Objective To evaluate effects of transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization(TACE)on spoutaneoua rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma(SRHC).Methods Emergent hepatic arterial catheterization was performed in 38 cases of SRHC,using sponge gelatin,iodized oil and PVA tO embolize blooding arterial branch.Results Blooding was completely cortrolled by TACE in 35 eases,of which one patient died of severe hypohepatia and renal insufficiency 3 days later,and two patients died of misdiagnosis,35 patients remained to be alive after 3 months.33 patients remained to be alive after 6 months.28 patients remained to be alive after 12 months.Conclusion Arterial embolization is a good method for treating SRHC,especially to the patients which could not completdy removal the cancer,its eftect is superior to other surgical operation for hemostasia.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare double-layer sustained release ornidazole films and investigate its release rate in vitro.METHODS: The double-layer sustained release ornidazole films film were prepared by the method of homogenate.The formula of the films were optimized by orthogonal experiment with the mass ratio of polyviol to CMC-Na(factor A),the total amount of polyviol and CMC-Na(B) and the amount of glycerol(C) as factors.The concentration of ornidazole was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and its release rate was also computed.RESULTS: The double-layer sustained release film was well-shaped.The optimized formula of the film was as follows: factor A=1∶1,B=4.5 g,C=4.0 g.The standard curve of ornidazole was linear within a range of 1～20 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 5,n=6),with an average recovery of 100.3%(RSD=1.3%,n=5).A continuous releasing of 11.0 hours was achieved for the prepared films and its cumulative release amount in vitro within 8 hours reached 81.50%.CONCLUSIONS: The preparative method of the films was simple,and the film had a slow-release property.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare aciclovir multivesicular liposomes of high encapsulation efficiency and good stability. METHODS: Aciclovir multivesicular liposomes were prepared by multiple emulsion method. The preparation technology was optimized by orthogonal experiment with entrapment efficiency as index and the amount of lubricant glyceryl trioleate (A),drug/lipid ratio (B),pH of buffer solution (C) and the amount of tween-80 (D) as factors. The concentration of the aciclovir was determined by the UV spectrophotometry and the entrapment efficiency of the aciclovir multivesicular liposomes was computed. The change of the entrapment efficiency of the optimized preparations within 7 days in different conditions was investigated and the leaking rate was computed. RESULTS: The optimal technology was as follows: A 0.50 g,B 5∶150,C 6.5 and D 0.40 g. The entrapment efficiency of the aciclovir multivesicular liposomes was 85.82% and the leaking rate was 5.84% within 7 days under common temperature. CONCLUSIONS: The preparation technology of the aciclovir multivesicular liposomes is simple and the preparation is of high entrapment efficiency and good stability under common temperature.

Objective To investigate outcomes of different surgical approaches for treating cases of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine.Methods The study involved 26 cases of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine treated surgically from December 2002 to January 2012,including 19 males and 7 females with age ranging from 27 to 62 years (average 39 years).According to the AO classification,there were 12 cases of type B3.1,three of type B3.2,two of type C2.1,three of type C3.1,and six of type C3.2.Preoperative spinal cord function graded by Frankel criteria was six cases of grade A,five of grade B,seven of grade C,six of grade D,and two of grade E.Conventional skull traction was done for all patients before operation.Vertebral cannal decompression and interbody fusion through anterior,posterior or anterior-posterior approaches were determined according to type of fracture dislocation and severity of spinal cord injury.Radiography was performed regularly after operation to review the correction of dislocation,restoration of vertebral height,and interbody fusion.Spinal cord function was also evaluated postoperatively.Results No large blood vessel injury or aggravation of spinal cord injury occurred intraoperatively.There were no complications of incision infection,leakage of cerebrospinal fluid,herniation of bone graft or implant breakage postoperatively.All cases obtained successful correction of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine as well as the recovery of cervical sequence,physiological curvature,and vertebral height in the 12 to 24 months of follow-up (average 16 months).Bony fusion was obtained for all cases at postoperative 3-6 months (average 3.5 months).Spinal function evaluated by Frankel criteria at the latest follow-up showed was grade A in six cases,grade B in three,grade C in five,grade D in five and grade E in seven,with different degree of improvement for all cases.Conclusions Operative approaches should be selected according to the specific status of fracture and dislocation of the lower cervical spine.Anterior approach can be performed for vertebral or intervertebral disc injury straightly and the procedure handles cervical instability immediately.Posterior surgical approach can be used to settle dislocation and interlocking of the articular process directly,but the intervertebral disc injury should be ruled out simultaneously in order to avoid further injury of spinal cord during the reduction process.Combined anterior and posterior surgical approach can be applied to treat fracture and dislocation of lower cervical spine and intervertebral disc injury concurrently but has high risk and large operation wound.

