Background High myopia is seriously harmful to visual function.To explore the mechanism of high myopia is significant for the prevention and treatment.Complement proteins C1q and C3 have emerged as critical mediators of synaptic refinement and plasticity,however,their effects in retina on myopia remain elusive.Objective This study was to investigate the expressions of complement factors C1q and C3 in the retina with negative lensdefocused myopia in guinea pigs.Methods The use and care of animals complied with the application of Peking Union Medical College Hospital Iaboratory Animal Welfare Ethics Committee.Twelve 3-day-old pigmented guinea pigs were assigned randomly to the lens-defocused group and the normal control group.The left eyes were covered by -10 D PMMA lens for 4 weeks as the defocused eye group,and the right eyes were covered using 0 D PMMA lens in the same way as the fellow control eye group.The right eyes of the normal guinea pigs were used as the normal control eye group.The refractive diopter of guinea pigs was examined by retinoscopy.The animals were sacrificed at the fourth week and the expressions of complement C1q and C3 in the retinas of guinea pigs were detected by Western blot.Results The diptors were (-1.21±0.71)D,(+2.46±0.75)D and (+1.75±0.50)Din the defocused eye group,normal eye group and the fellow eye group at the fourth week,showing a significant difference among the groups (F=51.55,P=0.69),and diopters were insignificantly different between the normal eye group and fellow eye group (q =2.62,P=0.08).However,the diopters of the defocused eye group were significantly higher than those of the fellow eye group (q =10.92,P＜0.01).The expressions of C1q and C3 proteins in the retinas were significantly different among the defocused eye group,fellow eye group and normal eye group (C1 q:F=8.810,P =0.003;C3:F =14.490,P＜0.001),and expression levels of C1q and C3 proteins in the defocused eye group were significant higher than those of the fellow eye group (C1q:q=4.14,P=0.01 ;C3:q=4.71,P=0.005) ;while no significant differences were found between the fellow eye group and the normal eye group (C1q:q =1.61,P =0.27; C3:q =2.82,P =0.070).Conclusions The expression levels of C1q and C3 up-regulate in the retinas with lens-defocused myopic animal model.Excessive complement activation in retinas may be involved in the development of myopia.

Objective To evaluate the changes of cardiac function and myocardial perfusion by Gated 99Tcm-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging after autologous mesenchymal stem cell implantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction at high altitude area.Methods 33 patients with anteroseptal myocardial infarction were ran- domly divided into two groups.18 patients (control group) underwent percutaneous tranluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and 14 cases (transplantation group) received additional mesenchymal stem cell transplantation.Myocardi- al perfusion imaging were performed in all patients before and at 6 and 12 months after treatment.Results Com- pared to pre-implantation,LVEF of transplantation group was improved 8%～9%after 6 months.The improving lev- els of control group were lower.However,there were not statistical differences among all data.Conclusion Mesen- chymal stem cell transplantation could improve myocardial systolic function and myocardial perfusion.

Objective To probe the characteristics of the ultrasonography of the intrahepatic duct cystic tumor(IDCT).Methods The ultrasonography of 12 patients with IDCT was analysed.The results were compared with the operation and pathology.Two of them were intraductal papillary adenomas,six were papillary adenocarcinomas,two were biliary cystadenomas and two were biliary cystadenocarcinomas.Results The ultrasonic diagnostic rate was 75%(9/12).The bile ducts of 10 cases(83%) were cystically dilated.Seven cases(58%) with thick walls of bile ducts were all malignant.Six tumors(50%) with intraluminal papillate echoes could be malignant or benign.The tremellose echoes were detected in 7 cases(58%) and the common bile ducts of six cases were obstructed by the tremellose substance.Conclusions It is the important diagnostic basis of IDCT that the bile ducts in some liver lobal or segment are dilated without reasons,with the thick bile duct wall and the poor ultrasound penetration,especially when the bile ducts are full of tremellose substance and the papillomas are detected in the ducts.It is of significance in the clinic to raise the early diagnostic rate of IDCT by ultrasound.

Objective: To study the antipyretic action of Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin and its effect on heart rate and blood pressure of rats.Methods: The model of pyretic rabbit was established by diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus triple vaccine,and to observe the effect of Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin on temperature of rabbit. Two-path physiological recorder was used to measure heart rate and blood pressure.Results: The experiment proved that Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin can decrease the anus temperature of pyretic rabbit obviously.Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizanate had no remarkably effect on heart rate and blood pressure.Conclusion: Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin has antipyretic action and has no effect on heart rate and blood pressure within studied dose.

The present study aims to predict the action targets of antidepressant active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan to understand the "multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways" mechanism. Using network pharmacology, the reported antidepressant active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan (saikosaponin A, saikosaponin C, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and pachymic acid), were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The prediction was made via screening of the antidepressive drug targets approved by FDA in the DrugBank database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the Xiaoyaosan ingredients-targets-pathways network. The network analysis indicates that the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan involve 25 targets in the energy metabolism-immune-signal transmutation relevant biological processes. The antidepressant effect of Xiaoyaosan reflects the features of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antidepressant pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.
Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Benzoates ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; Coumaric Acids ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; Glucosides ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; Lactones ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Monoterpenes ; Sesquiterpenes ; Software

