[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To establish a perforated whole-cell patch-clamp technique withβ-escin to record L-type cal-cium current (ICa,L) in osteoblasts.METHODS:ROS 17/2.8 is a rat osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cell line.β-escin was applied to the pipette solution to permeabilize the cell membrane and the perforated patch recording mode was obtained. RESULTS:β-escin at concentration of 50μmol/L easily permeabilized the cell membrane and obtained a perforated patch recording mode in 2~7 min.This technique prevented ICa,L rundown and preserved cytoplasmic signaling pathways.CON-CLUSION:β-escin may be used as an alternative ionophore for perforated patch-clamp studies in osteoblasts and results in minimal rundown that could facilitate recordings of ICa,L in osteoblasts.

Objective To approach the value of CT double windows technique in the location of lung X-ray knife.Methods The varying window width(W),window center(C) of peripheral type carcinoma of lung and their error were deltermined.The best double window was chosen and the clinical matherial was analysed.Results (1)The biggest error among different widow widths measuring foci was 7 mm.(2)The best double windows in the location of lung X-ray knife were W1 120~180,C1-700,W2 350,C2 15.(3)34 cases of lung carcinoma were observed with double windows,the outline of foci was contiuous and clear in the 15 cases of peripheral type carcinoma of lung and 8 cases of central type carcinoma of lung without hilum infiltration(67.6%),the inner outline of foci was disappear but could be remedied by mediastinum window in 11 cases of central type carcinoma of lung with hilum infiltration. Conclusion The double widows technique is provied with accuracy and without lack fidelity,and could reflect more condition of peritumour infiltration,it is clear superior to single display technique.

Objective To study the ultrastructural changes of hypertrophic scars and animal wound healing models induced by radionuclide 90 Sr exposure and to get the most effective dosage and time in the prevention and treatment of scars. Methods The clinical hypertrophic scars and animal wound models were exposed using 90 Sr applicator in this study. The exposure doses were 200 800 cGy and 200 4 000 cGy. Then the fibroblastic ultrastructure of the tissues from the experimental and control groups were observed with transmission electron microscope. Results Compared with the control groups, capillaries and fibroblasts obviously increased in small and medium doses (200 600 cGy) groups and fibroblastic function was activated. The fibroblasts decreased and fibroblastic function was inhibited in large dose (800 2 000 cGy) groups. Conclusions Small and medium dose of 90 Sr can accelerate wound healing, and can therefore be used in the treatment of early wounds (2 3 days after wounded) ; large dose of 90 Sr can prevent scars from hyperplasia, and can be used in the wounds of the first week after operation; 1 000 2 000 cGy 90 Sr can cure the old hypertrophic scars or keloids; It is useless that 90 Sr exposes before operation for prevention of scars.The most effective method to prevent scars from hyperplasia is large dose of 90 Sr exposure after operation.

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations and differential diagnosis of benignity and malignancy of appendiceal mucocele.Methods The clinical and imaging data of 31 pathologically confirmed appendiceal mucocele were analyzed retrospectively,in which simple mucocele and mucinous cystadenoma were devided into benign group;low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm(LAMN) was devided into borderline group;mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was devided into malignant group.The CT manifestations were analyzed and compared statisticallyl in size(long diameter and short diameter), cyst wall(thickness, evenness, smoothness), intra-cystic contents(mural nodules, septum, calcification, intra-cystic fliud density), periappendiceal fat stranding, intraperitoneal free fluid and pseudomyxoma peritonei.Sensitivity and specificity values were calculated if single or multiple CT manifestations were used.Results Of the 31 cases of mucocele of the appendix, 11 of them were in benign group (including 8 cases of simple mucocele and 3 cases of mucinous cystadenoma);14 cases in borderline group (LAMN) and 6 cases in malignant group (mucinous cystadenocarcinoma).CT findings including evenness and smoothness of cyst wall, mural nodule, intraperitoneal free fluid and pseudomyxoma peritonei showed statistically significant difference among three groups (P<0.05).When combined with any four of the five signs, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignant mucocele were 83% and 88% respectively.But no significantly difference were found among the three groups(P>0.05) in long diameter and short diameter of mucocele, attenuation of intraluminal contents, maximal wall thickness, calcifications, internal septa and periappendiceal fat stranding.

