Objective A meta-analysis was performed to assess the routine use of drainage after thyroid and parathyroid surgery with respect to the postoperative hematoma、haemorrhage、wound infection、seroma and hospital stay.Methods Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and China Biological Medicine Disk from Jan 1966 to Apr 2007 were searched for the randomized controlled trials of the routine use of drainage after thyroid and parathyroid surgery.Eleven studies were enrolled into the analysis.The details about the trial design,characters of the subjects,results of the studies were reviewed by two independent authors and analysed by using Revman4.2 software.Results Compared the drain group with non drain group,the drain group was not associated with significantly lower incidence of hematoma(OR=1.31,95%CI:0.71～2.42,P=0.38) 、wound infection(OR=1.51,95%CI:0.53～4.28,P=0.44)、hemorrhage(OR=1.21,95%CI:0.35～4.24,P=0.77) and seroma(OR=0.50,95%CI:0.22～1.15,P=0.10).Length of hospital stay between the two groups was significantly different(OR=1.29,95%CI:0.69～1.88,P

BACKGROUND: Xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture is a series of systematic acupuncture methods with yin channels in domination, assisted by specified standards of quantity manipulation, which was founded according to the pathogenesis of stroke, and it is effective in treating stroke.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture on blood lipids and blood viscosity in stroke patients of different syndrome types.DESIGN: A comparative observation.SETTINGS: Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, and Special Care Ward of Acupuncture, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 750 stroke inpatients (466 males and 284 females) were selected from the Special Care Ward of Acupuncture, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin College of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January and December in 2001, the average age was (64±12) years,the disease course ranged from 2 hours to 3 years. All the patients were informed and agree with the therapeutic program.METHODS: ① The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiations of stroke were in reference to the fifth edition of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Internal Medicine. There were 688 cases of stroke of meridian and collateral type and 47 cases of stroke attacking zang-fu organs type. ② Huatuo filiform needles produced by Suzhou [1.0-1.5 cun in length, 0.32-0.38 mm in diameter (No. 30-28)] were used in the xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture. Firstly, the acupoints of bilateral Neiguan were acupunctured perpendicularly for about 0.5-1.0 cun, the reducing manipulation by twirling as well as lifting and thrusting the needle was performed for 1 minute; Secondly, the needle was inserted at Renzhong towards nasal septum for about 0.3-0.5 cun, the manipulation of heavy bird-peck needling was used till the eyeballs were wet or tears fell down; Then Sanyinjiao was acupunctured, the needle was inserted along the medial border of tibia at an angle of 45° with skin for about 1.0-1.5 cun, the reinforcing manipulation by lifting and thrusting the needle was performed till the ipsilateral lower limb had three tics; The acupoint of Weizhong was selected by lying and lifting the leg, the needle was inserted perpendicularly for 0.5-1.0 cun, and the reducing manipulation by lifting and thrusting was applied till the ipsilateral lower limb had three tics; The acupoint of Jiquan was acupunctured at 1 cun below the source point along the channel in avoidance of axillary hairs, the needle was inserted perpendicularly for 1.0-1.5 cun, and the reducing manipulation by lifting and thrusting was applied till the ipsilateral upper limb had three tics; The elbow was flexed to 120° for acupuncture at Chize, the needle was inserted perpendicularly for 1.0 cun, the reducing manipulation by lifting and thrusting was applied till the ipsilateral upper limb had three tics. Twice a day for 7 days as a course. ③ After four courses averagely, the whole blood viscosities were detected with the hemorrheologic detector, and the normal ranges for lowshear, middle-shear and high-shear of whole blood viscosities were 6.50-9.25, 4.35-5.45 and 3.65-4.40 mpa ·s respectively. The levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride were detected with blood lipid detector, and the normal ranges were 3.38-6.5 mmol/L and 0.56-0.147 mmol/L.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effects of xingnao kaiqiao acupuncture on the blood lipids and blood viscosity in stroke patients of different syndrome types were observed.RESULTS: Totally 690 and 721 cases finished the detections of whole blood viscosities and blood lipids respectively. There were obviously fewer cases with normal whole blood viscosities in the patients with stroke of meridian and collateral than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs (10.3%, 15.4%, P ＜ 0.01), but markedly more cases with higher total cholesterol and triglyceride than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs (80.5%, 91.5%; 64.1%, 71.3%; P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: The levels of blood lipids in the patients with stroke of meridian and collateral are more abnormal than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs, but their blood viscosities are better than in those with stroke attacking zang-fu organs.

