To evaluate the short- and long-term effect of defibrase on acute cerebral infarction. 　Methods: A prospective, randomized double-blind control method was employed for the study. All the patients were treated with injection of either defibrase or placebo. The scores of neurological function deficits and daily living abilities as well as the level of fibrinogen were tested.Results: The neurological function of the patients treated with defibrase was significantly improved, the scores of daily living abilities increased, and the level of fibrinogen in blood decreased. A follow-up of the subjects at the time point of one year after the treatment revealed that, the recurrence rate of infarction in those treated with defibrase was zero. Meanwhile, the subjects treated with defibrase had significantly decreased scores of neurological function and significantly improved daily living abilities comparing with those treated with the placebo. 　Conclusion: Defibrase can protect the nurons against ischemia-induced lesion, improve the neuron function by decreasing the fibrinogen level. It has valid therapeutic effect on cerebral infarction.

Purpose To study NF-κB gene expression level in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines with differently lymphatic metastasis potentials and to discuss its roles in lymphatic metastasis.Methods Using real-time quantitative PCR, NF-κB gene expression level was detected in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, including Hca-P with low lymphatic metastasis potential and Hca-F with high lymphatic metastasis potential.Results NF-κB mRNA expression in Hca-P and Hca-F cell lines were (1.41±0.48)×10~(-3),and (2.95±0.22)×10~(-3) (P<0.01),respectively.NF-κB mRNA expression levels were increased with metastasis potential.Conclusion NF-κB gene may play an important role in lymphatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives To understand the social support levels among breast cancer patients in Yunnan, as well as to explore the factors associated with social support. Methods According to the unified inclusion and exclusion criteria,121 breast cancer in-patients with chemotherapy were interviewed with structured questionnaire. Social demographic characteristics, Xiao's Social Support Rating Scale,General Self-Efficacy Scale,clinical and experimental data were collected. SPSS version19.0 was used to analyze the frequency and the correlation between social support and influential variables were analyzed by using the chi-square test and non-parametric test. Results The levels of social support in total, objective social support, subjective social support and utilization degree for breast cancer patients were (49.43 ±5.69), (13.35 ±2.51), (27.59 ±3.78), (8.50 ±1.98) respectively. Marriage status and self-efficacy were associated with social support level significantly. The influencing factors such as age, education level, marital status, occupation, income, place of residence, religion, medical expenses payment type, self-efficacy were included in the univariate analysis. However, only marital status and self efficacy were positively correlated with social support (p<0.05) . Conclusions The breast cancer patients in Yunnan have a higher social support level overall. Having-marriage status and higher self-efficacy have a positive influence on breast cancer in patients' social support level.

Objective: To sieve the bioactive constituents of Radix Puerariae,serum pharmacochemistry research was performed.Method: Based on the establishment of HPLC fingerprints of Radix Puerariae,the constituents absorbed into blood were determined by comparing the HPLC fingerprints of the methanol extracts,tested serum samples and blank serum sample.Results: Four compounds absorbed into blood were detected,among which two were original constituents of Radix Puerariae(including puerarin),the other might be metabolites of the original constituents.Conclusion: These four constituents absorbed into blood were possible bioactive components of Radix Puerariae.Further studies on them will help clarify the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of Radix Puerariae.

