The bioactivity tests showed that the induce resistance of oligochitosan was close relation with its degree of polymerization (DP) and its degree of deacetylation (DDA), the oligochitosan with low DP and high DDA has high induce resistance. In this paper, we used HPLC method and TOF-MS method detecting the DP and DDA of oligochitosan.

Objective To investigate the effects of oligochitosan on the humoral and cellular immunity in mice.Methods Divided the mice into four groups,test groups were given ip oligochitosan at doses of 60,120,240 mg?kg~(-1) for 14 days and the control group was given(0.9%) NS. The number of haemolytic empty spots,the level of serum hemolysin,the transform rate of T lymphocytes induced by ConA,delayed hypersensitivity were measured.Results Compared with the control group,indices including the number of haemolytic empty spots,the level of serum hemolysin,the transform rate of T lymphocytes induced by ConA,spleen ratio,ears swelling degree increased obviously in the dose of 120mg?kg~(-1) after two weeks of treatment.Conclusion Proper dose of oligochitosan can enhance the specific humoral and cellular immunity in mice.

Objective:To explore the current status of clinical teaching staff for the graduate program of master of nursing specialist (abbreviated to nursing masters) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) universities and compare it with the role expectations of students, aiming to provide a reference for the subsequent construction and improvement of clinical teaching staff.Methods:Totally 172 nursing masters from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan provinces and Tianjin and 86 clinical teaching staff from the hospitals where they practiced were selected using convenient samping and investigated with the self-made questionnaire from October to December 2018. The differences between clinical teaching staff's resources, abilities and students' expectations were compared. A total of 258 questionnaires were distributed among 86 clinical teachers and 172 nursing masters, and 258 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 100%. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of data.Results:There was a certain gap between the clinical teaching staff and students' expectations, especially in terms of the graduate school and academic qualifications of the clinical teachers. Totally 34.88% (30/86) of the clinical teachers graduated from TCM universities, while 71.51% (123/172) of the students expected to be taught by teachers graduating from TCM universities. Among the clinical teachers, 60.47% (52/86) were undergraduates, and fewer were masters or graduates with higher education. There was a certain difference between the teaching teachers' abilities and students' expectations. There were statistically significant differences in 17 secondary indicators (χ 2 were 12.027-130.149, P<0.05) , except for the professional attitude in clinical nursing abilities, decision-making abilities in clinical management abilities, communication abilities in interpersonal abilities, and collaboration abilities ( P>0.05) . There were statistically significant differences between students' current status and their learning needs for TCM nursing (χ 2 were 14.722-165.339, P<0.01) . TCM nursing skills and practical application of TCM nursing research were the contents that most students wanted to learn, accounting for 83.72% (144/172) and 70.35% (151/172) , respectively. Conclusions:There were differences between the current status of the teaching staff for nursing masters at TCM universities and the expectations of the students. The universities should fully consider the graduates' own expectations and needs based on the training objectives for graduates, actively explore the admission system for clinical teachers, improve the training system for teachers, and standardize the teaching evaluation mechanism based on the status quo of nursing talents in China.