ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of non-linear dynamics characteristics of EEG during picture memory masks, and the application of non-linear dynamic analysis for memory research.MethodsEEGs of 30 healthy old volunteers were recorded under the states of opened eyes and picture memory. Correlation dimension (D2) was calculated for all subjects.ResultsD2 increased significantly during memory tasks compared with the rest state with eyes opened (P<0.05). In different memory tasks, the complexity of mental functions and the regions involved in the memory task were different.ConclusionNon-linear analysis is appropriate for the study of functional changes and working mechanism of brain during memory.

Objective To evaluate spectral CT imaging in characterizing the pathological type and the differentiation of gastric cancer.Methods Ninety-one patients diagnosed of gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were all underwent triple-phase enhanced scan using single source dualenergy CT on gemstone spectral imaging(GSI) mode.Three types of images were reconstructed for analysis:the water concentration (WC),iodine concentration (IC),and normalized iodine concentration (NIC).The patients were divided into groups of mucinous carcinoma (MUC),including mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma,and non-mucinous gastric carcinoma (non-MUC).Independent-samples t test was used for statistical analysis.Results There were 24 patients of MUC and 67 patients of non-MUC.The IC and NIC of the non-MUC were significantly higher than the MUC in vein phase (VP) and in parenchymal phase (PP) [(21.33 ±6.31) × 100 vs (16.94 ±6.13) × 100 μg/ml,0.55 ±0.17 vs 0.42 ±0.14 in VP,and(20.65 ±5.49) × 100 vs (18.07 ±4.51) × 100 μg/ml,0.72 ±0.20 vs 0.57 ±0.12 in PP,respectively t =-2.948,-3.362,-2.261,-4.326,P ＜0.05].The IC and NIC of the signet ring cell carcinoma were statistically higher than those of the mucinous adenocarcinoma [(19.36 ± 4.75) × 100 vs (12.10 ±5.92) ×100μg/ml,0.49 ± 0.09 vs0.28±0.11 in VP,and (19.88±3.28) ×100 vs (14.45±4.62) ×100 μg/ml,0.63 ±0.08 vs 0.47 ±0.11 in PP,respectively t =3.253,5.180,3.339,3.850,P ＜0.01].For the poorly differentiated and well /moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma,the IC and NIC of the former were higher than those of the latter in VP and PP [(23.48 ±6.49) × 100 vs (18.98 ±5.26) × 100 μg/ml,0.61±0.16vs0.48±0.15 in VP,and (22.95±5.51) ×100 vs (18.28±4.47) ×100 μg/ml,0.81 ± 0.21 vs 0.63 ± 0.15 in PP,respectively t =3.098,3.249,3.766,4.117,P ＜ 0.01].The between-group differences of WC,IC and NIC in artery phase were no significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Different pathological types could determine different IC.The spectral CT imaging may be helpful for characterizing the pathological type of gastric cancer.

Objective To assess the effects of air pollution on health of traffic policemen. Methods Sampling and the analysis of air pollution were conducted according to China national standards. 214 traffic policemen were investigated. Of them 149 were working on the streets and 65 were working in the office (taken as the control). Individual respiratory symptoms occupational histories and medical records were obtained using standardized questionnaire. Results The prevalence rates of cough and expectoration excessive phlegm eyes and throat unwell fatigue in policemen working on the streets were significantly higher than that in policemen working in the office and were correlated to the level of air pollution(P

Objective To assess the effectiveness of supracricoid partial laryngectomy in the treatment of laryngeal cancer. Methods This study infiuded 22 patients operated on from 1993 to 2000 using this surgical procedure. 22 were males with mean age of 63 years (ranging from 43 to 74 years). 21 were glottic cancers (3 T1aNoMo, 4 T1bNoMo, 11 T2NoMo, 3 T3NoMo) and 1 supraglottic cancer (T2N1Mo) according to the 1997 UICC system. Supracrieoid partial laryngectomy was performed, with the epiglottis preserved and reconstructed with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy (CHEP). Results The overall 3-year and S-year survival rates were 88.24％ and 70％, respectively. All patients were decannulated. The average time for decannulation was 25 days (ranging from 14 to 60 days). Speech was good in all cases. Conclusion CHEP not only excises the neoplasms completely and safely but also preserves the laryngeal physiologic function well.

Objective To evaluate the value of MRI in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of bone marrow involvement in patients with lymphoma. Methods 28 diagnosed lymphoma with bone marrow infiltration and 31 healthy spines as controls were included.MRI performance and the signal intensity ratio on T1WI (SIR1) of the spine bone marrow and cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed and statistical analyses were performed.Results Qualitative diagnosis among these patients,was shown than MRI results indicated that 27 cases had abnormal signal. The sensitivity of MRI was 96.4 ％. There were four main patterns of marrow infiltration in MRI,containing nodular pattern 21.4 ％ (6/28),scattered pattern 53.6 ％ (15/28),mottled pattern 14.3 ％ (4/28) and uniform pattern 7.1％ (2/28) respectively.By quantitative diagnosis the SIR1 of study group (1.251±0.253) was apparently lower than that in the control group (2.625±0.434) with statistical significance (t =15.022,P ＜ 0.001).The results of multiple comparisons showed that the SIR1 of mild degree (1.390±0.172),moderate degree (0.982±0.790) and severe degree (0.908±0.122) patients with lymphoma compared with the normal controls had significant differences (all P =0.000),and difference between mild and moderate degree had statistical significance (LSD,P =0.012),so did the difference between mild and severe degree (LSD,P =0.025).However,no significant difference could be seen between moderate and severe degree (LSD, P =0.757). Positive linear correlation was existed between the persentages of SIR1 and tumor cells in bone marrow (r =-0.765, P ＜ 0.001). Conclusion As a noninvasive and direct-viewing technique, MRI presents a global view of bone marrow with high sensitivity in detecting bone marrow involvement in lymphoma. To a certain extent, it could be possible to estimate the infiltration degree and evaluation of the tumor burden in bone marrow by quantitative measurement of MRI.

