Objective To evaluate the application of ultrasound elastography (UE) 5-point scores and ratio of traced area in diagnosis of breast diseases. Methods One hundred and thirty foure patients with 178 lesions were examined with UE. And 5-point scores were applied at first, and then the area ratios were calculated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to evaluate diagnostic value. The histology results were used as the golden standard. The optimal cut-off point was calculated. Results The sensitivity, speciifcity and accuracy of 5-point scores (score≥4) were 78.8%, 93.8%and 91.0%respectively. The sensitivity, speciifcity and accuracy of ratio of traced area were 75.8%, 95.8%, 92.1%respectively. There was no signiifcant difference between these two diagnostic methods (Ρ>0.05). The cut-off of ratio of traced area was 1.45. When combining these two methods, the sensitivity, speciifcity and accuracy were 90.9%, 98.6%, 97.2%respectively. The accuracy was signiifcantly improved (Ρ<0.05). Conclusions The ratio of traced area and 5-point scores were both valuable diagnostic approaches. The combination of the two methods can improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

[Objective]To evaluate the accuracy and value of CT guided biopsy of bone lesion.[Method]A total of 137 cases of CT guided biopsy were analyzed,including 1 case of cervical vertebrae,22 cases of thoracic vertebrae,47 cases of lumbar vertebra,8 cases of sacrum,9 cases of pelvis,2 cases of scapula and 48 cases of extremities.The biopsies were completed in local anesthesia under CT guidance,using trephine needle or Tru-cut needle.[Result]The puncture accuracy was 100%,the general diagnostic accuracy was 89.0%(122/137),in which the diagnostic accuracies of metastasis lesion,primary bone tumor and benign lesion were 95.8%(46/48),85.7%(36/42)and 85.1%(40/47)respectively.[Conclusion]CT guided biopsy was a safe and accurate method with little trauma and complication,having great value in deciding treatment of bone lesions.

Objective Through retrospective analysis of the thoracotomy of pulmonary metastases form osteogenic sarcomas in order to explore the related factors of prognosis and to improve the outcome of treatment.Methods From October1980to March2003,32cases with pulmonary metastases from sarcoma of bone were reviewed.62of thoractomy were performed for the patients,61of which were accomplished in the department of orthopaedics,and58operations were performed by the authors.There were32males and10females aging from11to61years with an average of 22.1years.The primary tumors of the patients were25oateosarcomas,3chondrosarcomas,2juxtacortical osteogenic sarcomas,and1each of fibrosarcoma and Ewings sarcoma.Of 32cases,21(65.6%)were treated with limb salvage,and11(34.4%)by am puta-tion.According to Enneking system,there wereⅡB in26andⅢB in5.25(78.1%)cases were bi lateral multiple metastases,6(18.8%)cases were unilateral solitary metastasis,and1(3.1%)case was unilateral mul tiple metastases.Most of the procedures of operation were local resection of the tumor ;however,only5cases underwent lobectomy.Results The postoperative complications included1case of severe bleeding cured by exploratory thoracotomy,2cases of lethal infections,and1case of atelectasis.Of 32cases,11sur -vived with out tumor at final follow-up.In25osteosarcoms,16were dead,2were lost from the follow-up;7cases of the other18cases that bilateral resections performed,were alive without tumor (38.9%)with a me di an survival time of 7years and3months.1each of Ewings sarcoma,paraosteal osteosarcoma and,chon-drosarco ma survived without tumor for 22years and5months,19years and3months,and13years and3months respectively.Conclusion Thoracotomy of pulmonary metastases of osteogenic sarcomas is an ef-fective method to salvage the patients life.The procedure of metastasectomy is local resection.The results al-so suggest that newadjurant chemotherapy is a important way to effect the condition of pulmonary metastases of osteogenic sarcomas.

