Bladder cancer is the most common type of tumor in the urinary system in China. Its incidence has been increasing and the disease has a high rate of recurrence. The gold standard for detecting and following up bladder cancer is cystoscopy and cytology. However, cystoscopy is expensive and invasive,and cytology is low sensitive.With further understanding cancer in molecular biology,numerous bladder tumor markers have been recently found. Tumor markers play very important role in the diagnosis of cancer,the judgement of invasion,metastasis,therapy effecta,as well as predietion and prognosis.The aim of this review is to discuss the advancement of hiomarkers for bladder cancer.

Objective]To observe the clinical effect of Shenmai Injection on chronic kidney disease(CKD) in V stage and the sustainable dialysis patients accompanied with both deficiency type of Qi and Yin.[Method] Choose 120 cases of such disease, randomly select 60 cases as control group with routine treatment;make another 60 cases as treatment group, added with Shenmai Injection. Both were treated for 4w, after that, compare their syndrome integral and score of both deficiency of Qi and Yin, blood pressure and hemoglobin indexes. [Result] In treatment group, the syndrome integral was much less than before, the blood pressure was increased a lot, so did the hemoglobin, the difference had statistical meaning. But there's no marked difference on control group. The comparison of them showed difference of statistical meaning. [Conclusion] Shenmai Injection can markedly relieve the syndrome of both deficiency of Qi and Yin, improve the blood pressure and hemoglobin in dialysis, and improve patients' dialysis quality.

Cbl-b (Casitas B cell lymphoma-b ) gene is a member of the cbl family,and the Cbl-b pro-tein plays an important role in regulating anti-tumor immunity by interacting with the signal transduetion pro-tein. Silencing Cbl-b expression in peripheral blood T cells by gene interference technology can regulate body's anti-tumor immunity.It is expected to achieve a major breakthrough in cancer therapy.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of CT-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy of renal cyst aspiration. Methods:Analyzed 46 cases with renal cysts who were treated by CT-guided percutaneous aspiration sclerotherapy. The main points included: the selection of the best level, the puncture point, angle and depth of needle;exhausted the allantoic fluid, pumped into pure ethanol and exhausted it after 5~10minutes. Results: 46 cases were successful puncture, the cure rate was 96%of 3 month, the cure rate was 78.26%of 6 month, four cases of complicated fever, complications of 8.70%, six cases of complicated tremulous, complications of 13.04%, zero cases of complicated aerothorax, complications of 0%, four cases of complicated pain, complications of 8.70%, two cases of complicated blood urine, complications of 4.36%. Conclusion:Treat the renal cyst through the puncture sclerosing therapy under CT guidance, it’s puncture success rate is high, fewer complications, significant effect, it is the preferred method of treating of renal cysts, worth to promote in the clinical application.

Objective: To evaluate clinical effect and safety of CT mediated radiofrequency in situ destructive treatment was carried out by percutaneously for lung cancer. Methods:A CT-mediated multipole probe radiofrequency in situ destructive treatment was carried out by percutaneously for 36 lung cancers with different pathologic type. Destructive rate was evaluated by in aging and fine needle biopsy. Results: Blood pressure pulse SO2 and kidney and liber function had no changes for 36 lung cancer. After RF treatment reduction and no enhancement of tum or size and density had been shown. The destructive rate of tum or less no tumor cell avaibable had shown. Conclusion:CT mediated radiofrequency in situ destructive therapy is a new, effective minimum invasive with its safety for lung cancer.

