32-0.38 mm in diameter (No. 30-28)] were used in the xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture. Firstly, the acupoints of bilateral Neiguan were acupunctured perpendicularly for about 0.5-1.0 cun, the reducing manipulation by twirling as well as lifting and thrusting the needle was performed for 1 minute; Secondly, the needle was inserted at Renzhong towards nasal septum for about 0.3-0.5 cun, the manipulation of heavy bird-peck needling was used till the eyeballs were wet or tears fell down; Then Sanyinjiao was acupunctured, the needle was inserted along the medial border of tibia at an angle of 45° with skin for about 1.0-1.5 cun, the reinforcing manipulation by lifting and thrusting the needle was performed till the ipsilateral lower limb had three tics; The acupoint of Weizhong was selected by lying and lifting the leg, the needle was inserted perpendicularly for 0.5-1.0 cun, and the reducing manipulation by lifting and thrusting was applied till the ipsilateral lower limb had three tics; The acupoint of Jiquan was acupunctured at 1 cun below the source point along the channel in avoidance of axillary hairs, the needle was inserted perpendicularly for 1.0-1.5 cun, and the reducing manipulation by lifting and thrusting was applied till the ipsilateral upper limb had three tics; The elbow was flexed to 120° for acupuncture at Chize, the needle was inserted perpendicularly for 1.0 cun, the reducing manipulation by lifting and thrusting was applied till the ipsilateral upper limb had three tics. Twice a day for 7 days as a course. ③ After four courses averagely, the whole blood viscosities were detected with the hemorrheologic detector, and the normal ranges for lowshear, middle-shear and high-shear of whole blood viscosities were 6.50-9.25, 4.35-5.45 and 3.65-4.40 mpa ·s respectively. The levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride were detected with blood lipid detector, and the normal ranges were 3.38-6.5 mmol/L and 0.56-0.147 mmol/L.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effects of xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture on the blood lipids and blood viscosity in stroke patients of different syndrome types were observed.RESULTS: Totally 690 and 721 cases finished the detections of whole blood viscosities and blood lipids respectively. There were obviously fewer cases with normal whole blood viscosities in the patients with stroke of meridian and collateral than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs (10.3%, 15.4%, P ＜ 0.01), but markedly more cases with higher total cholesterol and triglyceride than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs (80.5%, 91.5%; 64.1%, 71.3%; P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: The levels of blood lipids in the patients with stroke of meridian and collateral are more abnormal than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs, but their blood viscosities are better than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs.

Background Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disorder characterized by a bilateral acute or subacute painless central visual loss in young adults,predominately in males.So far no one theory can completely explain all clinical manifestations of LHON.Objective This study was to investigate whether there is a linkage between X-chromosomal and mitochondrial mutation in the inheritance of a Chinese LHON pedigree with only male patients.Methods This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated First Hospital of Zhengzhou University and followed by Declaration of Helsinki.A Chinese LHON pedigree was included in Anyang city from January 2008 to August 2016.Periphery blood of 5-10 ml was collected from 4 sufferers,13 maternal members and 10 non-maternal members for DNA extraction and PCR sequencing.The gene scanning and genotyping analysis were performed by ABI-PRISM 3100 genetic analyzer and Genotyper 3.7 software,and linkage analysis was carried out with Linkage software for the calculation of logarithm of odds (LOD).Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence,fluorescence-based Genescan for X-chromosomal sequence were analyzed in the propositus and haplotype was evaluated.Results A total of 5 generations and 71 families were included in the pedigree,with 6 male sufferers,30 maternal members and 41 non-maternal members.The visual acuity was ≤0.10,and the central visual field defection,the optic nerve flushing was found in the acute phase,different levels of the optic nerve fibers atrophy were found in the chronic phase;visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitude was low and peak latency were found in the male patients,and no any ocular abnormality was seen in the maternal members,meeting a maternally inherited characteristics,with the penetranee of 20％.The three primnary mutations were not been found in this family bv PCR sequencing,mtDNA sequencing appeared 31 variation of loci in the proband,including a known G3635A mutation,as well as an unknown ND5 A12340G missense mutation and ND4 T11809C synonymous mutation as well as 28 polymorphism of locus,and the proband was mitochondrial haplotype F1.The maternal families were mutation carriers of G3635A and AI2340G loci,while the same mutation was not found in the normal family members and 107 controls.The maximum two point parametric LOD score was 1.46(θ=0.0) for marker DXS1060,1oeated at Xp22.3,and the two-point and multipoint non-parametric linkage analysis were significant (all at P＞0.05).Conclusions The ND5 A12340G and ND1 G3635A mutations coexist in this LHON family,and the ND5 A12340G mutation is a newly reported mutation.There is no evidence for an X-linked modifiers loci in this Chinese LHON family.

