Objective To study the effects of enriched environment on the capacity of learning and memory and expression of brain derived neurotrophie factor(BDNF) expression of CA1 hippocampus in Wistar rats. Methods 20 male Wistar rats were raised from weaning(21 days old) to young adulthoed(50 -60 days old) in either an enriched or normal environment. The ability of learning and memory was measured with the Morris water maze test,and the expression of BDNF of CA1 hippocampus neuron was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results During Morris water maze test, the mean latency in enriched environment group was significantly shorter than that in the normal control group(24.37±5.45)s Vs (31.28±5.39)s;the time taken to cross the target in enriched environment group was significantly more than that in the normal control group(3.38±0.79)Vs (2.21± 0.49);the swimming distance of platform quadrant increased in the enriched environment group, and the decreased gray intensity of BDNF expression in CA1 hippoeampus was found in the enriched environment group. Conclusions Enriched environment can improve the capacity of learning and memory of the rats, which were realized may be through BDNF pathway.

Objective To explore drug abuse prevention measures by surveying the changes before and after methadone maintenance treatment(MMT). Methods The baseline survey data were obtained from patients who participated in the MTT program for the first time at Wuhan First Health Clinic of Mental Health Center Affiliated to Tongji Medical College between March 2006 and December 2013,and the general conditions of these patients were analyzed. Results There were 1 186 drug abusers, with a male and low education(junior high school and below)dominance. After the initiation of the MMT program,the number of addicted people was highest in 2008,and then gradually decreased after 2009.MMT program achieved obvious social benefits.The proportion of injectable drug use alone was decreased and the rates of oral drug use and snorting were increased over time.Fixed salary and temporary salary were obviously increased in drug abusers after 2009. Daily drug cost was decreased over time. The proportion of community/ media propaganda through which people got to know MMT remained low. Conclusion The community support and educational propaganda should be strengthened at the same time when MMT is carried out.

Objective To analyse the expressions and clinical significances of CXCR4,CXCL12 and PTEN in breast cancer.Methods The expressions of CXCR4,CXCL12 and PTEN in 60 cases of breast cancer were detected by immunohistochemistry technique SABC method.The correlations of levels of CXCR4,CXCL12 and PTEN expression and the age of patient,tumor diameter,histological grade,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,ER status,Her-2 status,and vessel invasion were analysed.Twenty cases of breast fibroadenoma tissues and 20 cases of normal breast tissues were analysed as controls.Results The expressions of CXCR4 (x2 =48.754,P =0.000),CXCL12 (x2 =47.611,P =0.000) and PTEN (x2 =19.994,P =0.000) in breast cancer,normal breast tissues and breast fobroadenoma showed significant differences.The positive expressions of CXCR and CXCL12 were significantly correlated with histological grade (x2 =11.080,P =0.004;x2 =6.978,P =0.031),TNM stage (x2 =9.819,P =0.007;X2 =10.163,P =0.006),lymph node metastasis (x2 =6.213,P =0.013;x2 =8.031,P =0.005),ER (x2 =12.774,P =0.000;x2 =7.330,P=0.007),vessel invasion (x2 =5.860,P=0.013; x2 =5.185,P=0.020) and Her-2 (x2 =5.487,P =0.019;x2 =4.689,P =0.030).The expression of PTEN in breast cancer was significantly correlated with TNM stage (x2=7.366,P =0.025),lymph node metastasis (x2 =5.511,P =0.019) and ER state (x2 =4.077,P =0.043).There was a positive correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and the expression of CXCL12 in breast cancer (r =0.336,P =0.004).There was a negative correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and the expression of PTEN in breast cancer (r =-0.362,P =0.004).There was a negative correlation between the expression of CXCL12 and the expression of PTEN in breast cancer (r =-0.360,P =0.004).Conclusion The high expression of the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 and the low expression of PTEN are closely related to the carcinogenesis and metastasis of breast cancer,which may play an important role in the development of breast cancer.

