A variety of heat shock protein 70(HSP70)-associated therapeutic vaccines including protein vaccine,peptide vaccine,tumor cell vaccine and DNA vaccine,have been developed and applied in anti-tumor immunotherapy,in which HSP70-fused DNA vaccine attracts our attention with its superiority.It not only induces consistent anti-tumor immune response but also helps sustain immune memory.In this article we reviewed the function and application of HSP70 in the therapeutic tumor DNA vaccine.

Objective To explore the iodine status of pregnant women after 17 years of salt iodization in rural areas of Shijiazhuang City.Methods Probability proportionate to size sampling was employed in which 30 towns were selected from the 211 towns in the rural areas of Shijiazhuang City.In each town selected,40 pregnant women were randomly selected to collect their spot urine samples,edible salt samples and drinking water samples from their households to measure iodine content.The iodine content of salt was determined quantitatively using a titration method (GB/F 13025.7-2012).The urinary iodine content was determined using the method of ammonium persulfate digestion arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006).The iodine content in drinking water was determined by the method of standard test for drinking water.Results A total of 1 200 salt samples was collected from the pregnant women's households in 30 towns,with the overall median iodine content being 27.2 mg/kg.The median salt iodine content in 30 towns varied from 23.4 to 32.6 mg/kg.A total of 478 water samples were collected,with a median of 5.3 μg/L.The median urinary iodine content (UIC) of 1 200 pregnant women in 30 towns was 146.4 μg/L.The median UIC in the first (≤ 13 weeks),second (14 ～ 26 weeks) and third (≥27 weeks) trimesters was 166.3,145.1 and 133.5 μg/L,respectively.The median UIC in the first trimester was significantly higher than that in the third trimester (Mann-Whitney Test,U =18 265,P ＜ 0.05).Except for the 9-20 and 37-40 weeks period of pregnancy,the median UIC was lower than the WHO criteria (150 μg/L).Tested by linear correlation,the pregnant women's median UIC did not correlate with median salt iodine (r =0.725,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Under the current universal salt iodization,the pregnant women's iodine intake could almost meet their requirement in the rural areas of Shijiazhuang City,however,mild iodine deficiency has existed in the third trimester.Alternative measures of iodine supplement could be implemented.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of Guard wire technology in percutaneous coronary intervention( PCI) of ostial lesions and the treatment of passing ostial lesions. Methods Thirty?five cases patients needing PCI of ostial lesions were selected and divide randomly in to A group(n=18) and B group(n=17) . A group used Guard wire technology and B group used common method. The X?ray exposure time,complications,the amount of contrast agents of two groups were analyzed. Forty?six cases patients needing the treatment of passing ostial lesions were divided randomly into C group( n=25) and D group( n=21) . C group used Guard wire technology and D group used common method. Complications of two groups were investigated. Results The X?ray exposure time, the amount of contrast agents and complications of A group were fewer than that of B group,the difference were significant((5. 7±0. 6) min vs. (9. 3±1. 1) min,(84. 3 ±6. 4) ml vs. (94. 1±10. 0) ml,6%(1/18) vs. 35%(6/17);t or χ2=-11. 80,-3. 50,4. 80;P<0. 05). The complications of C group was lower than that of D group,and the difference was significant( 4%( 1/25) vs. 29%( 6/21);χ2=5. 30,P<0. 05) . Conclusion Guard wire technology is safe and useful in percutaneous coronary intervention of ostial lesions and the treatment of passing ostial lesions,and it is feasible in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effects of levosimendan on percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) in patients with ischemic heart failure. Methods From January 2013 to June 2016,eighty patients with ischemic heart failure undergoing coronary intervention in Pingdingshan People′s Hospital No. 1 were randomly divided into treatment group ( 40 cases) and control group ( 40 cases) . The treatment group was treated with levosimendan on the basis of routine medicine 2 days before operation,and the control group was given routine medication before operation. The baseline clinical data, operative success rate, complications, left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF%) after 1 month, 6 min walking distance, plasma brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP ) , creatinine and other cardiac and renal functions were observed and compared between the two groups. Results The differences of the baseline clinical characteristics including age (65. 