BACKGROUND: Mainly pathological changes of Parkinson disease (PD)are related to irreversible degeneration and reduction of dopamine neurons of substantia nigra in midbrain; however, oxidative stress reaction plays an important role in onset of PD. 3-nitropropionie acid (3-NP) is an inhibitor of mitochondria compound I, and it can inhibit oxidative phosphorylation so as to restrain energy metabolism. However, professor Riepe from Germany found that small dose of 3-NP can increase the tolerance of neurons to ischemic hypoxia. It is unclear whether it can also strengthen the tolerance of dopamine neurons to neurotoxin.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible mechanism and prevention of repetitively preconditioning 3-NP for treating PD.DESIGN: Controlled observational animal study. SETTING: Department of Neurology, Union Hospital affiliated to TongjiMedical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Neurological Lab oratory, Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong U niversity of Science and Technology from March to July 2004. A total of48 C57BL mice, weighing 18-20 g, aged 2-3 months, of both genders, were randomly divided into 6 groups with 8 in each group. ① Blank con trol group: Mice were not medicated. ② 3-NP single administrationgroup: Mice were intraperitoneally injected with 3-NP once. ③ 3-NPrepetitively administrations group: Mice were intraperitoneally injectedwith 3-NP every 5 days for 5 times in total. ④ Neurotoxin group: Micewere intraperitoneally injected with neurotoxin once every day for 5 timesin total. ⑤ 3-NP single preconditioning group: Mice were intraperitoneal ly injected with 3-NP once, and 3 days later, they were intraperitoneallyinjected with neurotoxin once every day for 5 times in total. ⑥ 3-NPrepetitively preconditionings group: Mice were intraperitoneally injectedwith 3-NP and repetitively every 5 days for 5 times in total; 3 days later, mice were intraperitoneally injected with neurotoxin once every day for5 times in total. Dosages of 3-NP and neurotoxin were 20 mg/kg and30 mg/kg, respectively. METHODS: Motor coordination of mice was scored with pole test andtraction test before experiment and at 3 days after the last injection ofneurotoxin. Three days after complete injection, mice were sacrificed rapid ly to measure the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glu tathione (GSH) in the substantia nigra of midbrain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Motor and behavior scores; ② con tent of MDA; ③ content of GSH.~ULTS: All 48 mice were involved in the final analysis. ① Scores of pole test and traction test were decreased in neurotoxin group as compared with those in control group (P＜0.01); but the scores were increased after 3-NP single/repetitively preconditionings, and there were significant difference (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Meanwhile, there was also significant differencebetween 3-NP repetitively preconditionings group and 3-NP single preconditioning group (P＜0.05). ② Content of MDA was increased in neurotoxin group as compared with that in control group, and there was significant difference (P＜0.01); content of MDA was decreased after 3-NP single preconditioning as compared with that in neurotoxin group, and there was significant difference (P＜0.05); content of MDA was remarkably decreased after 3-NP repetitively preconditionings as compared with that in neurotoxin group, and there was greatly significant difference (P＜0.01); meanwhile, there was also significant difference between 3-NP repetitively preconditionings group and 3-NP single preconditioning group (P＜0.05). ③As compared with that in blank control group, content GSH in 3-NP single administration group was not changed; content of GSH in 3-NP repetitively administrations group was increased (P＜0.05); content of GSH in neurotoxin group was decreased as compared with that in blank control group (P＜0.01); content of GSH in 3-NP single preconditioning group was not changed as compared with that in neurotoxin group (P＞0.05); content of GSH was increased after 3-NP repetitively preconditionings, and there was significant difference (P＜0.05); meanwhile, there was significant difference between 3-NP repetitively preconditionings group and 3-NP single preconditioning group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: 3-NP repetitively preconditionings can activate synthesis of GSH, protect dopamine neurons through decreasing production of MDA.

Objective To analyze a population of cells on the right lower lateral of monocyte population in forward scatter/side scatter(FSC/SSC)(X-axis/Y-axis)scatterplot of peripheral blood leucocyte by flow cytometry(FCM)and its influencing factors.Methods The type of cells were identified based on cluster of differentiation antigen(CD)by FCM.The impact of temperature,hemolysin concentration,and incubation time was evaluated.Blood lipid tests were performed to observe the relation between them by statistical methods.Results (1) Phenotypo of this population of cells on the right lower lateral of monocytes in FSc/SSC scatterplot is CD+45 CD+13 CD+14 CD3- CD-19 ,which was the same as monocyte cells:(2)The monocytes in FSC/SSC scatterplot shifted to left side after using haemolysin;(3)The monocytes showed less resistance to antihemolysin in 37℃ than that in 220C:There were more monocytes shifting to left side with the increase of haemolysis time:(4)The swarming ratio of monocytes in patients (31.5%,40/126) Was higher than it in normal controls (5.1%,5/98)(x2=22.74,P<0.01);(5)The levels of total serum cholesterol(TC),triglyeride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), apoprotein B100(Apo B100) in patients with swarming monocytes were lower than that in the patients without swarming monocytes,(P<0.05).There was no statistical significance between the two groups with respect to levels of total bilirubin(TBIL),albumin(Alb),hish density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),apoprotein A I(Apo A I),lipoprotein(Lpa).Conclusions Peripheral blood monocytes can be divided in two groups in FSC/SSC scatterplot when analyzed with FCM.The presence of this population of cell Was related to resistance to hemolysin.It can be influenced by haemolysis time and incubation temperature.Therefore,the effect of swarming monocytes and abnormal cell membrane should be taken into consideration when the markers and function of monocytes are detected by FCM.

