Objective To investigate the influence of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR in proliferation and apoptosis of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Methods siHOTAIR was used to inhibit the HOTAIR expression in Tb3.1 human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line. The experiments were divided into siHOTAIR group, nonsense sequence group and blank control group. Real-time PCR was used to detect the HOTAIR expression. MTT assay was employed to determine the cell survival. The expression levels of Bcl2, BAX, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 were examined by Western blot assay. Tb3.1 xenograft tumor model was established in BALB/c nude mice, and the tumor model was divided into control group, negative group, and siHOTAIR treated group. The tumor tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry stain (IHC) and TUNEL assay. Results The detection of real-time PCR showed that HOTAIR expression was reduced after treated with siHOTAIR. Western blots assay showed that Bcl-2 protein was suppressed while cleaved caspase-3 and BAX protein were up-regulated after treated with siHOTAIR. MTT assay indicated that the cell survival rate was significantly reduced in siHOTAIR treated group. Flow cytometry detected that apoptosis levels were increased in siHOTAIR group. The level of cell senescence was higher in the siHOTAIR group than that of control group. Results of IHC indicated that Ki-67 and Bcl-2 protein of tumor tissue were inhibited, while BAX and cleaved caspase-3protein expressions were elevated simultaneously in the siHOTAIR group. TUNEL assay suggested that more apoptosis was observed in siHOTAIR group. Conclusion HOTAIR can affect proliferation and apoptosis of tongue squamous cancer cells. HOTAIR may be one of the new candidate targets for human tongue cancer therapy.

Objective To review the diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma of the scrorum. Methods Clinical data of 7 patients with basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum were analyzed retrospectively. The mean age of the patients was 66 years. The most common presenting symptom was a plaque or nodular lesion with pruritis on the scrotum. The lesions ranged from 1.5 cm to 4.5 cm in diameter. Five of the 7 patients had a history of misdiagnosis. The diagnosis was established by biopsy of the lesion in all the patients. All of the 7 patients had no distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis and were treated by wide surgical resection.Results Histopathologic examination of the specimens confirmed the negative surgical margins in all cases.The most common histological feature was lobules, columns, bands and cords of basaloid cells associated with a surrounding loose fibromucinous stroma.One patient developed left inguinal lymph node metastasis at 21 months postoperatively,and was treated by bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection.The patient was free of cancer for 36 months after that. Another patient developed lung metastasis 48 months after the first operation.He was treated by systemic chemotherapy with cyclophosph amide, epirubicin and cisplatin for 6 cycles and obtained complete remission.This patient was free of cancer for 13 months after the chemotherapy.The remaining 5 patients were all free of cancer after the operation. Conclusions Basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum is rare.Wide surgical resection alone is usually considered to be curative. Because of its potential of metastasis, long-term followup is indicated for this disease.

Objective To explore the identification of the hypoxia regions within the primary foci and imaging time selection in 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) imaging on patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods From July 2013 to July 2014,44 NPC patients (33 males,11 females,age range:18-74(53.45± 12.88) years) underwent 18 F-FMISO PET/CT imaging,including 3 cases with twice imaging (totally 47 case times).Inaging data were acquired and reconstructed 2 and 4 h after the injection of 18 F-FMISO.1s F-FMISO PET/CT images were merged with MRI images obtained 1 week before to construct fusion images.The boundary of primary tumor was determined based on MRI.Visual analysis was performed and SUVmax of posterior cervical muscles,NPC primary foci was measured by 2 observers respectively.The uptake ratio of primary tumor to muscle (TMR) was calculated.The identify consistency of hypoxic region between two observers were evaluated by Kappa test and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).The image contrast was evaluated by Wilcoxon paired rank sum test of TMR.Results PET images and MRI images of NPC primary foci were successfully fused.Positive non-NPC tissues were identified by MRI.The visual recognition of hypoxic regions of the two observers for 2 and 4 h imaging were highly consistent (Kappa =0.931 and 0.965,both P＜0.001).There was a high degree of consistency between the SUVmax of posterior cervicalmuscles and that of primary tumors.ICCs of posterior cervical muscles in 2 and 4 h were 0.896 (95％ CI:0.814-0.942) and 0.924 (95％ CI:0.865-0.958),respectively.ICCs of primary tumors in 2 and 4 h were 0.991 (95％ CI:0.985-0.995) and 0.998 (95％ CI:0.996-0.999),respectively.TMRs (M(P25,P75))in 2 and 4 h were 1.560 (1.341,3.015) and 1.675 (1.387,3.001) respectively in 24 positive case times,and the difference was statistically significant (z=-2.557,P＜0.05).Conclusions Using fusion images of 18F-FMISO PET and MRI,hypoxic tissues within NPC primary foci can be accurately identified.There is a high degree of consistency within the visual and quantitative analysis of two observers.The image contrast of 18F-FMISO PET at 4 h is superior to that at 2 h.