In recent years, root rot diseases of Chinese herbal medicine have been posing grave threat to the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry. This article presents a review on the occurring situation of the root rot disease, including the occurrence of the disease, the diversity of the pathogens, the regional difference in dominant pathogens,and the complexity of symptoms and a survey of the progress in bio-control of the disease using antagonistic microorganisms. The paper also discusses the existing problems and future prospects in the research.
Animals ; Antibiosis ; Bacteria ; growth & development ; Fungi ; physiology ; Nematoda ; growth & development ; Pest Control, Biological ; methods ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology ; parasitology ; prevention & control ; Plant Roots ; microbiology ; parasitology ; Plants, Medicinal ; microbiology ; parasitology

BACKGROUND: Research has been reported that serum soluble CD146 (sCD146) expression was improved on the surface of endothelial cells and activated T cells by the stimulation of inflammatory factor. Therefore, it predicts that CD146 may participate in inflammatory reaction of tissue.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of serum sCD146 in peripheral blood from patients with ankylosing spondylitis.METHODS: A total of 62 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were selected from the Sixth People's Hospital AffiUated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University. All patients were divided into two groups: active group (n=46) and inactive group (n=16); while, 20 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. Indicators including Bath Ankylosing SpondyUtis Disease ActivityIndex (BASDAI),Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), patient's global assessment (PGA), night pain, visual analogue scale (VAS),morning stiffness time, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in all patients. The serum concentration of sCD146 from 62 patients with ankylosing spondlitis and 20 healthy controls was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Westergren method was used to measure ESR and immunoturbidimetry for CRP. Clinical data of the patients were collected as well.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: sCD146 levels of patients with ankylosing spondlitis were significantly higher than normal control group (P ＜ 0.05). The sCD146 expression in the active group was significantly higher than inactive and normal control groups (P ＜0.05). Positive correlations were observed between sCD146 and BASDAI index of patients with ankylosing spondlitis (P ＜ 0.05).The sCD146 levels of ankylosing spondUtis patients with peripheral joint involvement were significantly higher than the patients with axial involvement alone or the normal controls (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of sCD146 in peripheral blood was positively correlated with disease activities of patients with ankylosing spondlitis. It may play important roles in the pathogenesis in ankylosing spondlitis.

Re-evaluation of bioequivalence of generic drugs is one of the key research focus currently. As a means to ensure consistency of the therapeutic effectiveness of drug products, clinical bioequivalence has been widely accepted as a gold standard test. In vitro dissolution testing based on the theory of the BCS is the best alternative to in vivo bioequivalence study. In this article, the conventional dissolution method and flow-through cell method were used to investigate the dissolution profiles of domestic amoxicillin capsules in different dissolution media, and the absorption behavior of the drugs with different release rates (t85% = 15-180 min) in the gastrointestinal tract was predicted by Gastro Plus. The flow-through cell method was thought better to reflect the release characteristics in vivo, and amoxicillin capsules with regard to the release rates up to 45 min (t85% = 45 min) were having a satisfied bioequivalence with the oral solution according to the C(max) and AUC. Although two different dissolution profiles of domestic amoxicillin capsules were found by flow-through cell methods, prediction results revealed that domestic capsules were probably bioequivalent to each other.
Amoxicillin ; pharmacokinetics ; Capsules ; Computer Simulation ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Software ; Solubility ; Therapeutic Equivalency

Objective To probe the value of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) in differential diagnosis of the pure mucinous adenocarcinoma of breast (PMAB) and adenofibroma of breast (AFB).Methods Twenty-five cases of PMAB and 30 cases AFB were examined by CDU. The sonographic appearance, interior and peripheral blood flow distribution and Doppler frequency of the tumors were observed and analyzed. The results of the diagnoses of CDU and the pathologies were compared. Results The diagnostic rates of PMAB and AFB by CDU were 76.0% and 93.3%, respectively. The clear peplos was observed in 90% of AFB, and internal even echoes. Yet no peplos was observed in PMAB, and the internal echoes of most PMAB were confused and disordered. The detection rate of Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ stage blood flow in adenofibroma of breast was only 40% and that of Ⅰ ～ Ⅲ stage blood flow in PMAB was high to 76%.The detection rate of blood flow stage and the resistant index (RI) of the blood flow frequency spectrum of PMAB and AFB were significantly different. Conclusions CDU has significant clinical value in differential diagnosis of pure mucinous adenocarcinoma and adenofibroma of breast.

Aim To determine the function of nuclear factor-κB ( NF-κB ) in immunological liver injury of rat model and its effect on CYP2E1 expression, content and metabolic activity. Methods The immunological liver injury rat model was prepared by injection of Ba-cillus Calmette Guérin ( BCG,125 mg · kg-1 ) for 14 days. The hepatic tissue injury was revealed by hema-toxylin and eosin ( HE ) method and serum concentra-tion of alanine aminotransferase( ALT) , aspartate ami-notransferase ( AST ) respectively. CYP450 total con-tent in hepatic homogenate was determined by spectro-photography. The expression of CYP2E1 protein was detected by Western blot analysis. The enzyme kinetics of CYP2 E1 probe drug chlorzoxazone was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) as-say. Results The results showed that BCG-pretreat-ment ( 125 mg · kg-1 ) significantly increased the weight of liver and spleen, serum levels of ALT and AST(P<0. 01) , and decreased CYP2E1 expression, content and metabolic activity ( P <0. 05 ) . Adminis-tration of ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (50, 100, 200 mg·kg-1) reversed the a-bove hepatic injury stimulated by BCG in vivo. Moreo-ver, PDTC dose-dependently inhibited the down regu-lation of CYP2 E1 ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Passiva-tion of NF-κB can inhibit the down regulation of CYP2 E1 in liver tissue of immunological liver injury rats;NF-κB may be involved in CYP2 E1 down-regula-tion.