ObjectiveTo investigate the predisposing factors and pathogenic fungal species of Malassezia folliculitis in different geographical areas and body sites.MethodsTotally,241 patients diagnosed with Malassezia folliculitis were asked to complete a questionnaire.The content of hair follicles was obtained and subjected to fungal smear and culture examination.Fungal species were identified according to morphological,physiological and biochemical features.Results Of the 241 patients with Malassezia folliculitis,204 (84.65％) were positive for smear examination.A total of 259 specimens were collected from these patients,and fungal culture grew 213(82.24％) strains,of which,209 belonged to Malassezia species,4(1.54％) to Candida species.Among the 209 Malassezia strains,186 were activated and subjected to species identification which resulted in 6 species,including M.furfur (111 strains,59.68％ ),M.sloofiae (43 strains,23.12％ ),M.sympodialis (17 strains,9.14％),M.globosa (9 strains,4.84％),M.pachydermatis (4 strains,2.15％),and M.obtuse(2 strains,1.08％ ).Of the pathogenic fungi of Malassezia folliculitis,M.furfur predominated in the chest,back,abdomen,face and neck,M.sloofiae in the upper limbs,shoulders and vertex,M.globosa in the lower limbs.There were obvious differences in the distribution of pathogenic fungal species at different body sites in a same host,and M.furfur with M.sloofiae or M.sympodialis appeared to be the most common pathogens.ConclusionsIn this study,6 Malassezia species are identified in patients with Malassezia folliculitis in Nantong and Nanjing area,M.furfur and M.sloofiae appear to be the dominant pathogens.

By using Fura-2/AM, the effects of magnesium (Mg2+) on the glutamate-induced increase of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) in the cultured hippocampal neurons and the features were investigated by integrated photoelectric detecting system. The experiments were designed to three groups (The drug was spit to the cells for 20 s): Group A receiving 1 x 10(-5) mol/L glutamate; Group B receiving 1 x 10(-5) mol/L glutamate and 1 x 10(-5) mol/L Mg2+ simultaneously; Group C receiving 1 x 10(-5) mol/L glutamate again after [Ca2+]i in group B back to the baseline. The results showed that in group A, [Ca2+]i was obviously increased. In group B, the changes in [Ca+] i and the peak value were significantly decreased. Moreover, the elevation of Phase 1 was slowed down and Phase 2 was shortened to some extent, and the plateau phase between them was relatively prolonged. In group C, calcium oscillation similar to that in group A occurred, but both the Phase 1 and Phase 2 were shortened and the delta[Ca2+]i was slightly decreased. It was suggested that Mg2+ could quickly inhibit the rise of [Ca2+]i induced by glutamate in the cultured hippocampal neurons in rats.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Biological Transport, Active ; drug effects ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Fura-2 ; pharmacology ; Glutamates ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; metabolism ; Magnesium ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a neurovascular unit lesion caused by diabetes mellitus,the incidence of which has increased significantly with the increase of the diabetic population.Therefore,it is important to use a reasonable animal model to explore the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of DR.The db/db mouse is a relatively mature animal model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes and is therefore widely used in early prevention and treatment studies of type 2 DR.This paper describes the progress of db/db mouse model in exploring the pathogenesis of DR and the pharmacological research of Chinese and Western medicine,in order to provide a certain reference for the research of DR and drug development.

Objective: To observe the long-term efficacy and safety of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Methods: Between May 2007 and June 2009,4 patients with SSc were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood stem cells were mobilized with cyclopho-sphamide (CTX) followed by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Conditioning was performed with i.v. cyclophosphamide 50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 4 days. The results of the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), thoracic high-resolution computer tomography and pulmonary function were collected after transplantation. Results: There was an improvement in mRSS, lung function and HRCT in the six months after AHSCT. Within six month to one year after transplantation, one patient had sustained and two patients recurred. After active treatments two patients were improved again. During the follow-up of 8.7 (4.1-9.8) years, three patients were stable and one patient died. Infection and hepatic function injury were the major complications. There was not transplant-related mortality. Conclusion AHSCT with CTX as a pre-conditioning regimen is safe and effective for SSc. The efficacy for patients with short course, rapid progress and edema is significant. However, long-term efficacy is poor, and long-term maintenance treatment is needed.