Objective To analyze and evaluate a new acetabular revision component with three wings. Methods The finite-element models of a new acetabular component and acetabulum with bone loss were established to calculate the interface stresses during a normal gait cycle with use of the finite-element formulations. Results The finite-element analysis demonstrated that stress and strain at the interfaces of bone-shell and metal-polyethylene liner had the same direction of change but no remarkable difference between them. In the study, the result indicated increased contact stresses with an increased joint load and orientation. The peak stress was tested at the second stage of gait cycle. The stress of wings increased gradually from rim to root. Its peak stress that was significantly lower than yield force of the Co-Cr alloy was at the joint between the wing and the shell. The stress of graft had the same change rule as the joint force. The part of graft near to acetabular component was subjected to higher stress conditions. Conclusion The hip forces can transfer from acetabular component and implant to acetabulum. The result of the finite-element analysis underlined the importance of wings of the new acetabular component. The wing can help to improve the antitorsion ability of acetabular component and to minimize its aseptic loosening rate. Therefore, based on results of this study and clinical application, the acetabular component with wings is known a viable means for acetabular revision in the presence of bone loss. But further research is needed as to this acetabular component.

Alternative designs have been explored in an attempt to improve the longevity of acetabular prostheses in revision surgery. Many studies had been designed to test the result of the extra-large uncemented hemispherical acetabular components used for acetabular revision in the presence of bone loss. A clinical study of a new acetabular component consisting of a porous metal shell with three wings and an all-polyethylene liner had attained a satisfying result. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the new acetabular component by comparison with the hemispherical acetabular component. The finite-element models of the two acetabular components and the acetabulum in the presence of bone loss were established to calculate the interface stresses during a normal gait cycle with use of the finite-element formulations. Results of the finite-element analysis demonstrated that stress and strain of the two acetabular components had the same direction of change, but the new component had higher stress at the root of wings. In the study, the result indicated reduced contact stresses with a reduced abduction angle of wings. The stress was lower in the new acetabular component of 15° angle of wings compared with the new acetabularcomponent of 30°of wings and hemispherical acetabular component (P < 0.05). The stress of acetabular component with wings showed no remarkable difference by comparison with the extra-large uncemented hemispherical acetabular component. Reducing abduction angle of wings seemed to be a viable means of reducing the stress of the acetabular component while improving its stability.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of Pumpkin Polysaccharide Granules for diabetes Ⅱ.Methods:The clinical effects were evaluated on the governing principle of clinical investigation of diabetes treatment with new Chinese medicinal. In experiment the clinical effects of Pumpkin Polysaccharide Granules (as a treatment group) were compared with that of Xiaoke pill (as a control group).Results:The total effective rate of treatment group was 87.13%, 10 cases of then marked effect, 16 cases effect, 4 cases no improvement. The total effective rate of control group was 70.00%. The treatment group was superior to the control group ( P

Objective: To study the best condition of extracting effective component in Daphne odora Thurrb fresh flower by CO 2 supercritical fluid extraction(SFE). Methods: Uniform design was taken in these 4 factors: extracting pressure, extracting temperature, releasing pressure and releasing temperature, together with the experiments of 7 levels in each factor. Results: The best conditon in SFE: extracting pressure 35MPa, extracting temperature 40 ?C , releasing pressure over 8MPa and releasing temperature 36 ?C . Conclusion: This method is simple, highly selective and efficient in extracting effective component of Daphne odora thurrb fresh flowers.