[Objective]To evaluate the operability and clinical efficacy of injectable calcium sulfate for grafting bone defects.[Method]From June 2004 to August 2005,22 cases with benign bone lesions were treated with curettage and grafting with injectable calcium sulfate bone graft substitute(minimally invasive injectable graft X3,MIIG X3).There were 13 male cases and 9 femal cases.Their average age was 34.6(ranged,4~55).All the 22 cases were followed-up from 23 months to 37 months,average 31.6 months.All cases took radiographic examination regularly after the operation to assess the absorption rate of MIIGX3 and the formation rate of new bone.[Result]This injectable calcium sulfate with vacuum mixing was easy to use,providing complete fill and bony strength instantly when grafting bone defects.According to the raeiographs,MIIGX3 was absorbed almost at the same rate as new bone ingrowth in 8 to 24 weeks.[Conclusion]MIIGX3 is convenient to graft bone defects with fewer complications,capable of absorbing almost at the same rate as replacement of new bone.It's one of the best bone graft substitutes for grafting bone defects induced by benign bone lesions.

OBJECTIVE: In order to evaluate the potential of matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) as a prognostic factor for human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HLSCC). METHOD: Seventy-three surgical specimens from patients with HLSCC were reviewed retrospectively regarding MMP-2 expression via immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining was performed using a streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex technique. The patients were followed-up till June 2014 and the relationship between MMP-2 and clinical data including age, gender, metastasis, clinical type, pathological type, lymph node metastasis and prognosis were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. RESULT: The positive expression rate of MMP-2 in 73 patients was 57.53% (42/73). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated statistically significant difference for 5-year overall survival rate between the group with positive and negative MMP-2 expression,the 5-year overall survival rate were 76.0% and 57.5% respectively in the group with negative and positive MMP-2 expression. The site of the primary tumor, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and T grade were related to the prognosis of HLSCC (P were 0.002, 0.009, 0.034 and 0.001 respectively), and there was no significant correlation between age, sex, pathological differentiation and prognosis of HLSCC. CONCLUSION MMP-2 was related with worse overall disease survival and could be considered as a potential marker of poor prognosis.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Survival Rate

Objective To evaluate ultrasound combined with thri-operators and the blood-oxygen functional image (TOBOFI) technology in diagnosis of breast cancer in young women. Methods 221 breast tumor patients under 45 years old were selected to analyze their TOBOFI and ultrasonographic characteristics respectively. Based on pathological result, the two diagnostic methods were compared to determine the accurate rate. Results Of all the 221 patients, 82 (37.1%) were malignant and 139 benign. The sensitivity of TOBOFI and ultrasonography was 90.24% and 83.57% respectively, while the accurate rate of the two was 89.14% and 84 62% respectively. Accurate rate was improved to 93.90 % (77/82) if the two were combined. Conclusion TOBOFI has unique clinical value in diagnosing breast cancer in young women, especially in combination with ultrasound.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship of the local recurrence with the expression of protein Survivin and MMP-2 in the primary lesions and the surgical margins of laryngeal carcinoma. METHOD: The primary lesions and the surgical margins of laryngeal carcinoma of 48 patients were made into serial sections. Immunochemical methods was used to detect the expression of protein Survivin and MMP-2 in the primary lesion and the surgical margins of laryngeal carcinoma of 48 patients. RESULT: The positive expression for Survivin and MMP-2 in the primary lesion was 70.83% (34/48) and 66.67% (32/48) respectively, and the positive expression of Survivin and MMP-2 in the surgical margins of laryngeal carcinoma was 47.92% (23/48) and 37.50% (18/48), which in the primary lesion was significantly higher than those of the surgical margins of laryngeal carcinoma (P < 0.05). The recurrence rates of primary lesion positive for Survivin (34 cases) and MMP-2 (32 cases) were 26.47% (9/34) and 25.00% (8/32), which were higher than negative for them 7.14%(1/14) and 12.50% (2/16) (P > 0.05). The recurrence rates of those with Survivin (23 cases) and MMP-2 (18 cases) positive surgical margins were 34.78% (8/23) and 38.89% (7/18) respectively, which were significantly higher than those with negative ones 8.00% (2/25) and 10.00% (3/30) (P < 0.05). Logistic analysis showed that the expression of Survivin and MMP-2 protein in the surgical margins of laryngeal carcinoma was positively associated with the recurrence rates. CONCLUSION Laryngeal carcinoma patients with Survivin-positive or MMP-2-positive margin would have a higher recurrence rate. Survivin and MMP-2 protein can be used as biomarkers for local recurrence of laryngeal carcinoma after operation.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Survivin