5±3. 9 vs. 63. 9±3. 6),male (26 cases (65. 0%) vs. 23 cases (57. 5%) ),hypertension (21 cases (52. 5%) vs. 19 cases (47. 5%) ),diabetes (17 cases ( 42. 5%) vs. 14 cases ( 35. 0%) ) , hyperlipidaemia ( 30 cases ( 75. 0%) vs. 29 cases ( 72. 5%) ) , smoking (21 cases (52. 5%) vs. 19 cases (47. 5%) ),COPD (7 cases (17. 5%) vs. 6 cases (15. 0)%), LDL?C ( (4. 5±1. 0) mmol/L vs. (4. 4±1. 1) mmol/L),BMI ( (25. 9±3. 3) vs. (25. 6±3. 5) ) were not significant (t/χ2=1. 30,0. 47,0. 20,0. 47,0. 07,0. 20,0. 09,0. 49,0. 39,P=0. 20,0. 49,0. 66,0. 49,0. 80, 0. 66,0. 76, 0. 63, 0. 70 ) . There was no significant difference in coronary artery lesion between two groups, including single vessel lesion (11 cases (27. 5%) vs. 15 cases (37. 5%) ),double vessel lesion ( (22 cases ( 55. 0%) vs. 19 cases ( 47. 5%) ) ,three vessel lesion ( ( 7 cases ( 17. 5%) vs. 6 cases ( 15. 0%) ) and left main coronary artery disease (7 cases (17. 5%) vs. 6 cases (15. 0%) ) (Z=-0. 88,P=0. 38). The time of percutaneous coronary intervention ( ( 51. 0±8. 6) min vs. (49. 6 ±9. 6) min),the time of X?ray exposure ( (20. 3±7. 0) min vs. (18. 4±5. 6) min),material consumption ( (123. 2±16. 6) ml vs. (117. 3±25. 1) ml) between two groups have no difference ( t/χ2=0. 70,1. 39,1. 24,P=0. 49,0. 17,0. 22) . There were significant differences between the two groups in the success rate of operation ( 38 cases ( 95. 0%) vs. 31cases ( 77. 5%) , heart failure ( 1 cases ( 2. 5%) vs. 6cases ( 15. 0%) ) and complications ( 2 cases ( 5. 0%) vs. 11 cases (27. 5%) ) (χ2=5. 17,3. 91,7. 44,P=0. 02,<0. 05,<0. 01). Compared with the control group,the treatment group had greater advancement in LVEF,6 min walking distance,BNP and creatinine level at one month after operation ( F=6. 10,63. 60,51. 00,348. 00,P=0. 02,<0. 01,<0. 01,<0. 01) . Conclusion Levosimendan can effectively improve the heart function and renal function, improve the success rate of PCI in patients with ischemic heart failure and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To explore the relationship between the antiviral effect and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA when the patients reach the standard of withdrawal of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Ninety CHB patients treated with interferon(n=44) or nucleot (s) ide(n=46) who reached the standard of withdrawal of antiviral therapy were recruited.HBV DNA levels in PBMCs were tested at the end of treatment,and its relationship with serum HBV DNA level before treatment in PBMC HBV DNA positive group and negative group were compared.The correlation between HBV DNA in PBMCs at the end of treatment and relapse were explored.Measurement data were analyzed by student t test and enumeration data were analyzed by X2 test.Results Among 90 patients,67(74.4%) were PBMC HBV DNA negative at the end of treatment,and 23(25.6%) were positive.The serum HBV DNA positive conversion rate in PBMC HBV DNA negative patients was 13.4%,which were significantly lower than that in positive group (73.9%) (X2=30. 4873, P<0.01 ). There were no significant differences of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels when hepatitis flare (t=0. 8729, P=0. 3913) and relapse time (t=1. 9222, P=0. 0665) between PBMC HBV DNA negative group and positive group after withdrawal of therapy, while the serum HBV DNA rebound was greater in positive group than that in negative group (t=2. 7493, P=0. 0112). There were five patients who achieved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion, whose PBMC HBV DNA were all undetectable, and none relapsed during follow-up for 6-12 months. The pretreatment HBV DNA as level in PBMC HBV DNA positive was (7.2±1.1) lg copy/mL, which was much higher than that in negative group[(5.2±2.1) lg copy/mL] (t=4. 3557, P<0.01). Conclusions In patients who reach the standard of drug withdrawal,PBMC HBV DNA at the end of treatment is an important predictor for durability of antiviral therapy in CHB.

