Objective To study the clinical characteristic of non puerperal mastitis and estimate the effect of anti-mycobacterial agents for non puerperal mastitis .Methods 22 cases of periductal mastitis and gran-ulomatous mastitis receiving anti-mycobacteria drugs therapy from Mar .2012 to Mar.2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All patients were female.The mean age was 30 years(ranging from 24 to 46 years).The main clinical manifestation of the 22 patients were 18 patients(81.8%)with mass, 20 patients(90.9%)with abscess, 15 patients(68.2%)with fistula and 9 patients(40.9%)with all of the above 3 symptoms.6 patients had incision and drainage of abscess and 2 patients had tumor resection before anti-mycobacterial therapy .All of the 8 patients had postoperative recurrence .All patients underwent anti-mycobacterial therapy with 3 to 16 months.11 cases (50.0%)patients were cured without recurrence until now .7 cases(31.8%) patients were improved markedly and they still received drug treatment .2 cases(9.0%)patients with tumor size reduced to 2 cm were ready to sur-gical resection.2 cases(9.0%)were lost to follow-up.Conclusion Patients with refractory non puerperal masti-tis can be treated with anti-mycobacterial agents with relatively long treatment time and can also avoid mastecto-my.