It is very difficult to make diagnosis on pediatric rheumatic diseases,because of the great variety of the diseases,being unclear of the etiology and pathogenesis,the complex clinical manifestations involving multiple organ damages.Knowing the classification of pediatric rheumatism,training of thought on systemic diagnosis,exception of infection and tumors,and combining with necessary examinations,might be made correct diagnosis.

By destroying tumor vessels or directly killing tumor cells, high-intensity focused ultrasound ( HIFU) kills tumors or reduces tumor volume and decreases metastasis,lessens patients pain in advanced stage tumors and improves patients life quality. HIFU in combination with other therapies can kill more tumor cells, reduce long-term recurrence rate and achieve synergetic effect. HIFU therapy has many advantages, such as little trauma, small side effects and repeatable treatment and so on.

Of B cells derived from bone marrow hematopoictic stem cells,bone marrow (poultry,as the bursa of fabricius) is a place of B cells development and mature.The growth of B cells can experience from progenitor cell B,pre-B cells,immature B ceils and mature B cells stages in the bone marrow.The differentiation process of B cells can be divided into antigen independ stage and antigen depend stage.CD5 + B1 cells and B10 cells of B cell subsets probably associated with autoimmune disease,B1 cells may play roles of promotion in inflammatory reaction,and B10 cells may suppress autoimmune inflammation.

Objective:To analyze the etiology,clinical manifestations,pathology and prognosis of 87 cases of acute interstitial nephritis in children.Methods:Clinical features and pathological data of 87 patients with AIN admitted in our hospital from October 1996 to October 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Of total 87 cases,64 were infection-associated(73.6%),and respiratory and intestinal infections were most common.The other 23 cases(26.4%) were caused by surgery and other reasons.Renal impairment in 55 cases(60.9%)was medication-associated,especially NSAID and antimicrobials.A total of 35 cases(40.2%)were virus-associated(IgM positive in blood),and among those,EBV was the most common one.Clinical manifestations for all cases were variable ranging from mild proteinuria,hematuria and leucocyturia to accomparied acute renal failure(31/87,35.6%).Renal biopsy was performed in 11 patients.Mononuclear cell infiltration in the renal interstitium with tubular degradation was typical.Crescent was seen in 3 cases.A total of 12 cases(28 person-time) with ARF needed blood puritication(hemodialysis or hemofiltration),1 case was treated with peritoneal dialysis.A majority of patients with ARF had complete recovery,and only 3 of them were treated with steroid in low dosage.Conclusion:Infection and drug associated AIN are common in children.Clinical manifestations are variably ranged,mainly with the change of urine,and the extreme situation is with ARF or multiple organ failure(MOF).Interstitial and tubular damage is typical in pathology.Prevention of infections and reasonable drug administration are keys to the prevention of AIN in children.

Objective To observe the treatment effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.Methods LMWH (0.4～0.6 ml Bid) was used through subcutaneous injection in 36 cases of unstable angina pectoris for 14 days on end.Results The clinical effective rate was 66.67%.The drug was effective in the decreasing of the frequency and time of angina pectoris,and also in the decreasing of nitroglycerin consumption as well as in the improvement of the scope and severity of cardiac ischemia by ECG.Conclusion LMWH is an effective and safe drug for the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.

0.05). In bone defects PeroGlas granales bond to bone and new bone formation were observed 4 weeks after operation. The bone defects were repa ired by new bone 12 weeks after PerioGlas implantation. Conclusion: PerioGlas may induce new bone formation in osseous defects.

Objective To study the clinical manifestations and influencing prognostic factors of children with acute paraquat in-toxication ,and to search for reasonable and effective treatments .Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 68 children with acute paraquat intoxication from March 2005 to June 2012 .According to the amount of toxic dose and clinical symptoms ,all of them were divided into 3 groups ,mild type(22 cases) ,severe type(26 cases) and fulminant type(14 cases) ,retrospective analysis on clinical manifestation ,auxiliary examination and prognosis among the groups and following up the survival of these patients ,the risk factors which may affect the prognosis were explored .Results 66 cases were poisoned by taking orally and the other 2 cases were poisoned by the skin absorption .Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common .Among 68 cases ,6 cases was lost the following up ,20 cases died(32 .26% mortality):all children from mild type survived ;8 patients from severe type and 12 patients from fulmi-nant type(30 .77% ,85 .71% ,mortality respectively ) .As the degree of the clinical classification deteriorated ,the mortality in-creased ,there was statistical signification between each other and so did the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (P<0 .05) .By following up ,children who once passed the acute stage can recovery and the pulmonary fibrosis might be reversed by the chest CT follow-up .The logistic regression analysis indicated that children who had been diagnosed with acute kidney injury and multiple or-gan dysfunction syndrome showed the worse prognosis .Conclusion Acute kidney injury is a very important factor for the short term prognosis of paraquat intoxication ,while pulmonary fibrosis determine the long-term outcomes ,lung injury may be reversed in the course of the disease ,so we should take active treatments .

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of Nogo-A protein in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of inflammatory pain.Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =60 each):control group (group C) and formalin group (group F).The inflammatory pain was induced by injection of 3％ formalin 100 μl into the plantar surface of left hindpaw in group F.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of formalin in group C.Mechanical withdrawal threshold to yon Frey filament stimulation was measured at 1 h and 1,2,3 and 7 days after injection.Twelve rats in each group were chosen at each time point and sacrificed.The L5 DRG and L4,5 segment of spinal cord on the operated side were removed for determination of Nogo-A protein expression by immunofluorescence and Western blot.Remlts Compared with group C,the mechanical withdrawal threshold was significantly decreased at 1 h,1,2,3 and 7 days after injection,and the expression of Nogo-A protein in the DRG and L4,5 segment of spinal cord was up-regulated at 1 h and 2,3 and 7 days after injection in group F (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Up-regulation of Nogo-A protein in the DRG and spinal dorsal horn may play an important role in the development of formalin-induced inflammatory pain in rats.

AIM To investigate the effect of oral roxithromycin on serum concentrations at steady state and its pharmacokinetics of aminophylline in New Zealand rabbits. METHODS The experiment was divided into 2 stages: (Ⅰ) The subjects only received a four-day course of oral aminophylline until steady-state; (Ⅱ) aminophylline and roxithromycin were coadministrated from the d 5～10. After the last dose of aminophylline at the end of each study stage, serum theophylline concentrations were determined with HPLC. RESULTS Compared to stage Ⅰ, AUC、CL/Fs、 K a、 K e、 T 1/2(ka) 、 T max had significantly changed or very significantly changed at stage Ⅱ ( P

Objective To investigate the incidence of thyroid space occupying lesion by ultrasound imaging in patients with breast cancer.Methods From 2009 to 2012,150 patients with breast cancer as experimental group and another 150 patients with breast benign diseases as control group underwent thyroid ultrasound examination.Ultrasound results of the two groups were analyzed to find the differences.Restult More obvious space occupying lesions were found in experimental group than those in control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of thyroid space occupying lesion in the patients with breast cancer is higher than that in the patients with no breast cancer.