Objective To identify the biomarkers which can be used of estimating the biological behaviors of prostate cancer with osseous metastasis by SELDI-TOF-MS. Methods Screening for potential tumor biomarkers of serum samples from 19 prostate cancer patients and 35 prostate cancer patients with osseous metastasis by using the technology of SELDI-TOF-MS and CM 10 protein chips (Ciphergen Inc. USA).The PBS Ⅱ protein chip reader was used to analyze the CM10 protein chips and transform the protein information into the form of spectra. The protein contents of two groups in the same mass-to-charge ratio (M/Z value) were analyzed and preceded the analysis of variance by Biomarker Wizard software. The proteins whose contents in serum were significantly different, which was distinguished the correctly groups by Biomarker Pattern software. Results The contents of 4 proteins in the two groups were significantly different and the M/Z values of these 6 proteins were from 2000 to 20 000. The relative protein content of prostate cancer patients group was higher than that of Prostate Cancer patients with osseous metastasis group at the M/Z value of 2089,4281, 3507 and 4178 [(4.63±8.03) vs (9.88±10.77), (19.78±21.46) vs (26.73±19.41), (5.46±10.14) vs (8.10±8.74), (38.01 ±26.27) vs (45.25±20.40), (P＜0.05)]. The relative protein content of prostate cancer patients group was lower than that of prostate cancer patients with osseous metastasis group at the M/Z value of 15 900 and 16 081 [(11.52±16.80) vs (4.84±5.83), (8.55±12.64) vs (3.56±3.90), (P＜0.05)]. Conclusion The associated serum protein in prostate cancer with osseous metastasis can be quickly and exactly diagnosed by SELDI-TOF-MS with high sensitivity and specificity. This new method will be widely used in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effects of femoral nerve block combined with celecoxib on postoperative analgesia in elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods Two hundreds ASA -Ⅲ patients aged 65-89 yrweighing 35-90 kg undergoing hip fracture surgery were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 50 each):control group (group Ⅰ ), femoral nerve block group ( group Ⅱ ), celecoxib group (group Ⅲ ) and femoral nerve block +celecoxib group (group Ⅳ ). Operations were performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. Groups Ⅲand Ⅳ were given oral celecoxib 400 mg at 1 h before operation, and 200 mg at 1 and 2 days after operation twice a day. Groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ received iv injection of sufentanil 0.06 μg/kg before the patients were placed in the position, while in groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ femoral nerve block was performed using a nerve stimulation with 20 ml of 0.5%ropivacaine and 10 min later the patients were placed in the position. All the patients received postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with sufentanil to maintain visual analogue scale score ≤ 3. The condition of satisfactory analgesia and sufentanil consumption within 24, 48 and 72 h were recorded. The coagulation function was measured on the day of admission to the hospital, at 1 day before operation and at 4 days after operation. Cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI) concentrations were measured before operation, at the end of operation and at 1 day after operation. Postoperative complications was observed and recorded. Results Compared with group Ⅰ , the consumption of sufentanil was significantly reduced during each period in group Ⅳ ( P ＜ 0.01 ). Compared with group Ⅱ , the consumption of sufentanil was significantly reduced within 48 and 72 h after operation (P ＜ 0.05), while no significant change was found within 24 h after operation in group Ⅳ ( P ＞ 0.05). Compared with group Ⅲ , the consumption of sufentanil was significantly reduced within 24 h after operation ( P ＜ 0.05 ), while no significant change was found within 48 and 72 h in group Ⅳ ( P ＞ 0.05). The level of satisfactory analgesia was significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in the other three groups, and in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.05). The 4 groups were comparable with respect to the increased rate of cTnI concentrations at the end of operation and after operation, and perioperative blood coagulation. No postoperative complications were found in the 4 groups. Conclusion Femoral nerve block combined with celecoxib can reduce postoperative opioid consumption and enhance postoperative analgesia in elderly patients with hip fracture.

objective To study the role of anti-EBV antibody in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods Peripheral blood was obtained from 55 SLE patients and 29 normal controls,and anti-EBV-VCA IgG,IgA,IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay[ELISA).Totat RNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 33 SLE patients and 26 normal controls and then reverse transcribed into complementary DNA.Real-time PCR technique was used to determine gene expressions at the transcription level.Comparison of anti-EBV antibody level and interferon inducible gene expression was made between SLE Datients and normal controls by t-test.The associations between anti-EBV antibody level,lupus activitv and IFN inducible gene expression were analyzed by Spearman's correlation analysis.Results (1)The levels of anti-EBV antibodies in SLE patients were significantly increased as compared to those in the normal controls[IgG(41±6)vs(19±6)U/ml,IgA(15.4±1.8)vs(8.3±2.1)U/ml,IgM(7.8±1.0)vs(3.7±1.2)U/ml]cantly elevated in SLE Datients as compared to normal controls[IFN scores 11±13 vs 0±3](all P<0.05),but not correlated with the levels of anti-EBV antibody in patients(all P>0.05).Conclusion Anti-EBV antibody is overproduced in SLE patients but not associated with disease activity as well as the expression level of several major types of I IFN inducible genes,suggesting that EBV infection may not be a major factor mediating the activation of IFN pathway and consequently the exacerbation of SLE.