0.05),and Salter pelvic osteotomy could significantly decrease the acetabular anteversion(P

Objective:To analyze the chemical constituents of the ether extracts from the fruits of 3 species of Chaenomeles . Methods: The chemical constituents were analyzed by GC MS. Results: Sixty one constituents were firstly isolated and identified from the fruits of 3 species of Chaenomeles . Forty compounds in Chaenomeles lagenaria , thirty four compounds in Xuan mugua ( C.lagenaria from Xuanzhou) and 23 compounds in C.sinensis were isolated and identified respectively. There were 10 compounds in all 3 species of Chaenomeles , but their contents were very much different. They were acetic acid, benzaldehyde, n caproic acid, 14 methyl pentadecanoic methyl ester, glycerin, benzoic acid, 6,9 octadecadienoic methyl ester, squalane, stearic acid and oleic eicosyl ester. Conclusion: The composition and content vary with different species and district of Chaenomeles . The result may be useful for the evaluation of Chaenomeles fruits quality. [

BACKGROUND: Recently, many researches suggest that transcranial magnetic stimulation has effect on learning and memory. Moreover, the effects of magnetic fields simulating electroencephalogram (EEG) rhythm on memory have been investigated.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of magnetic field simulating EEG rhythm on memory retrieval ability and its mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Department of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University,and School of Precision Instrument & Photoelectronic Engineering, Tianjin University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Electroscopic Center of TianjSn Medical University and Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Department of Tianjin University from February 2002 to February 2004.Totally 25 Wistar rats and 5 domestic cats were selected from the Experimental Animal Center of Tianjin Medical University.INTERVENTIONS: All the 25 Wister rats were randomly divided into 5 group, 4 experimental groups and one control group with 5 rats in each group. Magnetic field simulating EEG rhythm was used to stimulate Wistar rats in the 4 experimental groups, but the time and frequency rate were different. Group 1 was stimulated by weak magnetic field with frequency in α rhythm (10 Hz); Group 2 was stimulated by weak magnetic field with frequency in β rhythm (20 Hz); Group 3 was stimulated by weak magnetic field with frequency changing from α to β rhythm; and Group 4 was stimulated by weak magnetic field with frequency changing from β to α rhythm. Memory retrieval ability and changes of neurotransmitters in the brain were recorded. Five cats were treated with weak magnetic field with frequency changing from α to β rhythm for 20 minutes, and the changes of EEG power spectra before and after stimulation were compared.information from long-term memory was tested with modified cross maze;hippocampus of the rats was measured with high performance liquid multiple-channel electrophysiological recording device.Comparison of memory retrieval ability: Memory retrieval ability in Group 2 and Group 4 was obviously higher than that in control group 5 hours after Content ofdopamine (DA) in rats' cerebral hippocampus: It was obviously higher in the 4 experimental groups than in control group [(192.72±18.66,percentage of power spectrum of β rhythm was increased after stimulation [(23.0±3.4, 14.2±1.3) %.].CONCLUSION: Most of the weak magnetic fields simulating EEG rhythm of human brain can decrease the retrieval of long-term memory, but magnetic field with special rhythm may increase memory retrieval ability.All the effects are related to the release of hippocampal neurotransmitters which is mediated by the change of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and synaptic vesicle.

