Objective:To investigate the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs)in dental postgraduates.Methods:271 dental postgraduates majoring in five different specialties(orthodontics,prosthodontics,endodontics,periodontics and alveolar surgery) with average (2.78 ±1 .57)years of clinical practice were recruited.254 age-matched non-dental postgraduates were served as the controls.The standardized Nordic questionnaire on MSDs and a self-report questionnaire regarding correlative factors were answered. Reliability of the responses was assessed by applying test-retest method.Results:The test-retest method revealed a high reliability of participants'answers with the intraclass correlation coefficient ranging from 0.89 to 0.96.Dental postgraduates had significantly higher incidence (85.6%)of MSDs than the controls(70.4%).In all included dental specialties,high prevalence of MSDs was reported at neck (47.5%-69.8%),followed by shoulders (50.8%-65.1 %),lowerback (27.1 %-51 .2%)and upper back (25.6%-46.5%).Meanwhile,the high prevalence of MSD varied in different specialties.Year of clinical work,clinical hours per week and desk hours per week were found to be the risk factors for MSDs,whereas physical exercise and rest were protective factors.Conclu-sion:MSDs with high prevelence and distinct specialty-related characteristics initiate at the early stage of dental career.Relevant measures to prevent and protect against MSDs should be taken during school-days.

Pulpitis and periapical periodontitis is a type of bacterial infectious disease, and bacteria frequently plant in the entire root canal system during the terminal stage. Main clinical treatment strategy of the disease requires root canal therapy, a key and core procedure for the successful treatment by thoroughly removing the root canal infection. The premise and guarantee of thoroughly removing root canal infection is by determining the accurate root canal working length. However, introduction of the complexity of the apical root anatomical structure, the confusion in determining the position of apical stop, and the method to determine the root canal working length. methods of accurately determining root canal working length, especially determining the position of apical stop, has been a hot topic among endodontic specialists, frequently causing confusion among many clinicians. This review provides a brief
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Periapical Periodontitis ; Pulpitis ; Root Canal Preparation ; Root Canal Therapy ; Tooth Root

Objective To analyze the clinical infection distribution and drug resistance status of 442 strains of Escherichia coli to provide the basise for the treatment of Escherichia coli infection and the control of nosocomial infection.Methods The clinically submitted various kinds of specimens during 2013 were performed the bacterial culture and identification.The susceptibility of Escherichia coli to commonly used bacterial drugs were detected by adopting the MIC method.The data were analyzed by WHO-NET V5.5 and SPSS V13.0 softwares.Results 442 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from the middle urine and secretion. The detection rate of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli was 61.3%.442 strains of Escherichia coli had the high resistance to peni-cillins,cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones,better sensitivity toβ-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor compounds and highest sensitivity to carbapenems.ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli had the higher resistance to commonly used antibacterial drugs than non-ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli .Conclusion The drug resistance of Escherichia coli is severe.ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli are u-sually resistant to many different types of antimicrobial drugs.Carbapenems are the first choice to treatment of severe infections of Escherichia coli .

OBJECTIVETo prepare CIT microemulsion and to investigate its properities and the absorption character in rat intestine in situ.

METHODThe optimum formulation of the blank microemulsion was selected by pseudo tertiary phase diagrams and the CIT microemulsion was prepared based on the blank microemulsion. The appearance, particle diameter distribution and Zeta potential were investigated by electron microscopy and grainsize analyzer. The entrapment efficiency was determined by sephadex column chromatography. An in situ single pass intestine perfusion method was used to investigate the intestinal absorption of CIT microemulsion. HPLC method for determination of CIT in the intestinal flux was established.

RESULTThe formulation was OP-glycerol-water-ethylis oleas (3:3:4:2). CIT microemulsion in electron microscopy was consisted of small spherical drop. The mean diameter was 61.7 nm, Zeta potential was -46.3 mV. The Entrapment efficiency was (92.1 +/- 1.74)% (n=3). Both CIT and CIT microemulsion had been absorbed in general intestinal tract,and the absorption of CIT microemulsion was significantly high compared with CIT in duodenum, colon, jejunum and ileum (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe preparation technology of CIT microemulsion was feasible,and the microemulsion system might improve the absorption of CIT in the intestinal tract.

