A gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method has been developed and fully validated for the simultaneous determination of natural borneol (NB) and its metabolite, camphor, in rat plasma. Following a single liquid-liquid extraction, the analytes were separated using an HP-5MS capillary column (0.25 mm ? 30 m ? 0.25μm) and analyzed by MS in the selected ion monitoring mode. Selected ion monitor (m/z) of borneol, camphor and internal standard was 95, 95 and 128, respectively. Linearity, accuracy, precision and extraction recovery of the analytes were all satisfactory. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of NB after oral administration to Wistar rats.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of Jiejiu-Hugan decoction combined with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules on the patients with alcoholic liver disease of liver-qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome. Methods A total of 60 ALD patients were divided by random number table into two groups:combined treatment group (35 cases) and conventional treatment group (25 cases). Both groups received treatment according to the changes of symptomatic treatment. Besides, the conventional treatment group was treated with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules, and combined treatment group was with both polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules and Jiejiu-Hugan decoction. Treatment last for 3 months. The improvement of liver function, blood lipid and the clinical symptoms and signs were observed. Results The total effective rate of the combined treatment group was 94.28%, whilethe conventional treatment group was 68%. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ2=7.255, P=0.007). After the treatment, the levels of AST (52.60 ± 9.48 U/L vs. 63.28 ± 19.92 U/L, t=2.964), TBil (18.91 ± 7.23 U/L vs. 27.41 ± 8.53 U/L, t=4.678) in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). And TG (2.70 ± 0.52 mmol/L vs. 3.65 ± 0.74 mmol/L, t=4.809), LDL-C (3.56 ± 0.41 mmol/L vs. 4.20 ± 0.40 mmol/L, t=3.810) in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group (P<0.01). Conclusions Jiejiu-Hugan decoction combined with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsule can effectively improve ALD patients' liver function;reduce the level of blood lipid. The combined treatment curative effect is better than the only western medicine conventional therapy.

Objective To study thyroid hormone changes in women with pre-eclampsia patients,the characteristics of thyroid disease and its relationship with pre-eclampsia.Methods From May 2011 to December 2012 171 patients with pre-eclampsia who delivered in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were recruited as prc-eclampsia(PE) group,among which 114 cases were defined as early onset pre-eclampsia (EP) group and 57 cases were defined as late onset pre-eclampsia (LP) group.And 171 healthy women with same age and same stage of pregnancy were selected as the control group.Their blood pressures were normal and they had no obstetrical complications.Serum thyrotropin (TSH),free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were determined by solid-phase chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay method (CMIA).Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) were measured by electro-chemiluminescent assay (ECLIA).The positive rate was calculated (TPOAb ＞ 5.6 U/L,TGAb ＞ 4.1 U/L were defined as positive result).The relationship between TSH,FT3,FT4 level and blood pressure was analyzed in women with pre-eclampsia.Results (1) The median values of TSH,FT4 and FT3 in PE group were 3.4 mU/L,(12.0 ± 3.0) pmol/L and(3.9 ± 0.9) pmol/L.In the control group,they were 1.9 mU/L,(13.4 ± 2.4) and (5.0 ± 1.3) pmol/L.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups(P ＜ 0.01).In EP group,the median values of TSH,FT4 and FT3 were 3.3 mU/L,(12.1 ± 3.4) pmol/L and (3.8 ± 0.9) pmol/L.The differences between EP group and the control group were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).In LP group,the median values of TSH,FT4 and FT3 were 3.4 mU/L,(11.9 ± 3.1) pmol/L and (3.9 ± 1.0) pmol/L.There were statistically significant differences compared to the control group(P ＜0.01).While there was no difference between EP group and LP group (P ＞ 0.05).(2) The positive rate of TPOAb and TGAb in PE group were 15.2％ (26/171)and 21.6％ (37/171),and were 12.3％ (21/171) and 14.6％ (25/171) in the control group.There was statistically significant difference in the TGAb positive rate (P ＜ 0.01),but the difference in TPOAb positive rate was not statistically different(P ＞0.05).The TPOAb positive rates in EP group and LP group were 12.3 ％ (14/114) and 21.1％ (12/57),respectively,with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).And the positive rates of TGAb in EP group and LP group were 21.9％ (25/114)and 21.1％ (12/57),respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).The positive rate of TPOAb in LP group and in the control group had statistically significant difference(P ＜0.01).(3) The morbidity of thyroid disease in PE group and in the control group were 47.4％ (81/171) and 16.4％ (28/171),with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).(4) The morbidity of subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism in PE group and in the control group were 45.0％ (77/171) and 16.4％ (28/171),with statistically significant difference(P ＜0.01).(5) The morbidity of subclinical hyperthyroidism in PE group and in the control group were 2.3 ％ (4/171) and 1.8 ％ (3/171),with no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05).(6) In PE group,women with TSH level of 0.3-3.3 mU/L had systolic pressure of(170 ± 21)mmHg (1mmHg =0.133 kPa)and diastolic pressure of(112 ± 15) mmHg; women with TSH ＞ 3.3 mU/L had systolic pressure of(166 ± 21)mmHg and diastolic pressure of(109 ± 13)mmHg.There was no statistically significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).But the diastolic pressure in EP group and LP group had statistically significant difference(P ＜ 0.01).In PE group,no correlation was found among TSH,FT4 levels and systolic pressure,diastolic pressure(P ＞ 0.05).FT3 level was negatively correlated to diastolic pressure (r =-0.172,P =0.023).Conclusions It is common that pre-eclampsia is complicated with thyroid dysfunction,mainly subclinical hypothyroidism.Thus it is nessesary to test thyroid hormone and thyroid antibodies in women with pre-eclampsia.The decrease of FT3 and FT4,the increase of TSH and the presence of TPOAb and TGAb are related with the presence of pre-eclampsia.

