12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is an activator of protein kinase C (PKC)extracted from the croton oil, it is one of the most powerful inducers of differentiation as well as a powerful tumor promoter. It is used by the study of induction and differentiation generally, because of it can induce the differentiation of tumor cell and promote the lymphocyte transformation and secrete of lymphokine, meanwhile,it is able to induce many kinds of cell of leukemic cell strain like HL-60, HEL and so on, Some literature reported that TPA had the function of differentiation of primary leukemic cell. The article mainly explains the induction and differentiation of leukemic cell by phorbol ester as well as its mechanisms, which to provide the theory evidence for prevention and cure of leukemia.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the application of the tragus cartilage in tympanoplasty. METHOD: Thirty-eight patients with tympanoplasty carried out tragus cartilage-perichondrium repairing tympanic membrane. The air-bone gap changes and the recovery of patients'tympanic membrane were evaluated at pre-operative and two months after the operation. RESULT: Thirty-one patients finishing follow-up visit showed tympanic membrane healed and looked like normal appearance in 1 to 3 months after the operation. The postoperation narrow of the air-bone gap >18 dB, tragus looked normal. CONCLUSION Tympanic membrane reconstruction using the tragus cartilage-perichondrium is feasible for tympanoplasty, and the survival rate and postoperative hearing would be acceptable.
Cartilage ; transplantation ; Ear Auricle ; Hearing ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Tympanic Membrane ; Tympanic Membrane Perforation ; Tympanoplasty ; methods

Objective To evaluate the endoscopic managements of acute cholangitis of severe type (ACST) accompanied with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Methods A total of 122 ACST patients accompanied with MODS from January 2000 to October 2008 underwent endoscopic treatment in two time periods. In critical phase, emergent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plus en-doscopic naso-biliary drainage (ENBD) were performed to correct critical situation of the patients. After sta-bilization, endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) plus stone removal, EST plus stent placement, or laparoscopy was performed according to the causes of ACST. Results Emergent endoscopic managements succeeded in all patients of critical phase. At third day post-operation, a reduction in white blood cell count, serum total bilirubin, body temperature, and rate of patients with shock, mental symptoms and purulent bile juice was a-chieved. Recovery rate of dysfunction organs was 60.2% at one week after emergent procedure, and 82. 6% at 2 weeks post-operation. Selective EST plus stone removal was performed in 36 patients with a success rate n one session at 91.7%. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 85 patients with a success rate of 95.3%. Stent was placed in 16 patients with an effective rate of 81.3% at 3 months post the procedure. No severe complication or death occurred during the whole therapeutic course. The 6-month survival rate of 10 cancer cases was 70%. Conclusion Therapeutic ERCP plus ENBD is the first choice for acute severe cholangitis accompanied with MODS, while EST plus biliary lithotomy, or EST plus stent placement, or com-bined laparoscopy are ideal methods for subsequent treatment.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of TAK1 and p38 genes among different subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients,and to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with different expression levels of TAK1 and p38 genes.Methods GAPDH was made as an internal reference,14 healthy people as control group.The quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of TAK1 and p38 in bone marrow samples of 87 AML patients,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results The expression levels of TAK1 and p38 in experiment group were higher than those in control group (0.194± 0.125 vs 0.015±0.008,0.233±0.140 vs 0.010±0.005,P ＜ 0.001).TAK1 expression in M4 was higher than that in M2,M3 and M5 (P =0.005,0.000,0.002),TAK1 expression in M3 was lower than that in M2 (P =0.022).p38 expression in M4 was higher than that in M1,M2,M3 and M5 (P =0.013,0.035,0.000,0.045),as it was higher in M2 and M5 than that in M3 (P =0.001,0.012).The CD56 positive rate cells and the number of peripheral blood leukocytes of the TAK1 high expression group were higher than those of the TAK1 low expression group,the CD19 positive rate of the p38 low expression group was higher than that of the p38 high expression group.Conclusion The expression levels of TAK1 and p38 genes are elevated in AML patients,and the up-regulation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AML.

Objective:To understand the problems and countermeasures of information support for dentofacial deformities patients, so as to provide reference for optimizing the whole process of information support for orthognathic-orthodontics treatment.Methods:Using a descriptive research method, 10 orthognathic surgery and orthodontics specialists from a tertiary level A hospital were selected for semi-structured interviews in August and September, 2019 using the method of target sampling. The QSR Nvivo 12.0 software was used for analysis by adopting traditional content analysis.Results:According to the analysis, medical experts believed that the problems of information support in the whole treatment process of orthognathic-orthodontics treatment include the following three aspects: information content problems (incomplete information content, lack of "time" dimension, patient's psychological expectation and treatment outcome information asymmetry, lack of information for main caregivers), difficulties in information support (clinical workload, professional limitations, many key time nodes), existing network information problems (poor quality of network information, lack of pertinence of information content and the existing network resources were not effectively utilized); and three suggestions were put forward: customizing the treatment schedule of patients, developing diversified information support methods, optimizing patient treatment process.Conclusion:Medical staff should pay attention to the construction and improvement of the whole treatment information support content of dentofacial deformities patients, pay attention to the diversity of information support methods, optimize the patient treatment process, encourage the health care to cooperate with the homogenization management of the whole treatment information support, and explore the information support system suitable for the situation of dentofacial deformities patients in China.

