Objective To observe the effect of topical application with warm and wet carthamus tinctorius alcohol and anisodaminum on phlebitis caused by mannitol injection. Methods 100 patients with fractured bones suffered from phlebitis caused by mannitol injection were randomized into the observation group and the control group with 50 cases in each group. The observation group adopted topical application with warm and wet carthamus tinctorius alcohol and anisodaminum while the control received external application of 50% magnesium sulfate. The dosage was 3 hours per time,2 times a day, one time in the morning and afternoon respectively. The treatment continued till the phlebitis disappeared and the effect at the 24th,48th and 72th post treatment was compared between the two groups. Results The effect at the above mentioned time points in the obsevation group was superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Topical application with warm and wet carthamus tinctorius alcohol and anisodaminum on phlebitis caused by mannitol injection proved to be safe and had no adverse effect.

AIM To determine the contents of arillanin A,tenuifoliside A and tenuifoliside C in raw Polygalae Radix (root barks),Polygalae Radix duramen,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-processed Polygalae Radix,waterboiling Polygalae Radix and honey-processed Polygalae Radix.METHODS The analyses of 50％ methanol extracts from samples were performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Kromasil C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ formic acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 330 nm.RESULTS The contents of three oligosaccharide esters were the highest in raw Polygalae Radix,followed by those in honey-processed Polygalae Radix,and those in water-boiling Polygalae Radix were the lowest.These constituents also existed in Polygalae Radix duramen,but their contents were lower than those in root barks.CONCLUSION The ester bonds of oligosaccharide esters in Polygalae Radix may be hydrolyzed during processing,followed by the generation of small molecular organic acids.The medication of whole Polygalae Radix (root barks and duramen) can be taken into consideration in clinical practice to reduce toxicity and enhance efficacy.

AIM: A new HPLC-MS method was developed to determine finasteride in human plasma. METHODS: Two formulations of finasteride tablets were given to 20 healthy male volunteers according to a randomized 2-way cross-over design. The samples were extracted by ethyl acetate under basic conditions, then were separated by C18 column and determined by mass detector. RESULTS: The calibration curve of finasteride was linear and intra-day and inter-day RSD were less than 10 %. The pharmacokinetics parameters of the two formulations (4.5 ± 0.5) h for t1/2; (3.0 ± 0.7) and (2.8 ± 0.9) h for tmax, respectively. The results indicated that there was no significant difference on cmax, A UC0-24, t1/2 or tmax values between the two formulations. CONCLUTION: The relative bioavailability of tablets I with respect to tablets Ⅱ is (99.3 ± 9.2) % by the A UC0-24 measurement, and bioe quivalence is observed between the two tablets.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of renal transplantation recipients, effective prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 456 renal transplant recipients were monitored from January 2014 to December 2017. Postoperative infection including baseline data, infection site and infectious pathogen type was analyzed. Results Among 456 renal transplant recipients, 78 cases (17.1%) developed nosocomial infection. Postoperative infection time was 9(3-21) d. Infection sites mainly included the lower respiratory tract, urinary system and blood infection. Infection pathogens consisted of Staphylococci (n=13), Enterococcus faecium (n=6), fungi (n=6), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=4), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=4), Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=1), Escherichia coli (n=1) and other negative bacteria (n=9). Among them, 11 cases (14%) were infected with multi-drug resistant bacteria, and 4 cases died. Conclusions In renal transplant recipients, the incidence of nosocomial infection is relatively high, with early postoperative onset, common multiple drug-resistant bacterial infection and high mortality. Preoperative preparations should be fully implemented, postoperative lower respiratory tract infection should be actively prevented and prevention and treatment measures for multidrug-resistant bacteria should be standardized.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia (LPL/WM), and the diagnosis and optimal treatment of LPL/WM.Methods:The clinical data of 13 LPL/WM patients treated in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2013 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the literature was reviewed.Results:The median age of 13 patients was 60 years old (35-79 years old). There were 12 males and 1 female. Initial symptom was fatigue or edema of both lower limbs for majority of patients. All patients had immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal, 3 of them had elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, including 1 patient with monoclonal IgG. LDH was increased in 2 patients. Coombs test was positive in 5 patients. MyD88 gene mutation status was detected in 8 patients, of which gene mutation in 5 patients was positive. Among 13 patients, 1 patient lost follow-up, 3 patients died, 9 patients were alive with the median survival of 36 months (19-81 months).Conclusions:Incidence of LPL/WM is relatively low with a generally indolent evolution, but heterogeneity is not negligible. Few patients have poor treatment response with a quick disease progress. The high-risk patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after remission-induction chemotherapy may improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infection after liver transplantation from organ donation after death of citizens,and to provide evidence for the development of effective prevention and control strategies.Methods Targeted monitoring was conducted on liver transplantation patients in a hospital from January 1,2014 to December 31,2017,and then descriptive statistical analyses were carried out on postoperative infection after liver transplantation.Results The nosocomial infection occurred in 118 cases (55.40％) among 213 cases of liver transplantation.The infection sites were lower respiratory tract,blood system,and intraabdominal infection,accounting for 40.30％,22.39％,and 19.40％,respectively.186 strains of pathogens were isolated,mainly including gram-positive cocci (including 113 strains,60.75％),followed by gram-negative bacilli (56 strains,30.11％) and fungi (17 strains,9.14％).There was significant difference in the infection of the respiratory tract,post-operative wounds and other part s (P＜(0.05).The most common pathogens were Enterococcus faecium,Staphylococcus,Klebsiella Pneumoniae,and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,accounting for 15.05％,15.05％,10.22％ and 9.69％,respectively.There was significant difference in Gram-negative Bacillus,fungi strains,Acinetobacter strains,Enterococcus faecium strains,Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and staphylococcus (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patients after liver transplantation from organ donation after death have a high incidence of nosocomial infection.The infection was mainly distributed in the lower respiratory tract and blood system,and predominantly caused by bacteria and fungi.Infection surveillance of liver transplant patients should be strengthened and comprehensively effective prevention and control measures for nosocomial infection should be developed.