Objective To investigate the risk of falling and nutritional status in elderly surgical patients,and to assess the correlation between them.Methods Patients aged ≥65 in Department of General Surgery of Beijing Hospital between January and June 2015 were enrolled in this study.The Morse Fall Scale was used to evaluate the risk of falling.Anthropometrics,body composition,and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) scores were collected to evaluate the nutritional status of the patients.The correlation between risk of falling and nutritional status was analyzed.Results A total of 383 patients were included,including 314 cases under 80 (65-79 years) and 69 cases ≥ 80.Patients ≥ 80 years showed significantly lower grip [(24.53 ± 8.09)kgvs.(30.57 ±8.48)kg,P＜0.05] and4-meter gait speed [(0.66 ±0.19)m/s vs.(0.84 ± 0.20) m/s,P ＜ 0.05],but significantly increased undemutrition [15.9％ (11/69) vs.7.0％ (22/314),P ＜ 0.05] and nutritional risk [56.5％ (39/69) vs.38.2％ (120/314),P ＜0.05].Altogether 33.9％ of the patients (130/383) were at high risk of falling,and the prevalence was significantly higher in patients ≥80 than in patients ＜ 80 [44.9％ (31/69) vs.31.5％ (99/314),P =0.036].Compared with patients not at high risk of falling,high-risk patients had lower body mass index [(22.33 ± 1.82) kg/m2 vs.(23.76 ± 3.26) kg/m2] and grip [(24.95 ± 8.56) kg vs.(30.72 ± 8.39) kg],but higher prevalence of nutritional risk [46.9％ (61/130) vs.38.7％ (98/253)] (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Eldedy surgical patients have a high risk of falling,which may be related with their nutritional status.Nursing and nutrition intervention should be emphasized in there patients to prevent falling and improve clinical outcome.

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of elderly inpatients with benign orthopedic diseases and to assess its relationship with clinical outcomes.Methods Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 ( NRS 2002) was used to prospectively investigate undernutrition and nutritional risk in elderly patients hospitalized between April 1 and May 31, 2012 in Beijing Hospital for benign orthopedic diseases.Associations between nu-tritional status and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Results A total of 520 patients were included, with a mean age of (75 ±7.09) years.The mean body mass index (BMI) was (23.20 ±3.83) kg/m2, mean dominant-hand grip strength was (16.87 ±19.19) kg, mean mid-upper arm circumference was (25.62 ±3.81) cm, mean calf circumference was (31.92 ±4.02) cm.Compared with patients aged 65-79 years, patients≥80 years showed significantly lower hand grip strength [ (13.58 ±15.92) kg vs.(18.48 ±20.42) kg, P=0.004].All the pa-tients completed NRS 2002, which showed that 9.31%of the patients had undernutrition (BMI≤18.5 kg/m2), and 45.19%had nutritional risk (NRS 2002 score≥3).Compared with patients aged 65-79 years, patients≥80 years had significantly higher incidence of undernutrition (13.97% vs.7.21%, P=0.024) and nutritional risk (52.38%vs.41.76%, P=0.024), higher incidence of infectious complications in patients with nutritional risk (10.21%vs.5.26%, P=0.044), longer hospital stay [ (11.66 ±5.76) days vs.(10.42 ±4.37) days, P=0.016], and higher hospital expense [(20.28 ±1.811) thousand yuan vs.(16.39 ±1.362) thousand yuan, P=0.016].Conclusion Elderly patients hospitalized for benign orthopedic diseases have a high incidence of undernutrition and nutritional risk, which is associated with worse clinical outcomes.