This paper proposes a media access control (MAC) layer design for wireless body area network (WBAN) systems. WBAN is a technology that targets for wireless networking of wearable and implantable body sensors which monitor vital body signs, such as heart-rate, body temperature, blood pressure, etc. It has been receiving attentions from international organizations, e. g. the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), due to its capability of providing efficient healthcare services and clinical management. This paper reviews the standardization procedure of WBAN and summarizes the challenge of the MAC layer design. It also discusses the methods of improving power consumption performance, which is one of the major issues of WBAN systems.
Equipment Design ; Health Services Accessibility ; trends ; Healthcare Disparities ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation ; Wireless Technology

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of fludarabine cytarabine and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (FLAG) chemotherapy on adult relapsed or refractory adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients.Methods Twenty adult patients with relapsed or refractory ALL were treated with salvage therapy which was combined of fludarabine,cytarabine and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (FLAG).Another 20 cases in control group were treated with primal induction regimen and idamycin combined with etoposide and high-dose methylprednisolone.Sides effects of 2 groups were compared and FCM was used to investigate the cells with leukemia associated with immunophenotype,final comparing with bone marrow morphology.Results Hematologic toxicity was similar both in the treatment group and control group.Nonhematology complications consisted of heart and liver toxicity (1/20 and 9/20) were weaker than those in control group (4/20 and 1/20),which were mild to moderate and could be alleviated with supportive therapy.The median overall survival was no significant difference between both sides,eights patients (40.0 ％) who achieved complete remission received salvage therapy,the disease-free survival and the median overall survival were 6 months (range 4-30 months) and 11 months (range 9-30 months),respectively.Seven patients (35.0 ％) achieved complete remission in the treatment group,the disease-free survival and the median overall survival were 4 months (range 3-30 months) and 9 months (range 9-30 months) for 7 patients,respectively.In the treatment group early recurrence [5.0 ％ (1/20)] and outside marrow of recurrence rate (0)were lower than in control group [20.0 ％ (4/20) and 10.0 ％ (2/20)].Conclusion FLAG is a well-tolerated regimen for adult relapsed or refractory ALL patients which enables patients to receive allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Objective To explore the hospitalization costs of patients with diabetic foot ulcer and analyze key influencing factors.Methods A total of 570 diabetic foot inpatients were recruited from January 2008 to March 2012 for analysis of the relationship between their hospitalization costs and clinical symptoms.The multifactor regression analysis model was used to identify main influencing factors for their hospitalization costs.Results The medical costs of such inpatients amounted to 1 9 825.6 yuan (12 476.6~32 745.9)yuan,while average hospitalization costs of the 3 401 diabetic patients admitted over the same period were but 9 757.1 yuan (6 282.1 ~ 1 5 723.7 )yuan,a difference of statistic significance.The single-factor analysis found statistical differences from the differences of hospitalization among various age,occupation,dorsal artery of foot,B ultrasound of lower extremity arteries,wagner classification,amputation,transfer,leucocyte,hemoglobin,serum albumin,serum creatinine and high density lipoprotein.Multifactor analysis found that the significant factors influencing the medical costs of inpatients were days of stay,albumin,wagner classification,dorsal artery of foot,leucocyte and age. Conclusion Hypoalbuminemia,high stage of wagner classification,weak or absent pulsation of foot dorsal artery,severe infection and aging were significant factors contributing to higher medical costs of hospitalization for patients with diabetic foot ulcer.