Objective To observe the effect of inferior epigastric artery angiography applied in the transplantation with the deep inferior epigastric perforator free flap.Methods Seven patients who had undergone the deep inferior epigastric perforator free flap transplantation,received angiography of the inferior epigastric artery.The value of the angiography was discussed.Results All patients were successful in angiography without any adverse reaction.Mll patients were successful in transplantation except one because of personal reason.Conclusion Inferior epigastric artery angiography facilitates the transplantation with the deep inferior epigastrie perforator free flap.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of selective attention such as attention control, working memory and attention persistence of frontal lobe in children with nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD).

METHODSWith Auditory Detection Test (ADT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and C-WISC, 14 children with NLD and 23 controls were tested and the results of sub-tests of C-WISC were analyzed with factor analysis. ADT was mainly applied to test the ability of auditory discernment and the function of dominance lateralization in the cerebra; WCST was employed to test the function of working memory which was based on the frontal lobe, and, C-WISC, to test the intelligent structure and characteristics.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the correct response rate of ADT in NLD group was much lower (P < 0.01), and the number of incorrect response was much larger (P < 0.01). Children with NLD had deficits of auditory selective attention. Moreover, the number of categories achieved (CA) and perseverative error (PE) of WCST were much lower (P < 0.05), which indicated that children with NLD had the disorders of selective attention and performance function. Factor analysis showed that perceptual organization (PO) related to visual space and freedom from distractibility (FD) related to attention persistence in NLD group were obviously lower than those in control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). These findings further supported the above-mentioned results.

CONCLUSIONSChildren with NLD had attention control disorder and working memory disorder mainly in frontal lobe; we suppose that the disorder in right frontal lobe was distinctive.

Attention ; Child ; Frontal Lobe ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Language Development Disorders ; physiopathology ; Learning Disorders ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Memory, Short-Term ; Neuropsychological Tests

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Shenkang Injection (SI) on hypertrophy and expressions of p21 and p27 in glomerular mesangial cells of rats cultured in high glucose fluid.

METHODSCultured rat glomerular mesangial cells were divided into 6 groups: the normal control group, mannitol-treated group, high glucose-treated group, high, middle and low dose SI treated groups. The synthesis of cell protein and DNA were determined with incorporation of 3H-TdR and 3H-Leu. The changes of p21 mRNA and expressions of p21 and p27 protein were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.

RESULTSHigh glucose caused incorporation of 3H-TdR reduced, incorporation of 3H-Leu increased. SI could decrease incorporation of 3H-Leu, increase incorporation of 3H-TdR. Compared with the high glucose-treated group, SI could inhibit the overexpression of p2l mRNA and protein,p27 protein induced by high glucose.

CONCLUSIONSI could inhibit hypertrophy of glomerular mesangial cells cultured in high glucose partly through inhibiting overexpressions of p2l mRNA, p21 and p27 protein.

Animals ; Cell Enlargement ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; pharmacology ; Mesangial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of non-linear dynamics characteristic of EEG in patient with acute cerebral stroke under eyes closed state. MethodsEEG were recorded in 31 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 22 healthy volunteers under eyes closed state. Correlation dimension (D2) and Approximate Entropy (ApEn) were calculated for all subjects. ResultsD2 and ApEn of uninjured forehead cortex (FP1,FP2)reduced significantly in the group of cerebral infarction as compared with the group of normal control at eyes closed state. ConclusionDynamic analysis based on D2 and ApEn topographic maps might be helpful in understand the changes of mental functions after stroke, that can be used in the study of mental function.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of posterolateral autograft bone graft fusion transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior debridement in the treatment of dorsal and lumber spinal tuberculosis. MethodsFrom March 1996 to July 2000,posterolateral autograft bone graft fusion transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior debridement procedures were used in 62 patients suffering from dorsal and lumber spinal tuberculosis in our department,48 of them were involved in a longitudinal study follow-up for a mean of 3.6(1.5-5.5)years postoperatively. ResultsAll patients showed successful posterolateral bone graft fusion. Among 38 cases of Pott's paraplegia, 30 were completely recovered,5 were partly recovered,the rate of recovery was 92.1%. The average immediate postoperative correction of kyphosis angle was 29.1°,the average loss of correction was only 3.2°at final follow-up.ConclusionsPosterolateral autograft bone graft fusion transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior debridement procedure were found helpful in strengthening the stability of the spine in dorsal and lumber spinal tuberculosis, providing successful interbody fusion and recovery of Pott's paraplegia, correcting the kyphosis, and preventing progression of kyphosis.