Objective To study multimodal analgesia in patients who underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods 60 patients who underwent TACE for HCC from Aug.2016 to Nov.2016 were randomized into two groups:the multimodal analgesia group and the control group.The pain scores of these two groups of patient during the procedure and at different posttreatment time points,and the rates of adverse effect and pharmacoeconomic differences were recorded.Results When compared to the control group,the pain scores at 0 h,2 h,4 h,6 h,12 h after treatment in the multimodal analgesia group were significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05),and the satisfactory scores for the patients were significantly improved (96.6％ vs.66.7％).The multimodal group of patients also had significandy lower adverse effect rates of nausea and vomiting,and it was more cost-effective.Conclusions Patients who required multimodal analgesia had better pain relieve,patient satisfaction and less adverse reactions after TACE than patients in the control group.Multimodal analgesia was a safe,effective and economic way to control TACE pain and it was worth recommended in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the ideal positions for venous indwelling needle among elderly patients. Methods A total of 135 elderly patients, who required transfusion aged from 70 to 90 years old, were randomly divided into observation group (n=66) and control group (n=69). Patients of the observation group underwent the pricking of forearm vein whiles patients of the control group received the pricking of dorsal hand vein. We compared the indwelling length of venous indwelling needle, incidences of related complications, success rate of pricking at first time and the pain level of pricking. Results The indwelling time of observation group was (4. 45 ± 0. 75) d higher than (4. 16 ± 0. 85) d of the control group; the complications such as phlebitis, fluid exudation in the observation was 12. 1% lower than 27. 5% in the control group (t/χ2 =2. 136, 5. 010;P<0. 05). There was no statistical significance for pain level of pricking and success rate of pricking at first time [(4. 12 ± 1. 99) vs (3. 61 ± 1. 58) score; 86. 4% vs 89. 9%; t/χ2 =1. 652, 0. 394;P>0. 05]. Conclusions The venous indwelling needle in forearm vein has some priority, decreases the complications incidences during needle indwelling, and postpones the length of indwelling, which can be the first choice.

Tacrolimus exhibits varied individual pharmacokinetic and a narrow therapeutic window, resulting in difficulties in personalized medication.In order to improve the safety of tacrolimus in clinical application and its efficiency and rationality in clinical practice, many countries and regions in the world have issued a number of guidelines for tacrolimus application.However, these guidelines generally aim at particular disease and race, and have certain limitation.In this article, the guidelines were explicated and analyzed in detail.Moreover, an individual tacrolimus medication recommendation for Chinese population was summarized based on the latest research of tacrolimus pharmacogenomics and therapeutic drug monitoring so as to provide assistance for the rational use of tacrolimus.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular basis for a rare case with Para-Bombay AB blood type. METHODS: Serological method was used to determine the blood type of the proband. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene and the coding regions of FUT1 and FUT2 genes were analyzed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Serological results showed that the proband was a Para-Bombay AB subtype. His genotype was determined as ABO*A1.02/B.01. The proband was also found to harbor c.551-552delAG and c.881-882delTT of the FUT1 gene. For his four children, there were three type B and one type A, though the expression of the H type was normal. CONCLUSION The double deletions in the coding region of the FUT1 gene probably underlay the Para-Bombay blood type in the proband. Carrier of single-strand deletions may have a normal ABO phenotype.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Fucosyltransferases/genetics* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Phenotype ; Sequence Analysis

Objective To explore the value of controlling nutritional status(CONUT)score and related inflammatory indicators in predicting the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)patients,to provide a reference for better clinical assessment and individualized treatment plan.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 132 patients with ccRCC admitted to four comprehensive hospitals in Yibin during 2010 and 2018.Patients'medical and follow-up records were collected,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to analyze the area under the curve(AUC)and optimal cut-off value of CONUT score and related indicators.Survival curve was plotted with Kaplan-Meier method,and the influencing factors of prognosis were analyzed with Log-rank test and Cox regression.Results During the follow-up of 62(53,71)months,37(28.03％)deaths occurred.The disease-specific survival(DSS)and progression-free survival(PFS)were 51(41,58)and 46(35,56)months,respectively.The 3-year and 5-year DSS and PFS were 84.09％and 71.97％,and 75.00％and 71.97％,respectively.The AUC of CONUT score,neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(LMR)were 0.980,0.905,0.899 and 0.884,respectively,with the optimal cut-off values of 3.50,3.19,89.07 and 3.56,respectively.Cox regression showed that CONUT score(HR=0.042,95％CI:0.013-0.140)and PLR(HR=0.182,95％CI:0.045-0.744)were associated with DSS;CONUT score(HR=0.029,95％CI:0.010-0.086)and LMR(HR=2.984,95％CI:1.227-7.258)were associated with PFS.Conclusion The prognosis of ccRCC patients is related to their nutritional,immune,and inflammatory status.CONUT score and inflammatory factors(PLR,LMR)may be important predictors of DSS and PFS.