Objective To explore the clinic value and efficacy of color Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous microwave/radiorequency thermoablation for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Methods Fifty-six cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism who came from nephrology department of Beijing Friendship Hospital in the period of September 2012 to September 2013 were treated by color Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous microwave/radiorequency thermoablation. One hundred and thirty-eight glands underwent this treatment and were evaluated by contrast enhanced ultrasound before, during and after operation. The levels of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured before and at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after treatment. Results The whole 56 cases achieved 1 month follow-up and 34 cases and 12 cases achieved 6 months and 1 year follow-up, respectively. Two special cases had been excluded. The PTH levels of 54 cases were signiifcantly different between after and before treatment [(369.5±183.4) ng/L vs (1321.6±471.4) ng/L, t=10.727, P=0.000]. The PTH levels continued to fall at the ifrst week after treatment, but there was no statistical signiifcance between the ifrst week and the ifrst day after treatment [(324.6±172.8) ng/L vs (369.5±183.4) ng/L], while there was signiifcantly different between the ifrst week after treatment and before treatment [(324.6±172.8) ng/L vs (1321.6±471.4) ng/L, t=9.364, P=0.000]. The PTH levels increased from (324.6±172.8) ng/L to (332.5±164.9) ng/L at 1 week and 1 month after ablation, while there was no signiifcant difference.But there is signiifcantly different between 1 month after treatment and before treatment (t=11.348, P=0.000). The PTH level at 6 months after treatment [(205.2±136.3) ng/L] and 1 year after treatment [(177.1±171.5) ng/L] had signiifcant difference compared with the value before treatment (t=8.737, P=0.000; t=7.655, P=0.017). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous microwave/radiorequency thermoablation can be considered as a feasible and effective nonsurgical alternative treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism patients.

There were significant increase in urine protein excretion,raised malondialdehyde(MDA) level and expressions of NF-?B,p22phox and p47phox in renal tissue,and significant decrease in reduced glutathione,superoxide dismutase,vitamin C and E levels in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakisaki rats after 12 weeks. There was obvious histomorphologic change in the kidneys.All the above indices were improved by intraperitoneal injection of?-lipoic acid(35 mg/kg q.o.d).Besides,significant positive correlations were found of MDA level to p22phox,p47phox and NF-?B in the renal tissue,?-lipoic acid seems to protect the diabetic kidney in this diabetic rat model via antioxidative effects.

Surgical shunt is still an effective method in managing portal hypertension related gastrointestinal bleeding.To minimize the invasive trauma and adverse effect on transplantation remains to be the unsolved problem.Herein we present the use of a newly designed surgical shunt to cure massive refractory gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage in a patient,who was critically ill because of the extensive thrombus in portal venous system.The procedure is named gastrojugular shunt.For the sake of its simple operation and effective outcome,the procedure was performed on four other patients.All the patients were well treated and recovered uneventfully with good follow up results.

Objective To investigate the effects of CO_2 pneumoperitoneum on the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) of gastric cancer MKN-45 cells. Methods CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures was simulated in vitro, and the gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were divided into test and control groups. In the test group, gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were cultured in CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures [5, 10 or 15 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)] for 4 hours. The condition of the cells exposed to CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 15 mm Hg was observed at 0.5, 2 and 4 hours. Gastric cancer MKN-45 cells in control group were cultured at normal atmospheric pressure. The expression of FAK and phosphorylated FAK (FAK Tyr397) of each group was detected by Western blot. Multiple-group analysis was done by one-way ANOVA, and intergroup comparison was done by LSD test. Results In CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with pressures of 5, 10, 15 mm Hg, the expression of FAK was 2.14±0.17, 2.07±0.21 and 2.52±0.26, respectively, and the expression of FAK Tyr397 was 1.82±0.28, 1.93±0.52 and 3.71±0.37, respectively. The expression of FAK and FAK Tyr397 in the control group was 2.43±0.46 and 1.71±0.23, respectively. We found significant differences between the 2 groups (F = 2.171, 26.951, P < 0.01). After gastric cancer MKN-45 cells being treated for 0.5, 2 and 4 hours in CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 15 mm Hg, the expression of FAK Tyr397 was 3.41±0.44, 4.12±0.56 and 5.24±0.41 respectively, which is also significantly different (F =116.119, P < 0.01). The expression of FAK Tyr397 was back to 0.72±0.16 1 hour after the release of CO_2. Conclusions CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures can not promote the expression of FAK in gastric cancer MKN-45 cells which had been cultured for 4 hours, but can activate FAK through promoting its phosphorylation. The degree of FAK phosphorylation increases with pressure and time, and the activity of FAK decreases to pretreatment level rapidly once pressure is released.