Animals ; Drug Compounding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Intestinal Absorption ; Models, Animal ; Particle Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of myocardial injury (MI) in patients with sepsis.Methods Totally 160 patients with sepsis in April 2016 to December 2017,divided into the MI group and non-MI group.The clinical data laboratory findings and ultrasonic cardiographic findings were recorded and compared between the two groups.Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find the independent risk factors of/MI in patients with sepsis.Results Total of 160 patients with sepsis 75 (46.9％) patients developed MI.The MI group had older age and more patients with history of hypertension than the non-MI group (P＜0.05).In patients with sepsis,diastolic dysfunction accounted for 84.1％,systolic dysfunction accounted for 4.3％,and ventricular wall dyskinesia accounted for 17.3％.Compared with the non-MI group,the MI group had more abnormal wall motion (9.6％ vs 25.8％,P=0.012),lower interventricular septal amplitude (0.87±0.16 vs 0.80±0.21,P=0.03) and left ventricular posterior wall amplitude (1.03±0.21 vs 0.96±0.18,P=0.034),and decreased fractional shortening (P=0.033).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age (RR=1.033,P=0.018) and decreased fractional shortening (RR=0.000,P=0.024) were independent risk factors of MI in patients with sepsis.Conclusions Age and decreased fractional shortening were independent risk factors of myocardial injury in patients with sepsis.

Objective To investigate the influence of different prompt measures on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) chest compressions in the standardized training of residents in Chinese medicine hospitals. Methods There were 84 participants who were the first year standardized training residents recruited from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese medicine during July to August 2016, and eleven of them were excluded because of incomplete chest compression data collected from the feedback system. Finally, 73 participants being volunteers were enrolled. They were divided randomly into phone metronome group (n = 16), music metronome group (n = 15), depth display group (n = 22), and blank control group (n = 20). In phone metronome group, a mobile phone metronome was applied in the duration of CPR, with a frequency of 110 beats per minute, beat 2/4; in the music metronome group, it was accompanied by the music Staying Alive during the compression period, with frequency of 107 beats per minute, beat 4/4; in depth display group, a model electronic displayer was used in the duration of the compressions to feedback the real time compression depth and its rebound situation in CPR; there was no any intervention measure in blank control group. Each participant performed 5 cycles of CPR on a manikin. A chest compression feedback device was placed on the pressing point, on which the participants places the hand for CPR. The chest compression fraction 1 (CCF1), compression depth, compression rate, too slow frequency, too fast frequency, too shallow frequency, the total times of compressions, the correct times of compressions, correct rate, and the rate of compression retention were record as preliminary evaluation data by using the dual sensor and the pressure sensor built in the chest compression feedback device. At the same time, the correct compression ratio, correct ventilation ratio, the chest compression fraction 2 (CCF2) displayed on the human electronic displayer of the manikin were used as the review criteria. The quality of chest compression among the four groups of volunteers was compared. Results The compression rate and the too fast frequency in the depth display group were significantly higher than those in the music metronome group [compression rate (bpm): 140.59±17.90 vs. 124.27±21.43, the too fast frequency (times): 134.18±49.88 vs. 95.40±53.76, both P < 0.05], and the total compression times in depth display group were significantly higher than either in music metronome group or in blank control group (times: 152.73±27.05 vs. 135.60±10.38, 144.60±12.56, all P < 0.05), the rate of compression retention in depth display group was significantly higher than that in blank control group [37.50% (4.75%, 88.25%) vs. 12.00% (2.75%, 47.00%)]. Consistency detection of two sets of feedback systems for chest compression showed that the chest compression ratio in music metronome group evaluated by the chest compression feedback device was obviously lower than that assessed by the analog human electronic displayer [(53.60±9.87)% vs. (58.20±28.17)%], and it was suggested that the chest compression ratio in depth display group evaluated by the chest compression feedback device be markedly higher than that assessed by the analog human electronic displayer [(56.32±7.77)% vs. (43.86±27.63)%, P < 0.05], and it was shown that the correct rates of chest compression assessed by the chest compression feedback device were significantly lower than those evaluated by the analog human electronic displayer in metronome, music, depth and blank control groups [phone metronome group: 0.00% (0.00%, 60.75%) vs. 38.50% (24.25%, 92.00%), music metronome group: 0.00% (0.00%, 7.00%) vs. 60.00% (32.00%, 89.00%), depth display group: 0.00% (0.00%, 0.25%) vs. 34.00% (20.75%, 68.25%), blank control group: 0.00% (0.00%, 1.75%) vs. 61.50% (30.75%, 84.25%), all P < 0.05], suggesting that the consistency of this two feedback systems be poor and their degrees of reliability low. Conclusion The effects of intervention measures on the quality of chest compressions vary from person to person, and the quality of chest compressions can be really elevated only by systematic training and repeated practice.