Granulicatella species are facultative anaerobic, catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci, oral microbiome researches find out Granulicatella species are dominant bacteria in oral cavity which may cause opportunistic infection like periodontal disease, endodontic infection. This review summarized research progress of Granulicatella species.
Bacteria ; Humans ; Mouth ; microbiology

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimal y invasive treatment for spinal metastasis tumor, but the mechanism of the injected polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement in the treatment of tumor is not ful y understood. OBJECTIVE:To explore the cytotoxicity of PMMA bone cement and its monomers on tumor cel s. METHODS:PMMA extracts in the wire drawing and curing periods and different mass concentrations of monomer dilutions were co-cultured with human lung cancer cel s spc-A1. The cel morphology was observed using inverted microscope, the absorbance (A) values were detected by cel counting kit-8 assay, the relative growth rate was calculated, and the toxicity of PMAA bone cement and its monomers was evaluated at 1 and 3 days of culture, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 1 day of culture, the absorbance values in the 1 and 10 g/L groups were significantly lower than that in the negative control group (P<0.01). The absorbance values in the 1 g/L, 10 g/L, 100 mg/L and wire drawing extract groups were significantly lower than those in the negative control group at 3 days of culture (P<0.05). The relative growth rate in the 1 and 10 g/L groups was 26%-29%, and the level of toxicity was grade 4 after 1-day culture;at 3 days, the relative growth rate was decreased to 12%-16%, and the level of toxicity was grades 4-5. After 3-day culture, the level of toxicity reached to grade 2 in the 100 mg/L and wire drawing extract groups. These results indicate that PMMA bone cement in wiredrawing period and its monomers exert toxic effects on tumor cels.

Objective:There are limited data describing the clinical characteristics and prognosis of culture negative pyogenic spondylitis.The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment,prognosis and clinical characteristics of culture negative pyogenic spondylitis.Methods: A retrospective study reviewed 74 patients who were diagnosed with spondylitis in Peking University First Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015.A total of 27 patients suffered from pyogenic spondylitis.According to the pa-thogenic culture results,the patients were divided into two groups: culture negative group and culture positive group.The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results: The elder were more vulnerable to pyogenic spondylitis,and of the 27 patients,12 patients were female and 15 male.All patients had no history of administration of antibiotics prior to obtaining culture samples.A causative germ was identified in 14/27 patients (51.9％) with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common pathogen.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the patient's age,gender,visual analogue score (VAS),predisposing factor,clinical symptom,sign and spinal segment (P>0.05).Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P=0.056) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P=0.040) of culture negative group were lower in contrast to culture positive group.The incidence of vertebral abscess in culture negative group was higher than in culture positive group (P=0.046).After treatment,ESR dropped almost equally in both groups,and CRP dropped faster in the culture positive group (P=0.192).At last,there was no significant difference between the two groups in hospital stay,pain relief,open debridement operation rate,and recurrence rate of infection.Conclusion: ESR and CRP of the culture negative patient were lower than those of the culture positive patient,and the incidence rate of paravertebral abscess was higher than that of the culture positive patient.After administration of antibiotics,there was no significant difference between the two groups in duration of antibiotics,open debridement operation rate and recurrence rate of infection.So,culture negative may not necessarily be a negative prognostic factor for pyogenic spondylitis.However,we should watch out for the drug resistant bacteria or double infection,due to the long term use of wide-spectrum antibiotic in culture negative patients.