Objective To observe the effects of low-dose ultra-shortwaves radiationon the expression of apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2 and Bax in lens epithelial cells(LECs) of rats.Methods Thirty-six Wistar rats were divided into a normal group(n=8 eyes),a control group(n=32 eyes) and an experiment group(n=32 eyes) randomly.Both eyes of each rat in the experiment group were exposed to a low-dose ultra-shortwave radiation for 7min,once a day until the end of experiment,while the control groups were not.Rats were executed after 1 w,3w,6w and 9w.Both eyes were resected,and lens were separated under a microscope and sectioned in paraffin.After Streptavidin-Biotin Complex (SABC) staining,Bcl-2 and Bax expression in the LECs were detected using an image analysis technique,and the data were analyzed using the software of SPSS 13.0.Results The average integral optical density (AIOD) of Bcl-2 expression in the experiment group was (0.391 ± 0.014) after 1 week,(0.4470.006) after2,(0.417 ±0.011) after3 and (0.275 ±0.007) after4 weeks.The corresponding AIODs for Bax expression were (0.180 ±0.015),(0.155 ± 0.007),(0.167 ± 0.003) and (0.251 ± 0.016) respectively.After l w of daily radiation,no significant difference was found in the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein between the experimental and the other 2 groups(P ＞ 0.05).Three weeks after the radiation,however,the expression of Bcl-2 protein in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control groups(P＜0.001),with that of Bax being significantly lower(P＜0.001).However,the expressions of Bcl-2 protein was significantly down-regulated and the expression of Bax protein was significantly up-regulated 6w later compared with those after3 w of exposure in the experiment group(P＜0.001) After9w,in the experimental group,the expressions of Bcl-2 protein was obviously down-regulated and significantly lower than the control group.Moreover,the expression of Bax protein increased significantly compared to the control group (P＜0.01).And there was no significant difference between the control and normal group(P＞0.05) in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.Conclusions Low doses of ultra-shortwave radiation may protect LECs against apoptosis for a few days,but they may cause damage with repeated exposure.

To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of low dose subcutaneous decitabine regimen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and intermediate-or higer-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).Of 6 AML cases,2 achieved complete remission (CR),2 with partial remission(PR),1 with stable disease(SD),1 with progressive disease(PD).As to the 8 MDS patients,one achieved CR and 6 with hematologic improvement (HI),1 case SD.Low dose subcutaneous decitabine regimen could be an alternative choice of older AML or MDS patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on autophagy and its effect on Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).MethodsThe cultured HUVECs were divided into either an oxLDL or a control group, and treated with 100 μg/ml oxLDL and equal volume phosphate buffer solution respectively.The cells were collected after 6 h and 12 h.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the autophagosome.Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect expression levels of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 mRNA.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of LC3, p62, P-Akt/Akt, P-mTOR/mTOR, and p-p70S6K/p70S6K.Results Compared with the control group, the number of intracellular autophagosome increased obviously (P<0.05), LC3 mRNA and protein expression levels increased significantly (all P<0.05), and p62 mRNA and protein expression levels decreased significantly (all P<0.05) in the oxLDL group.In addition, the phosphorylated protein expression levels of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K in the oxLDL group were significantly decreased than those in the control group (all P<0.01).However, total protein levels of Akt, mTOR, and p70S6K were not significantly different between the oxLDL group and the control group.Conclusion oxLDL may induce the autophagy of HUVECs via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.

In order to observe the damaged nerve successively, we used superficial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potential (MEP) in the pathological model of chronic compressed nerve of the cervical nerve roots of cats. We synthesized various change of the pathomorphology of the nerve damaged to different degrees, and discussed the relationship between the MEP and the pathomorphologic change of chronic compressed nerve roots. The results showed that the initial pathologic change of nerve with myelin was degeneration of myelin shealth. The MEP of the nerve also showed increased latency and dispersed wave forms. After that the axon of the demylinated nerve degenerated, splitted and had a peripheral Wallerian Degeneration. The MEP showed an increased latency along with decreased amplitude. The degree of the MEP's change accompanyed with pathologic change. So we believe that the magnetic compressed nerve. It has some reference value in figuring out the damage by analysing factors.

Powder is a powdery medicine dispensed in the form of a pulverized medicine from one or multiple Chinese herbal medicines, which has been recorded in theHuang Di Nei Jing (Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine),the earliest Chinese medical classic. TCM powder is widely used in various subjects by clinical TCM practitioners, especially in digestive system diseases. This article overviewed the clinical researches on the application of TCM powder in digestive system diseases, which could provide comprehensive references for further studies of TCM powder in the treatment of digestive system diseases and perfect its application in clinical studies.