Objective To study the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2)on marrow adiposity in ovariectomized (OVX)rats using water/fat MRI.Methods Twenty-seven female SD rats were divided equally into SHAM,OVX and OVX+E2 groups.BMD and marrow fat fraction (MFF)were measured at baseline and 6,12 weeks postoperation.Marrow adipocyte were evaluated by HE.Results OVX rats showed a significant increase in MFF over time,with an increase in MFF (by 40.0%)at week 6 from baseline ,and maintained until week 12 (by 69.4%).Compared with SHAM group,MFF in OVX group was markedly increased at week 6 but a reduction in BMD first detected at week 12.OVX rats had substantially higher adipocyte size (by 29.5%),density (by 57.3%)and volume (by 163%)than that in SHAM rats.E2 treatment prevented OVX-induced bone loss and rescued marrow adiposity to the levels of SHAM rats.MFF was inversely related to vertebral BMD(r=-0.668)and femoral BMD (r=-0.735)but positively associated with percent adipocyte volume(r=0.819),size(r=0.598)and density(r=0.743,allP<0.01).Conclusion Water/fat MRI may be an useful technique to quantify marrow fat content.By regulating the amount of marrow fat,this effect may contribute to the beneficial effect of E2 on bone mass.

Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second common neurodegenerative disease that mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. Currently,Levodopa is the main first-line treatment drug,but the long-term efficacy of patients is not good,and even side effects such as“on-off”phenomenon and orthostatic hypotension occur. Glucagon-like peptide-1receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)and analogues are endogenous peptide hormones that can be released into the blood and enter the central nervous system to exert neuroprotection by crossing the blood-brain barrier. Numerous studies have shown that GLP-1RA can improve movement disorders and restore dopaminergic neuron activity in PD. However,the mechanism of GLP-1RA is not yet fully clear. This paper summarized the mechanism of GLP-1RA and its analogues in improving PD movement disorders and restoring dopaminergic neuron activity,and reviewed the aspects of reducing neuroinflammation,inhibiting oxidative stress,inhibiting apoptosis,regulating mitochondrial morphology,increasing neuronal protrusions,enhancing autophagy,and regulating intestinal flora homeostasis,so as to provide new ideas for research of the mechanisms of PD and development of GLP-1RA-related new drugs.

Objective To understand the drug resistance in cancer patients with secondary non-fermenting bacterial lower respir-atory tract infection in order to provide a basis for clinical rational use of antibacterial drugs.Methods The lower respiratory tract specimens were collected from the patients with malignant tumor and identified by the fully automated microbial identification sys-tem,the drug susceptibility test was performed by using K-B method and the drug susceptibility test results were judged according to CLSI 2012 standard.The data were analyzed by the WHONET 5.6 software.Results 172 strains of non-fermenting bacteria were isolated from the lower respiratory tract specimens in the patients with malignant tumors,in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was maximum,accounted for 45.9%,followed by Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ,accounted for 36. 0% and 10.5 % respectively.The drug susceptibility test showed that five kinds of non-fermenter demonstrated the high resistance or multi-resistance to multiple antibacterial drugs.Conclusion Non-fermenting bacterial multi-drug resistant phenomenon is seri-ous,clinic should pay attention to non-fermenting bacterial infection and drug resistance monitoring,antibacterial drugs should be rationally used according to the drug susceptibility test results in order to reduce the generation of drug-resistant strains.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Fuzheng Yiliu Granule on the expression of CD44v6 and nm23-H1 in esophageal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy. METHODS: Sixty-three cases of esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups: Fuzheng Yiliu Granule plus radiotherapy treated group (n=30) and radiotherapy treated group (n=33). The carcinoma specimens were obtained through endoscopic biopsy before and after twenty-one days of treatment. The expression of CD44v6 and nm23-H1 was determined in the sixty-three specimens of esophageal carcinoma by immunohistochemical SABC methods. RESULTS: After twenty-one days of treatment, the positive rates of CD44v6 in the Fuzheng Yiliu Granule plus radiotherapy treated group and the radiotherapy treated group were 40.0% and 69.7%, respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The positive rates of nm23-H1 in the Fuzheng Yiliu Granule plus radiotherapy treated group and the radiotherapy treated group were 20.0% and 21.2%, respectively, and the difference was not significant between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Fuzheng Yiliu Granule can lower the expression of CD44v6 in esophageal carcinoma, and may prevent infiltration and lymph node metastasis of esophageal carcinoma.