OBJECTIVE To know the rational use of antibiotic and give evidence to improve the application management on drug-using in hospital. METHODS Totally 824 cases of old age patients in Jan to Sep 2002 were investigated retrospectively,and the usage of antibiotic in different departments was analyzed. RESULTS In 824 cases reported,405 cases used antibiotic and accounted for 49.15%,From them 139 cases(16.89%) were for single-drug therapy,328 cases(39.81%) for dual-drug therapy,357 cases(43.33%) were for multidurg combination therapy.Intravenous drip was the major route of administration and accounted for more than 70%. CONCLUSIONS The use of antibiotic is rational on the whole,but the antibiotic used is not always necessary and the time for prevention is too long.It must control the application of antibiotic and grasp the principle of antibiotic usage and give evidence to improve the application management on drug-using in hospital.

Objective:To understand the efficacy of gene hepatitis B vaccine associated with hepatitis B immune globulin on interrupting the mather-infant transmission of HBV and to explore the most effective immunotherapy plan.Methods:A total of 99 cases of HBsAg-positive pregnant women were chosen as investigation objects,which were then divided into test and control groups by various testing period.According to the different vaccination ways of hepatitis B vaccine,test groups were divided into Group A(muscular injection way)and Group B(intradermal injection way).Pregnant women in the test groups were intramuscularly injected with HBIG of 200IU at week 28,32 and 36 of gestation;the neonates were intramuscularly injected with HBIG of 200IU at postnatal 4 h,and on the 15th and 30th day and vaccinated gene Hepatitis B vaccine of 5 ?g at birth date,a month and six months after birth respectively.Control group were routinely inoculated by hepatitis B vaccine.HBsAg and anti-HBs in the serum were monitored by following-up the children for five years.Results:The blocking rate of mother-infant transmission of HBV in test group was 98.36%,however,the blocking rate of control group was 83.33%(P0.05).The blocking rate in HBeAg and HBsAg-positive group was 77.78%,but,in HBsAg-positive group,the blocking rate was 97.26%(P

Objective:To explore the association between attempted suicide and polymrhism of intron 2 in serotonin transporter and polymrhism of serotonin transporter(5-HTTLPR).Methods:Using the technique of polymerase chain reaction(PCR),the variable number of tandem repeat polymorphism(5-HTTVNTR)and 5-HTTLPR was determined in 71 patients with attempted suicide subjects and 80 control subjects.The allelic and genetypes distributions in two groups were compared.Results:There were no significant differences in intron 2-VNTR genotype and allele frequency distributions between attempted suicide and healthy control subjects(?2= 1.08,P=0.58;?2=0.99,P=0.32).The frequencies of allele S were significantly higher in suicides attempted suicide patients with psychiatric disorder(85.1%)than in normal controls(72.5%)and suicides without psychiatric disorde(r69.1%)(?2=4.49,P=0.04;?2=5.21,P=0.03).Conclusion:The results suggested that the polymrhism of intron 2 of 5-HTT gene no associated with attempted suicide in the Han nationality.But the presence of 5-HTTLPR alleles S may increase the risk for attempted suicide.

Objective:To explore the stressful life events and coping style in high school graduate students.Methods:604 students were assessed with ASLEC (Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List),WOC (Way of Coping).Results:There was different in other agents of ASLEC and coping style between male and female.Conclusion:Students facing National Examination for college adimition need psychological help.

Objective To observe the effect of low-dose dexamethasone in the treatment of neonatal meconium aspiration pneumonia and its influence on inflammatory cytokines.Methods 60 cases with neonatal meconium aspiration pneumonia were randomly divided into observation group and control group,30 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional treatment,the observation group was given low-dose dexamethasone treatment on the basis of the control group.Both groups had been treated for 3d,first ld 0.5mg/kg,2d 0.25mg/kg,3d 0.1 mg/kg.After 7 days,blood gas indicators and serum IL-6,IL-8,TNF2awere detected,the clinical efficacy was evaluated,the time of oxygen requirement and length of stay were recorded.Results The total effective rate of observation group and control group was 96.67％ (29/30) and 76.67％ (23/30) (x2 =6.497,P ＜ 0.05).The indicators of the observation group were significantly better than the control group,the average oxygen total time of the observation group and the control group was (6.1 ± 1.7) d and (10.2 ± 2.4) d (t =5.673,P ＜ 0.01).IL-6,IL-8,TNF2a of observation group and control group after treatment were (1.21 ±0.16) μg/L vs(3.07 ±0.24) μg/L,(1.13 ±0.14) μg/L vs (2.42 ± 0.33) μg/L,(2.61 ± 0.24) vs (4.07 ± 0.41) (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The low-dose dexamethasone can reduce inflammatory cytokines levels and lung inflammation reaction,improve gas exchange,shorten the the aerobic time and the length of hospital stay,improve the short-term effect.

The ethical review of new drugs has already been developed in China,and played an important role in the right protection of the subject.To ensure the right of the subject is fully protected,it should be improved in the aspects of constructing a certification system of the ethics committee,maintaining independence and performing informed consent completely.

ObjectiveTo study the mechanism by which antidepressant works on vascular endothelial cell growth factor(VEGF) in rat hippocampus of depression model.MethodsForty SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 5 groups: stress+fluoxetine,stress+tianeptine,stress,stress+normal sodium,blank matched control.We adopted separation and chronic unpredicted mild stress to establish depression in all rats except those in blank matched control group,and the behavior of all animals was evaluated by open-field and fluid consumption test.VEGF expression was detected by immunohistochemisty after intragastric administration respectively with fluoxetine,tianeptine or normal sodium for 30 d.ResultsVEGF expression in hippocampus was decreased in all stress groups compared with control group(P

Hepatic encephalopathy is one of the most common complications of liver failure and has a high incidence in hospitalized patients. Most patients with hepatic encephalopathy have varying degrees of malnutrition.In recent years,more and more clinical trials have confirmed that the nutritional support therapy is beneficial to patients with hepatic encephalopathy,and more attention has been paid to nutritional ther-apy.This paper introduces the pathogenesis of malnutrition in hepatic encephalopathy,and reviews the methods for nutrition evaluation and nutritional therapy in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.

In view of the particularity of medical experiments,it's essential to improve the quality of medical university project and prevent academic misconduct for the authenticity and standardization of the experimental records.The paper discusses some solutions to these problems in standardization and management criterion of medical experimental records,and recommends the evaluation criterion of Capital Medical University for medical experimental records.

Objective To study the clinical features ,the high risk features ,the treatments and the outcomes of chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary disease(COPD) patients combined with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) .Methods The clinical dates of 48 COPD patients combined with IPA were retrospectively analyzed .Results The clinical manifestations of 48 COPD patients com-bined with IPA were dyspnea ,lung rales ,chest pain ,cough ,cough phlegm ,fever .Radiological findings were presented as pulmonary inflammatory exudation ,consolidation ,cavity of lungs .The treatments were effective in 16 cases ,ineffective in 32 cases .Conclusion Early diagnosis and treatment is important in COPD patients combined with IPA .