Bufalin is an active compound of the traditional Chinese medicine Chansu, which exhibits significant anti-tumor activities in many solid tumors and leukemia cell lines. Bufalin could introduce apoptosis, reverse drug-resistance, and prevent migration and invasion of tumor cells. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect and mechanism of bufalin on a series of cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia, bladder cancer, and its formulation study is also summarized for the reference of its further study and application.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Bufanolides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology

AIMTo study the mechanisms of protection of bcl-2 gene transfection against heat-stressed cardiomyocytes.

METHODSCardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured. bcl-2 was transfected into cardiomyocytes with Lipofectamine transfection methods. The cardiomyocytes were stressed by heat. The change of H+ -ATPase synthesis activity of cardiomyocytes mitochondria caused by bcl-2 transfection was measured by chemical radiation method. The changes of Caspase 3 activity of cardiomyocytes caused by bcl-2 transfection was measured by fluorometric analysis.

RESULTSbcl-2 transfection could increase the H+ -ATPase synthesis activity of cardiomyocytes mitochondria under heat stress at 41 degrees C and 43 degrees C and could decrease the Caspase 3 activity of cardiomyocytes under heat stress at 41 degrees C and 43 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONThe protection effect of bcl-2 transfection on heat-stressed cardiomyocytes may be associated with preserved H+ ATPase synthesis activity of cardiomyocytes mitochondria and the activity of Caspase 3 of cardiomyocytes.

Animals ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Heat-Shock Response ; genetics ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Proton-Translocating ATPases ; metabolism ; Rats ; Transfection

0.05).The serum PICP of tubercular meningitis children after 4 neeks glucocorticoid therapy (108.85?46.13) ?g/L was significantly lower than that in control group((154.38)?47.98) ?g/L and glucocorticoid- pretreatment (152.99?44.78) ?g/L (P

