Background and purpose:There is an increasing of breast diseases every year. It is important for us to detect the tumor characteristic and to establish the diagnosis of breast diseases through their clinical manifestation and pathology.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 864 cases of breast diseases after surgical operation,was made in our hospital, from 2000 to 2006.Results:85.7% of 864 cases were fibro benign diseases, and most of them were fibro cystic hyperplasia and fibroadenoma of breast.Malignant disease was found 123 cases, and most of them were invasive ductal carcinoma, then medullary carcinoma and early infiltrating carcinoma.It is significant that the youngest age from 30 years old and the incidence rate increased with the age.Conclusions:It is very important to promate the diagnosis rate of breast carcinoma by early prevention and treatment to screen breast diseases and monitor high risk population in time.

Objective To introduce three new methods for measuring breast volume. Methods The breast volume was measured and the 3D image yielded with a special software or calculated with two mathematical formulas, according to its base, horizontal and saggital sections. Results The average deviations of these protocols were less than 10 % of the actual sizes in our investigation. Conclusion The computer aided measurement for the volume of the breast is an accurate and reliable method and can be used in the designs for augmentation and reduction of mammaplasty.

Objective To investigate the distribution of the mini mental status examination in the elderly Methods Totally 3 776 residents aged 55 years or over serving as samples in the urban and rural areas of Lhasa city, from August to December in 2001 were studied A residential area and a door to door general sampling procedures were used in this study, respectively Mini mental status examination (MMSE) and a activity of daily living scale (ADL) were used as screening methods for dementia Results The distribution of lower scores in such examination in middle elderly people, in Lhasa city was 7 2%, in which, males were 9 3% and femals, 6 3% Conclusion The results of lower scores in the mini mental status examination were similar to those reporting from inland cities, but there appear some what differences in distributions of ages, educational levels and sexes from Tibetan, which may be due to their special location and living habits

Objective To investigate the role of resting pulm on ary function (FEV 1,FVC,VC) and diffusing capacity (D LCO) on exercise limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods During the period of 2002-04~12 the results of resting pulmonary function test which were and diffusing capacity test performed on 26 subjects with stable COPD were reviewed.The symptom-limited maximum exercise (S LME) were performed.Dyspnea index (DI) and oxygen consumption (V? O 2/kg) were determined with a metabolic cart during exercise.Borg Scale s (BS) was used for counting degree of exertional dyspnea which appeared during exercise.At the end of SLME,arterial blood gas analysis was performed to determi ne PaO 2max,PaCO 2max and Phmax at that time.Results In stepwise multiple regression analysis,the variables significantly contributing to V?O 2max/kg were D LCO % and FEV 1/VC.Conclusion Lung function and diffusing capacity can be importan t determinants of exercise capacity in COPD.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Yishen Bunao Tablet on Alzheimer's Disease(AD).Methods:91 cases of AD were randomly divided into a treatment group(n=46)treated with Yishen Bunao Tablet and a control group(n=45)treated with huperzine A. Their clinical therapeutic effects,changes of superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,malondialdehyde(MDA)and nitric oxide(NO) contents before and after treatment were determined.Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups in the total therapeutic effect;After treatment,the scores for language comprehend and order obey in the treatment group increased significantly(P0.05).SOD activity increased significantly,and contents of MDA and NO decreased significantly in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types of functional dyspepsia (FD) in Guangzhou, and to explore their correlation with some factors such as residence time in Guangzhou, gender, age, and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. Methods A total of 326 cases of FD patients from Guangzhou were investigated. Database of the related clinical data was built and analyzed. Results The commonly-seen TCM syndrome types of FD patients in Guangzhou were spleen-deficiency and qi stagnation, disharmony of liver and stomach, dampness-heat of spleen and stomach, deficiency-cold in spleen and stomach, and concurrence of cold and heat, accounting for 41.71%, 26.07%, 11.96%, 11.04% and 9.20%, respectively. There were significant differences among the TCM syndromes(P < 0.05). The differences of average age of onset, residence time in Guangzhou, FD subtypes and Hp infection were significant among each syndrome type (P < 0.05). Conclusion The distribution of TCM syndrome types of FD in Guangzhou is dominated by spleen-deficiency and qi stagnation, and the syndrome types are correlated with residence time in Guangzhou, gender, average age of onset, FD subtypes, and Hp infection.