Objective To assess the clinical features of newly diagnosed primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). Methods Patients were diagnosed according to the international consensus criteria for Sjogren's Syndrome published in 2002. Clinical manifestations and laboratory tests of 86 pSS cases hospitalized in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital in the past two years were reviewed. Results Among the 86 patients, 95.3% were female and the average disease onset age was 38.6 years. The median time from disease onset to diagnosis was 6 months. Dry mouth, dry eyes and arthralgia were the most common symptoms. Hematologic involvement was found to be prominent in these patients (69.8%). The incidence of abnormal liver function, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension was 19.8%, 8.2% and 5.8% simultaneously. Younger patients (less than 18 years old) had lower frequency of dry mouth and dry eyes but higher ffrequency of fever and lymph nodes enlargement than the elderly patients (P<0.05). Patients with positive anti-SSA or anti-SSB antibodies had higher incidence of hematological changes as well as ESR than those with negative auto-antibodia. Elevated globulin/IgG and positive antinuclear antibody or rheumatoid factor (P< 0.05). Conclusion pSS is not always a benign disease. Some patients will develop vital organ damages very early and thus need to be identified and treated in time. It should not be overemphasize the importance of dry mouth and dry eyes for the diagnosis of pSS, especially in young patients. Those patients who have fever, high globulin level and positive rheumatoid factor of unknown origin should be screened for pSS.

Objective To study the function of human chorionie gonadotrophin(HCG) in adjus-ting the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in rabbit phallus with hypospadias. Methods Rabbit hypospadias mode was made by Finasteride. After the spontaneous delivery, 35 rabbits were divided into 5 groups with 7 in each group. Four groups accepted HCG intramuscular injection for 7 consecutive days with dosages of 100,200,400 and 600 U, respectively. The control group accepted the same dosage of saline injection. Another 7 normal rabbits were used as normal controls without in-tervention. After 3 weeks, the rabbit phallus tissue was collected and the VEGF levels were detected by ELISA. Results Rabbits with hypospadias accepted HCG 100, 200, 400, 600 U injection had the phallus tissue VEGF level of 5.00±2.37,5.63±1.73, 10.35±2.34 and 16.91±2.34 pg/ml, respectively. While the rabbits accepted saline injection had VEGF levels of 3.99±1.19 pg/ml. The normal rabbit phallus tissue contained VEGF level of 14.82±3.32 pg/ml. There were significant differences between normal group and the rabbits accepted HCG 100, 200, 400 U injection (P＜ 0.05), but there was no difference with the rabbits accepted HCG 600 U injection (P＞0.05). The VEGF level in rabbits accepted 400 U HCG injection had significant difference with rabbits accepted 100, 200, 600 U HCG (P＜0.05). The VEGF levels in rabbits accepted 100, 200 U HCG injection had no difference with rabbits accepted saline injection(P＞0.05). Conclusions The VEGF in rabbit phallus with hypospadias is decreased. HCG of certain dosage could increase VEGF level in rabbit phallus with hypospadias.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers are specific molecules to identify CSCs.Recent findings demonstrate that CSCs markers associated with colorectal cancer mainly include CD133,CD29,CD166,CD44,Nanog,etc.These markers can take park in the initiation and progression of cancers by various molecular mechanisms,which have the potential to be used as therapeutic targets as well as prognostic indicators.

Objective To study the influence of Captopril preconditioning on apoptosis and the expression of gp 130 in rats of acute myocardial injured. Method Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group, Iso group and Cap preconditioning group. Cardiomyocytes apoptosis was detected with TUNEL method. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in myocardium were tested by immunohistochemistry. The expression of gp 130 was tested with Western blot method. Results The index of cardiomyocytes apoptosis was decreased, the expressions of Bax proteins and gp 130 were decreased and the expression of Bcl-2 proteins was increased in Cap preconditioning group compared with Iso group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of gp 130 could be decreased through Cap preconditioning, which can reduce the cardiomyocytes apoptosis.