OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of resin infiltration and fluoride solution on masking different demineralized white spot lesions by assessing color change.

METHODSArtificial white spot lesions were produced on 60 human molars. Each sample had at least two enamel surfaces opened (named A and B). The samples were randomly divided into groups 1, 2, and 3 according to their time of demineralization (24, 48, and 72 h). After demineralization, the A spot of each sample was treated by resin infiltration. The B spot was treated with 0.1% fluoride solution daily for 30 days. After the remineralization of the B spot, resin infiltration was used again on the B spot of each sample. Color assessment was performed by a spectrophotometer in five distinct stages: baseline, after the production of artificial caries, after resin infiltration of A spots, after 30 days of fluoride solution treatment of B spots, and after resin infiltration of remineralized B spots.

RESULTSBefore demineralization, the L* values of spots A and B in all groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05), whereas the L* values of spots A and B were significantly increased after demineralization. The L* values of A spots recovered significantly after treatment by resin infiltration (P<0.05), but only groups 1 and 2 reached the baseline. The L* values of B spots had no significant differences (P > 0.05) after fluoride treatment compared with that after demineralization. After resin infiltration on B spots, the L* values recovered but could not reach the baseline nor the level of A spots treated by resin infiltration only.

CONCLUSIONResin infiltration is a more effective treatment for masking white spot lesions than traditional fluoride treatment. The effect of masking white spot lesions has certain relationships with the degree of demineralization and activity of the lesion.

Objective To investigate the distribution of the mini mental status examination in the elderly Methods Totally 3 776 residents aged 55 years or over serving as samples in the urban and rural areas of Lhasa city, from August to December in 2001 were studied A residential area and a door to door general sampling procedures were used in this study, respectively Mini mental status examination (MMSE) and a activity of daily living scale (ADL) were used as screening methods for dementia Results The distribution of lower scores in such examination in middle elderly people, in Lhasa city was 7 2%, in which, males were 9 3% and femals, 6 3% Conclusion The results of lower scores in the mini mental status examination were similar to those reporting from inland cities, but there appear some what differences in distributions of ages, educational levels and sexes from Tibetan, which may be due to their special location and living habits

OBJECTIVE:To shorten outpatients'time spent on pricing,paying and delivery of drugs.METHODS:The time for outpatients spent on pricing,paying and drug delivery were measured by applying6?management method;the key processes and reasons resulting in long waiting time were analyzed;and corresponding measures were taken to improve the situation.The waiting time after improvement was compared with that before improvement.RESULTS:The time for out?patients spent in drug pricing,paying and drug delivery has been significantly shortened while the complaints and complaining letters have been reduced and their degree of satisfaction toward the hospital has been increased.CONCLUSION:Applying6?in hospital can facilitate a more scientific and fine management,thus promoting hospital pharmaceutical care.

[Objective]To find out the new method to cure the intervertebral discs degeneration by way of the eletron microscope study of the degeneration of the cartilage endplate in the circumstances of the intervertebral destabilization. [Method]To choose forty-eight white macrotia rabbits of Japan,which weighed within the range of 2.5?0.2 kg,female and male was unrestricted.These rabbits were divided into 2 groups randomly,with 21 rabbits in the contrast troup,with 27 rabbits in the experimental group.First 27 rabbits of the experimental group were destabilizated by operated on L6、7.Inj Diazepam 0.25 mg/kg,Inj Ketamine 0.02 g/kg and Inj Atropine 0.125 mg/kg was one by one injected into the rabbit through the auris vein,shearing the rabbit hair of backside waist,fixing the rabbit on operation table in face lying,using 1% Povidone Ioding to degerm the operation area.Every rabbit was incised at the backside of its waist,that incisal opening is located in the center of the intervertebral space(L6、7 space) that both side iliac crest line correspond,from the meso-ordinate direction cut about 4 cm incision,cutting open skin and subcutaneous tissue,thoroughly,exposing the spinous processes the vertebral plates and the upper-inferior articular processes,entirely segregating the muscles that cohere the spinous processes the vertebral plates and the articluar process,then excising the supraspinal ligaments and interspinal ligaments,biting off two sides the inferior articular processes of L6,in order that resulting in intervertebral destabilization,using 0.9% Inj.Sodium Chloride to washout the incisal opening,in order sewing up each layer tissues.After operation rabbits can freely move in the cages.To draw the materials from all groups after two months,four months and six months orderly.Using transmission electron microscope to observe the structure the cartilage endplate,the author should judge the degenerative course and mechanism of the cartilage endplate synthetically.[Result]The intervertebral destabilization can cause the collagen fibers degenerates from the regular and compact structure to the disorder and loose structure.[Conclusion]The intervertebral destabilization can distinctly lead to the degeneration of the cartilage endplate.

It was studied that effects of Hg 2+ ,Cu 2+ ,Cd 2+ ,Cr(Ⅵ) and Pb 2+ on 96h average growth rate,conductivity of osmotic luquor and total protein and bacteriochlorophyll content of our Rhodopseudomonas palustris The results showed that the toxicity sequence of these heavy metal ions from high to low is Hg 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ ,Cr(Ⅵ)and Pb 2+ according to the results of effects of 5 heavy metal ions on 96h average growth rate of this strain;forcing of Hg 2+ , Cd 2+ ,Cr(Ⅵ) and Pb 2+ lead to increasing of conductivity of osmotic luquor ,and this effect has dose response,but that of Cu 2+ doesn't ;forcing of 5 heavy metal ions could result in reducing of bacteriochlorophyll content,and this effect also has dose response But forcing of 5 heavy metal ions hasn't marked effect on total protein content