Karyotyping analysis is a classical cytogenetic method for the prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal aberrations. In order to standardize fetal chromosomal karyotyping analysis and adapt to the development of medical genetics technology, the Committee for the Prevention and Control of Birth Defect, Chinese Association of Preventive Medicine has organized the formulation of this guideline. The content has covered general requirements and standards for the analysis of fetal chromosomal karyotypes, analysis of chromosomal mosaicisms, and methods for determining the resolution of G-banding, etc., with the purpose to serve the clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the false-positive results of Treponema pallidum antibody caused by 3 different assay in comparison with Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA).Methods Research group included 3957 clinically asymptomatic syphilis patients,and control group was 344 outpatients with sex-transmitted diseases (STD).The serum samples from the patients who were TPHA-positive were tested in parallel by enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and syphilis toluidine red untreated serum test (TRUST).Western blot (WB) was performed as confirmatory test.Results In the clinically asymptomatic patients,60 were TPHA-positive.Among them 57 were confirmed by western blot assay,and 1 was false-positive and 2 were borderline in WB.Of the 60 TPHA-positive patients,53 were positive in EIA and 23 were positive in TRUST.In STD patients 40 were TPHA,WB and EIA-positive but 32 were TRUST-positive.Conclusions The results of TPHA and EIA were consistent for diagnosis of syphilis patients who may suffer from previous or latent infection.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and clinical efficacy of low field phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography(PC-MRA),CTA and 3D-DSA in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease.Methods 70 patients with clinically suspected cerebrovascular diseases were examined with PC-MRA,CTA and 3D-DSA.The sensitivity in detecting the cerebrovascular disease with these three methods were compared.Results Fifty-one patients were detected with cerebrovascular diseases in seventy patients by three imaging methods,including 36 aneurysms in 33 cases and 18 arteriovenous amlformations.33,34 and 35 aneurysms,17,16 and 18 arteriovenous malformations were detected by PC-MRA , CTA and 3D-DSA respectively , the sensitivity were 91.67% and 94.44%,94.44% and 88.89%,97.22% and 100% respectively.There were no significant difference in the sensitivity of detecting aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation between these three imaging methods(P＞0.05).Conclusion PC-MRA,CTA and 3D-DSA are no of difference in diagnosis of cerebrovascular malformation.

Objective To observe the distribution of the neuropeptides in mouse sublingual gland. Method Using immunohistochemical ABC method. Results The striated duct cells in the sublingual gland showed somatostatin and calcitonin gene related peptide immunoreactivity positive which were in the cytoplasma, but the nucleus negative.Conclusion The striated duct cells in mouse sublingual gland also contained neuropetides; which may play an important role in regulating acinar secretion and blood supply.

In vitro cell culture of head and neck tumors and chemosensitivity test to select sensitivity antitumor bogs for individual chemotherapy. Methods:The chemosensitivity of 32 fresh specimens of human head and neck tumors were tested with MTT assay and eight atitumor drugs． Results:The sensitivity was 84.4% for 5-Fu, 2l.9% for VCR, 62.5% for MTX, 8l.3% for BLM, 8l.3% for DDP, 40.6% for ADM, 65.6% for PYM and 3.l% for CTX． The results of chemotherapy with sensitivity drugs of 32 patients were encouraged． There were no serious side-effects in the chemotherapy and no recurrence and metastasis after the treatment． 32 patients were still alive． Conclusion: Chemosensitivity test of tumor cell lines with MTT assay was accuracy， fast，simple，ecoromical，effective method and was valuable for chemotherapy．

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) co-infection.Methods A retrospective study was conducted with the clinical data of patients diagnosed with AIDS and TB in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center during the period from 2011 to 2015.The outcome of the patients were evaluated by outpatient and telephone follow-up.The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis using SPSS 22.0 software package.Results A total of 359 patients with AIDS/TB co-infection were included in this analysis,including 325 males and 34 females,the highest proportion in 30-44 age group.The diagnosis was delayed in about 42.6％ of the patients.The clinical symptoms were mainly fever,cough and weight loss,but hemoptysis uncommon.Both lungs were affected in most cases,with lesions in at least 3 lung fields,but rare pulmonary cavity.T-SPOT.TB test showed lower positive rate.CD4+T lymphocyte count was 50 cells/μL or less in 50.7％ of the patients at their first test.About 43.5％ of the 69 patients with antimicrobial susceptibility data showed resistance to therapy.Majority (93.2％) of the patients with known viral status received antiretroviral treatment.Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was identified in 282 cases.The complication and opportunistic infection included central nervous system infection,syphilis,hepatitis B virus infection,hepatitis C virus infection,pulmonary infection,and drug-induced liver injury.Of the 333 patients with known outcome,53 died,most (79.2％,42/53) within 6 months.Conclusions The patients with AIDS/TB co-infection showed higher proportion of young people.The CT finding was atypical.The patients showed lower positive rate for T-SPOT TB test and lower CD4+T lymphocyte count at their first test.Most patients had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and other complications or opportunistic infections.