BACKGROUND:The knee joint acts as the body’s largest and most complex joint, which is a commonly seen perplex in patients because of synovium and cartilage diseases. Moreover, clinical physicians are often confused on the ultrasonic diagnosis of synovium and cartilage diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To review the ultrasound misdiagnosed cases of knee cartilage and synovial lesions and to summarize the common misconceptions and discrimination methods.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in the ultrasound misdiagnosed cases of knee cartilage and synovial lesions reported from 2002 to 2014, and then the common misconceptions and corresponding identification methods were summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: High-frequency ultrasound is most likely to have six “mistaken ideas” addressing knee cartilage and synovial lesions: (1) cartilage degeneration; (2) synovial calcification; (3) echo intensity from synovial lesions; (4) blood flow in the synovium; (5) synovial effusion; (6) lesions involving intraarticular structures. High-frequency ultrasound runs through dynamical observation and contrast observation of bilateral knee joint lesions, which is a valuable imaging method for diagnosis of cartilage and synovial diseases based on vigilance at the “mistaken ideas” and mastery of the distinguishing ideas and methods.

OBJECTIVETo analyze and compare vaginal microbiomes in healthy women at child-bearing ages and patients with bacterial vaginosis (BV).

METHODSA total of 74 vaginal swabs of the vaginal fornix were collected from 37 BV patients and 37 healthy women. BV status was assessed according to Amsels clinical criteria for all the subjects and confirmed using Gram-stain criteria (Nugent scores). Genomic DNA of the samples was extracted for amplifying the 16S rRNA V6 hypervariable region by PCR and pyrosequencing by Illumina. BIPES, UCHIME, TSC and GAST were employed to analyze the information of the species from the samples.

RESULTSLactobacillus was the predominant species in healthy women (more than 95%), including mainly L. iners and L. crispatus, with a small quantity of Gardnerella, Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Escherichia and other genus. The α diversity was significantly increased in 30 BV patients (P<0.001), and β diversity also changed obviously shown by decreased Lactobacillus (varying from 45% to 1%, consisting mainly of L. iners) or even absence Lactobacillus in 6 cases, with increased relative abundance of Gardnerella, Prevotella, Granulicatella, Anaerococcus, Parvimonas, Peptoniphilus.harei, Peptostreptococcus, and Dialister. Different from previous data, 7 BV cases showed a predominance of the rare species L.gasseri and L.acidophilus (75% to 50%).

CONCLUSIONLactobacillus is the predominant vaginal species in healthy women (mainly L. iners and L. crispatus) co-existing with many other bacteria and a variety of microorganisms. Lactobacillus is significantly decreased and even absent in most of BV patients, and some cases show the predominance of the rare species L.gasseri and L.acidophilus.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Microbiological Techniques ; Microbiota ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Vagina ; microbiology ; Vaginosis, Bacterial ; microbiology ; Young Adult

The human Gadd45 protein family plays critical roles in DNA repair, negative growth control, genomic stability, cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis. Here we report the crystal structure of human Gadd45γ [corrected], revealing a unique dimer formed via a bundle of four parallel helices, involving the most conserved residues among the Gadd45 isoforms. Mutational analysis of human Gadd45γ [corrected] identified a conserved, highly acidic patch in the central region of the dimer for interaction with the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p21 and cdc2, suggesting that the parallel dimer is the active form for the interaction. Cellular assays indicate that: (1) dimerization of Gadd45γ [corrected] is necessary for apoptosis as well as growth inhibition, and that cell growth inhibition is caused by both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis; (2) a conserved and highly acidic patch on the dimer surface, including the important residues Glu87 and Asp89, is a putative interface for binding proteins related to the cell cycle, DNA repair and apoptosis. These results reveal the mechanism of self-association by Gadd45 proteins and the importance of this self-association for their biological function.
Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; CDC2 Protein Kinase ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Survival ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cyclin B ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Mutation, Missense ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Ultraviolet Rays

The vagina contains at least a billion microbial cells,dominated by lactobacilli.Here we perform metagenomic shotgun sequencing on cervical and fecal samples from a cohort of 516 Chinese women of reproductive age,as well as cervical,fecal,and salivary samples from a second cohort of 632 women.Factors such as pregnancy history,delivery history,cesarean section,and breastfeeding were all more important than menstrual cycle in shaping the microbiome,and such information would be necessary before trying to interpret differences between vagino-cervical micro-biome data.Greater proportion of Bifidobacterium breve was seen with older age at sexual debut.The relative abundance of lactobacilli especially Lactobacillus crispatus was negatively associated with pregnancy history.Potential markers for lack of menstrual regularity,heavy flow,dysmenor-rhea,and contraceptives were also identified.Lactobacilli were rare during breastfeeding or post-menopause.Other features such as mood fluctuations and facial speckles could potentially be predicted from the vagino-cervical microbiome.Gut and salivary microbiomes,plasma vitamins,metals,amino acids,and hormones showed associations with the vagino-cervical microbiome.Our results offer an unprecedented glimpse into the microbiota of the female reproductive tract and call for international collaborations to better understand its long-term health impact other than in the settings of infection or pre-term birth.