Diabetes, Gestational ; blood ; diagnosis ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; World Health Organization

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of Treprostinil in the treatment of children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure.Methods:A retrospectively analysis was performed on the clinical data of 16 children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure treated with Treprostinil injection from December 2017 to June 2020 at Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital.A total of 16 patients were included, including 5 boys (31.2%) and 11 girls (68.8%). The age was (4.6 ±1.2) years, the weight was (16.0±2.1) kg.The changes of central venous pressure (CVP), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2), lactic acid (Lac), oxygenation index and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were recorded at the infusion of Treprostinil and 3 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after the infusion.The short-term efficacy of Treprostinil was observed[mortality, mechanical ventilation time, and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay]; paired t-test was used to analyze the above indexes at different time points.The adverse reactions during the administration were also recorded. Results:Of the 16 children, the median mechanical ventilation time was 9 (5, 22) h, and the median ICU stay time was 2 (1, 12)days.After 72 hours of drug administration, CVP, Lac, BNP and HR decreased: CVP decreased from(16±5) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to (11±2) mmHg ( P<0.001), Lac decreased from(6.8±3.2) mmol/L to (3.2±1.2) mmol/L ( P=0.002), BNP decreased from(980±223) ng/L to (250±120) ng/L( P<0.001), HR decreased from(150±20) times/min to (125±16) times/min( P=0.002); SBP, ScvO 2 and oxygenation index increased: SBP increased from(83±10) mmHg to (98±12) mmHg( P<0.001), ScvO 2 increased from 0.53±0.13 to 0.65±0.11 ( P=0.003), oxygenation index increased from (200±72) mmHg to (298±13) mmHg ( P<0.001), and the differences were statistically significant(all P< 0.05). One case died (6.3%), 2 cases (12.5%) had transient blood pressure drop and 1 case (6.3%) had nausea and vomiting.Besides, no other treatment-related complications were observed. Conclusions:As for children with early decompensation after the Fontan procedure, the intravenous application of Treprostinil can reduce pulmonary artery pressure rapidly, effectively improve circulatory status and oxygenation and ultimately improve the prognosis.

Objective:To explore the application effect of online and offline blended learning combined with Jigsaw teaching in arterial blood specimen collection of undergraduate nursing interns.Methods:A total of 135 undergraduate nursing interns were randomly divided into the experimental group ( n=66) and the control group ( n=69). The experimental group used the blended learning combined with Jigsaw teaching, while the control group adopted the blended learning combined with PBL teaching. The theoretical examination before and after class, the skill assessment after training, the nursing clinical decision-making consciousness scale, and the teaching satisfaction survey were conducted in the two groups. SPSS 28.0 was used for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:After teaching, the total score of courses and the score of theoretical examination and skill assessment of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The total score and the multi-dimension scores of the nursing clinical decision-making consciousness scale in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The teaching satisfaction of the experimental group was 92.42% (61/66), which was significantly higher than that of the control group [69.57% (48/69)], and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Blended learning combined with Jigsaw teaching is applied to collect arterial blood specimens for undergraduate nursing interns, which is beneficial to improve the academic performance and clinical decision-making ability of nursing students.