Objective To investigate the effect of polymorphism of TNF-?gene G308A on sever- ity of myocardial damage during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Methods Sixty-three congenital ca- ses with ventrieualr septal defect(VSD)were divided into groups TNF1 and TNF2 after TNF-?gene pol- ymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR- RFLP)before surgery.When the right atrium was opened and closed,specimens of myocardium were ob- tained to study the ultrastructural changes by electron microscope and determine expression of TNF-?mR- NA.Concentration of TNF-?in plasma was measured by radio-immunity after anesthetic induction(T1), 20 minutes of CPB(T2),at the end of CPB(T3) and six hours after CPB(T4)in all cases,respective- ly.Results (1)TNF-?level and the expression of TNF-?mRNA in myocardium were significantly increased during CPB(P＜0.05)in both groups.(2)TNF-?mRNA level of group TNF2 was significant- ly higher than that of group TNF1(P＜0.05).The myocardial CK-MB in group TNF2 was significantly higher than that in group TNF1 at 24 hours postoperatively(P＜0.01).The electron microscope showed more severe ultrastructural changes of myocardium in TNF2 group compared with that in group TNF1(P＜0.05).(3)The concentration of TNF-?in blood plasma in group TNF2 was significantly higher than that in group TNF1 at time points of T2-T4(P＜0.05).Conclusion Polymorphism of TNF-?gene G308A may influence the transcription and production of TNF-?in vivo and hence affect severity of myo- cardial damage.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) gene deficiency associated invasive candidiasis, and report a novel mutation in CARD9 gene.Methods:The clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, treatment and the outcome of follow-up in a boy with invasive candidiasis were described. The boy′s main clinical manifestations were central nervous system infection and retroperitoneal mass. Whole-exome sequencing was performed and Sanger sequencing was verified to identify the CARD9 gene mutations in the patient and his parents. A literature search for “CARD9”and “invasive candidiasis”was conducted in PubMed, Wanfang and CNKI databases from their establishment to May 2020.Results:A 10-year-old boy suffered onset symptom of chronic diarrhea, which lasted for two months. The symptom was followed by progressive neurological symptoms such as headache, vomiting, seizures and disorder of consciousness. His unusual medical history was absent. Candida albicans were cultured several times in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, and yeast-like fungi were found in the stool high power field of vision. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging indicated obstructive hydrocephalus and abdominal CT scan showed retroperitoneal mass and thickening of the intestinal wall. The whole-exome sequencing analyses of blood samples from the boy and his parents were performed. The results showed that there was a homozygous mutation of c.952-12_956delinsAG in the CARD9 gene, which was an unreported pathogenic mutation. This was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. There was no significant relief from intravenous combined antifungal medications. After lateral ventricular drainage surgery and injection of amphotericin B into the lateral ventricle, improvement of clinical symptoms and cerebral spinal fluid abnormalities was observed after nine weeks, and the retroperitoneal mass shrank. At follow-up after four-month oral combined antifungal medications, the child had no complaint except fatigue. However, cerebral spinal fluid analysis showed increased protein level and decreased glucose. Persistent hydrocephalus and periventricular white matter abnormal signals were revealed on the brain magnetic resonance imaging and the smaller retroperitoneal mass than before on the abdominal CT scan. In addition to this case, totally 21 cases with CARD9 gene deficiency associated invasive candidiasis have been reported worldwide, most of which featured central nervous system infections.Conclusions:CARD9 gene deficiency is an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency that confers human susceptibility to fungal disease. The associated invasive candidiasis often affects the central nervous system and makes the patient severely ill. Adequate systemic antifungal therapies should be given, and patients with hydrocephalus need surgical treatment. A novel mutation is reported that expands the variant diversity of CARD9 gene. For patients with unexplained invasive candidiasis, including those without a history of previous recurrent infection, genetic testing is recommended for primary immunodeficiency including CARD9 gene deficiency.

Cocrystal separation technology is a technology that utilizes coformers to selectively form cocrystals with target compounds and separate them from mixed systems. Our study used puerarin (PUE), daidzein (DDZ), and genistein (GEN) as model drugs, which have similar structures and are the main isoflavones in Pueraria lobata root. The separation and purification processes in the modern traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) of these three components use conventional column chromatography, recrystallization, and other technologies, which have the issues of lengthy separation cycles, high solvent consumption, and inefficient preparation. Different with existing separation technology, our team used the early-found cocrystal separation method to design a step-by-step extraction and separation experiment of GEN-PUE-DDZ ternary mixture. Caffeine and L-proline were added to the mixed system in turn, GEN-caffeine cocrystal and PUE-proline cocrystal were prepared by suspension method. The cocrystals precipitated out of the solution. The purities of the GEN-caffeine cocrystal and the PUE-proline cocrystal could achieve 93% (the purity of GEN) and 99% (the purity of PUE). Besides, the purity of DDZ could also be increased by 6.76 times. This study proposed a simple operating, low cost and wide application range separation method different from the traditional separation method and realized the separation of structurally similar chemical components in TCM, laying a foundation for the application of cocrystal technology in the separation and refining of TCM.