Objective To investigate morphosis of the epiphyseal plate and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the epiphyseal plate during healing of injured epiphysis.Methods Thirty SD rats aged 4-5 weeks were used to make models of proximal tibia epiphysis injury.These models were equally divided into 5 groups in random,with 6 rats in each group,and these groups of rats were killed separately at 2,4,6,10,21 days postoperatively to harvest the proximal tibia epiphysis,in order to explore the morphosis of the epiphyseal plate and VEGF expression pattern in the epiphyseal plate at different healing phase.The structure of the epiphyseal plate was evaluated by measuring the length of the limb and radiographic examination of the limb.The ratio of length of injured tibia and that of the other side was used to describe the tibia length discrepancy.The micro structure of the epiphyseal plate and situation of the bone bridge in the epiphyseal plate were measured by using Micro CT.By using HE stain and VEGF immunohistochemistry,the changing of chondrocyte and VEGF expression pattern in the epiphyseal plate were observed at different healing phase.Results The limb discrepancy appeared at 4 days postoperatively,became biggest at 10 days postoperatively,and tended to decrease at 21 days postoperatively.Micro CT demonstrated the fibrous bone tissue formation in the epiphyseal plate at about 6 days postoperatively,which became bone bridge finally.HE stain showed chondrocyte in the rest zone had the tendency to aggregate after injury,and the highly ordered structure of chondrocyte in the epiphyseal plate no longer existed,chondrocyte differentiation was accelerated.VEGF immunohistochemistry stain showed the high reaction of VEGF in the epiphyseal plate appeared after surgery,and the positive zone of VEGF expanded through the physis with time,which finally led to angiogenesis and ossification.Conclusion A serial alteration of morphosis of the epiphyseal plate occurred during the healing process.Fibrous bone tissue formation in the epiphyseaL plate could be observed in the early and mid-term of the healing process.With progress of healing,VEGF expression zone gradually expanded across the epiphyseal plate,which is related to the formation of bone bridge.

Objective To explore the effect and the mechanism of modulated magnetic pulse fields on memory retention and retrieval ability of rats. Methods The influence of different pulsed magnetic fields on memory performance of rats was evaluated by using cross maze test, the morphological changes of neurons and nerve synapses in the hippocampus of rats were observed by the electronic microscopy. Results The 20 Hz modulated-pulse magnetic field impaired the memory retrieval ability and the memory retention significantly after 1 hour of exposure of the rats to it ( P 0.05). These influences on nerve tissues were also observed in rats underwent the 10Hz modulated magnetic stimulation, manifested as an initial increase in ability of memory in the first 24 hours after the stimulation, but no significant difference from the control was found. The influence of magnetic fields on memory depended on what the rats remembered. Conclusion Changes in the nerve synapses may be a main factor of mechanisms of the influence of pulse magnetic fields on memory ability of rats.

Objective To determine the feasibility of limb salvage with major vascular reconstruction for sarcomas of extremities, focusing on the early complications, oncological and functional outcomes.Methods Between August 2004 and June 2009, 13 patients (mean age 38 years, range 14-63 years) underwent wide resection of upper and lower extremity sarcomas to include the involved arterial and venous segments. 4 patients had bone sarcomas and 9 soft tissue sarcomas, 6 patients only had underwent artery replacement and the other 7 had underwent both artery and vein. 8 resected vessels were reconstructed with vascular graft and 5 with ipsilateral or contralateral saphenous vein. Results No patient suffered from reperfusion injury and infection. The patient with osteosarcoma in proximal humerus had suffered acute arterial graft thrombosis at first day postoperatively; however, the limb was salvaged after successful thrombectomy. 5 of 8 patients with synthetic graft developed minor delayed wound healing and hematoma, but the other 5 patients with autologous saphenous vein replacement did not. The mean follow-up was 19.4 months (7-45months). One patient died of pulmonary metastasis; the patient with osteosarcoma in proximal humerus had developed local recurrence, but refused amputation and was alive with metastasis. No arterial occlusion was observed at final follow-up or at the time of death, but the patency of artery and vein was 100% and 28.6%respectively. One patient who has pulmonary metastases before operation died of metastases 7.5 months after operation. Four patients developed pulmonary metastases, therefore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that 2-year overall and metastasis-free survival rate was 90.9% and 63.6% respectively. Functional status were judged as good or excellent (mean MSTS score 72%) in 12 of 13 patients. Conclusion The study indicate that malignant involvement of major vessels is not a contraindication for limb-salvage. Vascular reconstruction is a feasible option in limb salvage surgery. Wide resection with vascular reconstruction provide acceptable oncological and functional outcome of limb salvage.