Objective To construct the secretory expression vector of recombinant human C-reactive protein(rhCRP) for its se-cretory expression in Pichia pastoris ,rhCRP was expressed as a secretory protein and purified ,and the immunity reactivity of the purified protein was identified .Methods The DNA fragment of rhCRP which was designed and synthesized was cloned into pPICZαA vector .Recombinant plasmid pPICZαA/rhCRP was linearized by SacⅠand transformed into Pichia pastoris X-33 by elec-trotransformation .The rhCRP was secreted into the medium under the methanol induction .RhCRP was purified by Histamine affin-ity chromatography .The purified rhCRP was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting ,and its immunity reactivity and stabili-ty was identified by indirect ELISA .Results The pPICZαA/rhCRP expression vector was successfully constructed .The rhCRP of 23 × 103 was inducted and successfully expressed as a secretory protein by the recombinant Pichia pastoris strains .The rhCRP was purified by one step up to 90 .42% purity ,and it was showed good immunity and stability by indirect ELISA .Conclusion The rh-CRP with higher purity and immunoreactivity was successfully obtained by using the Pichia pastoris expression system ,which pro-vided an important experimental basis for producing anti-human CRP antibodies and developing testing CRP reagent .

Objective To evaluate the acute side effects and efficacy of the intraluminal brachytherapy combined with external radiation and synchronous chemotherapy in the treatment of bronchial lung cancer.Methods From June 2001 to June 2003,42 patients with bronchial lung cancer were divided into treatment group and control group randomly.21 lung cancer patients with major airway obstruction were treated by combined intralumihal brachytherapy with external beam radiotherapy and synchronous chemotherapy.Results The overall response rate(CR+PR)in treatment group and control group were 85.7% and 57.1%(P＜0.05).There were no serious complication during the treatment except for irritant cough and leukocytopenia.Conclusion Intraluminal brachytherapy may result in symptom improvement in patients with major airway occlusion of lung cancer.The intraluminal bmchytherapy combined with external beam radiothempy and synchronous chemotherapy is an effective method in treatment of lung cancer.

Objective:To compare the effects of three root canal sealers with respect to time on biocom-patibility of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs).The sealers included zinc oxide and eugenol based sealers (ZOE),epoxy resin sealers (ERS)and silicone based sealers (SBS).Methods:hPDLCs were primarily cultured,with the method combining of tissue explant and enzymatic digestion.The cells were then exposed to different extract fluids:(1)ZOE extracted for 24 h group ;(2)ZOE extracted for 1 week group;(3)ZOE extracted for 2 weeks group;(4)ERS extracted after 24 h group;(5)ERS extracted after 1 week group;(6)ERS extracted after 2 weeks group;(7)SBS extracted after 24 h group;(8)SBS extracted after 1 week group;(9)SBS extracted after 2 weeks group;(10)Dulbecco modified Eagle’s me-dium/F12(DMEM/F12)as negative control group.Cell morphology was observed under an inverted mi-croscope.Cell proliferation was measured by methyl-thiazol-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT)assay.ALP assay kit was used for measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP)activity.Sealers of 2 weeks’setting time were then immersed in an osteogenic medium for examination of mineral nodules and calcium deposits.Re-sults:Considering the relative growth rate (RGR),ZOE was severely to moderately cytotoxic (RGR:13.6% -39.9%),while ERS was slightly or not cytotoxic (RGR:87.6% -95.3%).Only SBS did not show any cytotoxicity after setting (RGR:91.8% -106.7%).The setting time influenced the cytotoxic-ity of ERS which decreased after 1 week.Considering the ALP activity,there was no difference between SBS group and control group(F =3.397,P =0.053).According to the results of calcium deposits, ZOE:D562 nm =0.180 ±0.050,ERS:D562 nm =2.968 ±0.201,SBS:D562 nm =3.623 ±0.039,Control:D562 nm =3.477 ±0.102,the ranking of ALP activity and calcium deposits was as follows:ZOE