Objective To investigate the efficacy of modified electrical superficial surround acupuncture in treating postherpetic neuralgia. Method One hundred and eighty-six patients with postherpetic neuralgia were randomly allocated to electrical acupuncture, superficial acupuncture and electrical superficial acupuncture groups, 62 cases each. All the three groups were given acupuncture at ashi points around the painful region. The electrical acupuncture group received electroacupuncture alone. The superficial acupuncture group received sweeping-dispersing manipulation and following 24-hour retention of the soft tube. The electrical superficial acupuncture group received sweeping-dispersing manipulation based on modified superficial acupuncture and following electroacupuncture, without retention of the soft tube after the completion of treatment. The therapeutic effects were evaluated and compared after one course of treatment. Result There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the VAS score in the three groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the VAS score between the electrical superficial acupuncture group and the electrical acupuncture or superficial acupuncture group (P<0.01) but no between the electrical acupuncture and superficial acupuncture groups (P>0.05). The evaluation of the therapeutic effects according to WHO pain rating showed that the marked efficacy rate and the total efficacy rate were 45.2% and 82.3%, respectively, in the electrical acupuncture group, 52.3% and 88.7%, respectively, in the superficial acupuncture group and 62.9% and 91.9%, respectively, in the electrical superficial acupuncture group. There was no statistically significant difference in the total efficacy rate between the three groups (P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the marked efficacy rate between the electrical acupuncture and electrical superficial acupuncture groups (P<0.05)but no between the electrical acupuncture and superficial acupuncture groups (P>0.05) and between the superficial acupuncture and electrical superficial acupuncture groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The therapeutic effect of electrical superficial acupuncture is better than that of superficial acupuncture and electrical acupuncture. Electrical superficial acupuncture is characterized by selection of few points, small number of treatments and meanwhile, avoidance of potential medical risks.

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of acupuncture pretreatment on ischemic myocardium,the protective mechanism of acupuncture pretreatment on ischemic myocardium was explored by observing the cardiac muscle cell apoptosis and the expression of HSP70 mRNA of ischemia-reperfusion injury rats treated with acupuncture pretreatment.Methods:Sixty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight groups:control group,sham surgery group,ischemia-repertusion group,ischemia pretreatment group,manual acupuncture pretreatment group(once a day),electroacupuncture pretreatment group(once a day),manual acupuncture pretreatment group(twice a day),and electroacupuncture pretreatment group(twice a day).The reperfusion model of rat myocardial ischemia was made.Expression of HSP70 mRNA was assayed by in situ hyrbridization,and cell apoptosis by TUNEL.Results:Compared with those in the control group and the sham surgery group,the apoptosis and the expression of HSP70 mRNA were increased in the ischemia-reperfusion group.Compared with those in the ischemia-reperfusion group,the cardiac muscle cell apoptosis was decreased and the HSP70 mRNA was increased in the rats treated with acupuncture pretreatment;meanwhile,acupuncture pretreatment twice a day had stronger effects than acupuncture pretreatment once a day and ischemia pretreatment.Conclusion:Acupuncture pretreatment can inhibit the cardiac muscle cell apoptosis,and up-regulate the expression of HSP70 mRNA in ischemia-reperfusion rats.Acupuncture pretreatment twice a day has stronger effects than pretreatment once a day.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Prostant in the treatment of chronic prostatitis. Methods A randomized, double-blind, positive drug-controlled clinical trial method was applied in the study. Through clinical symptoms, signs and expressed prostate secretion (EPS) examination, 80 patients with prostatitis were recruited and randomized into a trial group (60 cases) and a control group (20 cases). The trial group was treated with Prostant, and the control group was treated with wild chrysanthemum suppository. After screening, treatment and follow-up, in the trial group and the control group, the observation on clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated, such as the clinical symptoms, signs, EPS examination, the national institute health-chronic prostatits symptom index (NIH-CPSI) and the blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, the function of liver and kindney, electrocardiograph examination and the side effects. Results After 4-week treatment, the total effective rate was 74.14% in the trial group and 40.0% in the control group, the efficacy of Prostant was superior to that of wild chrysanthemum suppository (P =0.006). There was significant difference in clinical symptoms and NIH-CPSI between pre-treatment and post-treatment in the trial group and the control group (P

While the field of ATP synthase research has a long history filled with landmark discoveries, recent structural works provide us with important insights into the mechanisms that links the proton movement with the rotation of the Fo motor. Here, we propose a mechanism of unidirectional rotation of the Fo complex, which is in agreement with these new structural insights as well as our more general ΔΨ-driving hypothesis of membrane proteins: A proton path in the rotor-stator interface is formed dynamically in concert with the rotation of the Fo rotor. The trajectory of the proton viewed in the reference system of the rotor (R-path) must lag behind that of the stator (S-path). The proton moves from a higher energy site to a lower site following both trajectories simultaneously. The two trajectories meet each other at the transient proton-binding site, resulting in a relative rotation between the rotor and stator. The kinetic energy of protons gained from ΔΨ is transferred to the c-ring as the protons are captured sequentially by the binding sites along the proton path, thus driving the unidirectional rotation of the c-ring. Our ΔΨ-driving hypothesis on Fo motor is an attempt to unveil the robust mechanism of energy conversion in the highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed rotary ATP synthases.
Membrane Potentials ; physiology ; Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Protein Conformation

The prosthesis fitting were discussed in this paper for 48 un-reoperation of 91 cases the non-ideal stump of the lower limb amputees hospitalized in the past six years. The author suggests that silicon socks,the supplementary hang band,a combinative use of the prosthesis and orthosis,adjustment aligment of the prosthesis provide a good method for prosthesis fitting of the non-ideal stump of the lower limbamputees. It was able to wearing a good prosthesis and bring the compensatory functions into full play.