Objective To investigate the antitumor immunity induced by tumor derived mixed heat shock protein/peptide(mHSPs),interleukin-12(IL-12)and Cyclophosphamide(Cy).MethodsPurified mixed HSP was prepared from tumor by S180 protein extraction and purification,SDS-PAGE,Western blot and animal experiment were applied for mixed HSPs analysis.ResultsThe proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)cocultured in the mHSPs+Cy+IL-12 group was significantly remarkable and the content of CD8+ CTLs was significantly more in comparison with the other groups(P<0.01).To the tumor bearing mice,mHSPs+Cy+IL-12 group showed partial therapeutic efficacy,the averaged survival period was over 60 d,and 90% of the mice in this group got long period tumor free survival(>90d),obvious difference(P<0.05)from the other groups.ConclusionTumor derived mixed HSPs can induce powerful antitumor immune efficacy and show favorable therapeutic efficacy.

Objective To evaluate whether individualized dosage regimen based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is beneficial for improving the rate of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) reaching the standard and anti-infection efficacy. Methods Totally, 36 cases in the intensive care unit ( ICU ) of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital using meropenem during January 2015 to December 2015 were collected, and divided into intervention group and control group. Results On the fourth day of administration, meropenem concentration in intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (22.5 μgmL-1 and 17.5 μgmL-1, respectively, P=0.007).With minimal inhibitory concentration (Cmin)>8 μgmL-1 serving as target, the rate of reaching the standard was both 22. 2% on day 2, 100. 0% and 72. 2% on day 4 in intervention group and control group, respectively (P=0.015). With minimal inhibitory concentration (Cmin) >32 μgmL-1 serving as target, the rate of reaching the standard was both 0 on day 2, 38. 9% and 5. 5% on day 4 in intervention group and control group, respectively (P=0.015). The clinical curative rate of the intervention group and control group was 83.3% and 72.2%, respectively (P=0.437), and the failure rate was 16.7% and 27.8%, respectively.Bacteria clearance rate was 88.9%and 55.5% in the intervention group and control group, respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion Individualized dosage regimen based on TDM in ICU patients is beneficial to improving the rate of PK/PD reaching the standard and anti-infection efficacy.

Objective:To study the inhibitory effect of CPT combined with 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu), Oxaliplatin(L-OHP) on gastric carcinoma cells in vitro. Methods:MGC823 and SGC7901 gastric carcinoma cell lines were selected for culture and passage. The two cell lines were distributed into blank control group, CPT group, 5-Fu group, L-OHP group, 5-Fu+ CPT group and L-OHP+ CPT group. The blank control group was not given any drugs, CPT group was given CPT 1 000 μg/ml 2-fold dilution until 0.004 μg/ml; 5-Fu group was given 5-Fu 2.5×10 6 ng/ml 10-fold dilution until 2.5×10 -4 ng/ml; L-OHP group was given L-OHP 1 000 μg/ml 2-fold dilution up to 0.002 μg/ml; 5-Fu+ CPT group was given 5-Fu step concentration 2.5×10 6 ng/ml 10-fold dilution up to 2.5×10 -8 ng/ml, and combined with CPT 300 ng/ml; L-OHP+ CPT group was given a 2-fold dilution of L-OHP step concentration 1 000 μg/ml up to 0.24 μg/ml and combined with CPT 300 ng/ml. The inhibition effect of cells after drug action was detected. The 50% inhibitive concentration (IC 50) of medicines and the synergistic effect of the combined drugs were analyzed. The measurement data were expressed as Mean ± standard deviation ( Mean± SD), and the t-test was used for comparison between groups. Results:The inhibition rate of 5-Fu+ CPT group was significantly higher than that of 5-Fu group, the differences in MGC823 and SGC7901 cell lines were statistically significant ( P=0.002, 0.009). The inhibition rate of L-OHP+ CPT group was also significantly higher than that of L-OHP group, the differences in MGC823 and SGC7901 cell lines were statistically significant ( P=0.037, 0.040). Compared with 5-Fu+ L-OHP group, IC 50 value of 5-Fu+ CPT group and L-OHP+ CPT group decreased significantly, the differences in MGC823 and SGC7901 cell lines were statistically significant (all P<0.001). The survival fraction of 5-Fu and L-OHP combined with CPT on the two cell lines was lower than 70%, which was estimated by Weeb coefficient. Conclusions:The combination of 5-Fu, L-OHP and CPT can significantly improved the inhibitory effect on MGC823 and SGC7901 cell lines. 5-Fu, L-OHP and CPT had good synergistic effect.