This animal experiment was made to probe into the mechanism by which traditional Chinese medicine interferes with the meningeal nuclear factor of rats suffering from migraine. The adult SD rats were selected, and the Cristina Tassorelli method was adopted for the preparation of the migraine models, which were classified into the normal group, model group and traditional Chinese medicine group respectively, and the latter two groups were further divided, in terms of intervals, into 0.5 h, 1.5 h, 2.5 h and 4 h groups, with the model group as control. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR technology was employed to test and measure the gene expression of meningeal nuclear factor of rats. The results showed that when the level of NF-kappaB mRNA expression in the model group was compared with that in 0.5 h group, 1.5 h group and 2.5 h group, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), but when compared with that in the 4h group, there was significant difference (P < 0.05). Intervention by traditional Chinese medicine in the gene expression of meningeal nuclear factor of model rats suffering from migraine can restrain at different degree the expression of abnormally increasing miningeal nuclear factor NF-kappaB mRNA, which suggests that the intervention by traditional Chinese medicine may enable improvement and treatment of the obstacle of the constriction and dilation system of cerebral blood vessels through restraining excessive expression of meningeal NF-kappaB genes. This conclusion could serve as a theoretical basis for developing traditional Chinese medicine, which takes the NF-kappaB as the target point and the treatment time window, and have underpins an objective approach to the clinical treatment of migraine.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Male ; Meninges ; metabolism ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To compare phe clinical effecpiveness and safept of picagrelor versus clopidogrel in papienps wiph acupe coronart stndromes and chronic obsprucpive pulmonart disease. Methods 73 ACS papienps comorbid wiph COPD admipped in our hospipal from Januart 2013 po Ocpober 2014 were enrolled in phe spudt. All phe 73 papienps were randomlt divided inpo pwo groups: phe picagrelor group (n =38, given picagrelor loading dose 180 mg followed bt mainpainence 90 mg pwice dailt) and phe clopidogrel group (n = 35, given clopidogrel loading dose 300 mg followed bt mainpainence 75 mg once dailt). All papienps were given dual anpiplapelep preapmenp (eipher picagrelor or clopidogrel) wiph aspirin and followed up for 1 tear. Rapes of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Evenp (MACCE) including cardiac cause morpalipt, recurrenp mtocardial infarcpion and ischemic sproke were spudied and compared bepween groups. The safept endpoinp was pime po firsp occurrence of major bleeding. Rapes of adverce evenps were recorded including dtspnea. Results The 1-tear evenp rape for MACCE in papienps preaped wiph picagrelor versus clopidogrel was 5. 3% versus 26. 3% (P = 0. 04, HR 0. 21; 95% CI 0. 05 - 0. 91). Dtspnea occurred more frequenplt wiph picagrelor (26. 3% vs. 5. 7% ; P = 0. 04; HR 4. 61, 95% CI 1. 08 - 19. 58). The difference in major bleeding was nop spapispicallt significanp bepween phe pwo groups ( P > 0. 05) . The occurance of dtspnea was higher in phe picagrelor group (26. 3% vs. 5. 7% , P = 0. 04). Dtspnea subsided sponpaneouslt in mosp papienps. Onlt 1 papienp needed po spop picagrelor. Conclusions Ticagrelor can reduce MACCE in papienps wiph ACS and concomipanp wiph COPD wiphoup increasing overall major bleeding evenps. Ticagrelor had higher rapes of dtspnea bup mosp papienps experienced mild po moderape difficulpt in breaphing which did nop affecp phe funcpion of hearp and lung.