Palatal radicular groove leads to severe endo-periodontal lesion in lateral incisors. The groove occurs on the labial and lingual root surfaces, while the localized periodontal pocket develops along the lingual groove length. The complicated root canal system, extensively destroyed bone lamella, and persistent fistula pose a challenge for root canal therapy, tooth retention, and thorough infection control inside and outside of the root canal. Combining microscopic root canal therapy with intentional replantation and nano-biomaterial application facilitates infection control, tooth retention, and formation of newly periodontal attachment.

Objective:To evaluate the value of endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) dynamic changes in predicting myocardial injury and prognosis in patients with sepsis.Methods:A total of 160 sepsis patients admitted to the emergency department of Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July 2017 to January 2019 were selected and divided into the myocardial injury(MI) group ( n=75) and the non-myocardial injury (NMI) group ( n=85) according to whether there was myocardial injury. The plasma EDLF concentration was tested on the 1 st, 3 rd and 7 th day after admission. The predictive factors of MI and 90-days outcome were evaluated by logistics regression analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the prognostic value of EDLF concentration on the 90 days after admission for sepsis. Results:Septic patients with MI had increased levels of myocardial enzymes, decreased left ventricular fractional shortening index (FS) and interventricular septum (IVS) amplitude and abnormal wall motion, when compared to NMI patients (all P<0.05). EDLF concentration on the 7 th day in the MI group was significantly lower than in the NMI group ( P=0.019). Logistic regression showed that EDLF 7 th was an independent protective factor for MI and 90-day mortality in sepsis respectively ( OR=0.964, 95% CI: 0.934-0.994, P=0.021; OR=0.931, 95% CI: 0.871-0.995, P=0.036). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis suggested that EDLF 7 th concentration <26.7 pmol/L was an independent predictor of 90-day mortality in patients with sepsis ( HR=4.601, 95% CI: 1.030-20.563, P=0.046). Conclusions:EDLF 7 th may serve as a protective factor for sepsis-induced MI and adverse outcome. The exogenous supplement of cardiotonic drugs at one week after MI may be a potential treatment to improve the survival rate of septic patients.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of children with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome(DIHS)complicated with herpesvirus reactivation,and to promote the early and accurate identification,diagnosis,and treatment of DIHS in children.Methods The medication history,clinical manifestations,treatment,and prognosis of 12 children confirmed DIHS complicated with herpesvirus reactivation in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between January 2018 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The changes in hematological parameters,inflammatory indexes,and hepatic and renal function within 5 d before the eruption,5 d,and 6-10 d after eruption were compared.Results Of the 12 patients,the male-to-female ratio was 5∶1,with a median age of 27(interquartile range 20.50-34.75)months.Two or more antibiotics were used at least two to six weeks before onset,with a combination of 3 or more antibiotics in 7 children,and a combined or sequential application of 2 antibiotics in 5 children.The antibiotics included cephalosporins(n=12),semisynthetic penicillins(n=5),vancomycin(n=4)and azithromycins(n=7).All 12 patients presented fever,rashes,and multiple organ involvement.The rashes were red maculopapules in the early stage and then gradually developed into massive fusion exceeding 50%of the whole body.Among them,seven children were accompanied by facial edema,and two had purplish-red facial rashes.11 children suffered from exfoliative dermatitis in the later stage.12 children presented obviously enlarged lymph nodes.Liver involvement was the most common(100%,simple increase of transaminase in four children,cholestasis in six children,and hepatic failure in two children),and lung involvement was found in nine children.Laboratory examination showed no significant increase in leukocytes or eosinophils within 5 d before the eruption,but low levels of atypical lymphocytes.After the eruption,leukocytes,eosinophils,and atypical lymphocytes increased progressively.Inflammatory indexes of hypersensitive C-reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)increased dramatically before and after the eruption.All the children received intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG)and methylprednisolone,two children were given antiviral therapy,and nine children were treated with multiple plasma exchanges.After treatment,nine children were cured,one developed immune reconstitution syndrome,and two died of hepatic failure.Conclusions Antibiotics are common allergenic drugs for DIHS in children.Its clinical manifestations include fever and rashes,accompanied by multiple organ involvement,such as the liver and lung.When leukocytes,eosinophils,and atypical lymphocytes are progressively elevated after the eruption,DIHS should be highly suspected,herpesvirus activation should be monitored,medication history should be traced,and early active immunotherapy and antiviral therapy should be conducted if necessary.

Betacoronavirus ; Cancer Care Facilities ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; organization & administration ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; Singapore ; Tertiary Care Centers