The aim of this study was to determine the raising anticancer effects of resveratrol (Res) on paclitaxel (PA) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line A549. The 10 µg/ml of Res had no effect on human fetal lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells or on A549 cancer cells and the 5 or 10 µg/ml of PA also had no effect on MRC-5 normal cells. PA-L (5 µg/ml) and PA-H (10 µg/ml) had the growth inhibitory effects in NSCLC cell line A549, and Res increased these growth inhibitory effects. By flow cytometry experiment, after Res (5 µg/ml)+PA-H (10 µg/ml) treatment, the A549 cells showed the most apoptosic cells compared to other group treatments, and after additional treatment with Res, the apoptosic cells of both two PA concentrations were raised. Res+PA could reduce the mRNA and protein expressions of COX-2, and Res+PA could reduce the COX-2 related genes of VEGF, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, NF-κB, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, procollagen I, collagen I, collagen III and CTGF, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and raise the TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, IκB-α, p53, p21, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bax genes compared to the control cells and the PA treated cells. From these results, it can be suggested that Res could raise the anticancer effects of PA in A549 cells, thus Res might be used as a good sensitizing agent for PA.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Caspase 3 ; Caspase 8 ; Caspase 9 ; Cell Line* ; Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Lung ; Paclitaxel* ; Procollagen ; RNA, Messenger ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Objective To explore the expressions of Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) related proteins including N-cadherin, Vimentin and E-cadherin in head and neck squamous cell carcino? ma (HNSCC), and to determine the relationship between the expression of CDK5 and prognosis. Methods The expression levels of CDK5 and EMT related proteins were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 55 patients who were diagnosed as HN?SCC. They were also analyzed in different clinical pathological factors. The correlation of CDK5 and EMT related proteins as well as the relationship between the expression of CDK5 and prognosis were also analyzed. Results The expression level of CDK5 was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than that in patients with non-lymph node metastasis (91.67%vs 30.23%, P<0.05). It’s also higher in T3-T4 stages than that in T1-T2 stages (85%vs 20%, P<0.05). The ex?pression levels of N-cadherin and Vimentin were significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than those in patients with non-lymph node metastasis (75.00%vs 6.98%;91.67%vs 27.91%, all P<0.05). However, the expression level of E-cadherin was significantly lower in patients with lymph node metastasis (8.33%vs 86.05%, P<0.05) compared to that in patients without. CDK5 was positively correlated with N-cadherin and Vimentin, but negatively correlated with E-cad?herin (rs=0.512, 0.443,-0.363, all P<0.01). The 3-year survival rates were significantly lower in patients with high expres?sion of CDK5 (37.5%) than that in patients with low expression of CDK5 (87%, Log-rankχ2=12.678, P<0.01). Conclusion CDK5 and EMT related proteins were activated abnormally in HNSCC with lymph node metastasis. CDK5 may be a new bio?logical marker for prognosis of HNSCC.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). Methods A multicenter clinical trial was conduced. 216 patients with OAB were enrolled. All the patients received solifenacin(5 mg once daily). With 5 weeks'treatment, all the patients recorded the diary and the adverse events as well. The symptoms of urgency, frequency, nocturia, urine volume, incontinence were evaluated. The results of the efficacy and safety were analyzed by using SPSS 13. 0. Results After 5 week treatments, all the index obviously improved(P<0.05). 187 cases (86.7%)were cured and 43 cases recovered normal voiding, 29 cases improved obviously. 11cases(5.0 %)reported adverse effect as dry mouth, dry eye. Conclusion Solifenacin could be the safe and effective drug in the treatment of OAB patients.

Objective:To build a predictive model for symptomatic radiation pneumonitis(RP) using the pretreatment CT radiomics features, clinical and dosimetric data of lung cancer patients by using machine learning method.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 103 lung cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from November 2018 to April 2020 was performed. Total normal lung tissues were segmented as an interested volume in pretreatment CT images, and then 250 radiomics features were extracted. The correlations of RP and clinical or dosimetric features were firstly investigated with univariate analysis. Then all clinical data, dosimetric data and CT radiomics features were collected and considered as predictors for modeling of RP grade ≥ 2. Features were selected through LASSO machine learning method, and the predictive model was built. Finally, nomogram for risk of RP were obtained according to the selected features.Results:The result of univariate analysis showed that symptomatic RP was significantly correlated with lung dosimetric parameters including mean lung dose (MLD), V20 Gy and V30 Gy( t=2.20, 2.34 and 2.93, P<0.05). Four features, including lung dose volume percentage V30 Gyand three radiomics features, entropy feature of GLCM, mean and median feature of wavelet histogram were selected among all clinical, dosimetric features and radiomics features. AUC of the predicted model obtained from selected features reached 0.757. For convenient clinical use, the nomogram were obtained, and then personalized RP risk prediction and early intervention could be performed according to this nomogram. Conclusions:Pretreatment CT radiomics and dosimetric features can be used in predicting symptomatic RP, which will be useful for advanced intervention treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of cavity thickness, area and distance under the bolus upon the dose in the superficial tissues. Methods An accelerator model was constructed based on Geant4.The model accuracy was validated by the comparison of the calculated data with the measured data. A 30×30×30 cm3 water phantom with the upper surface located at the isocenter level and a 30×30×1 cm3 water film were constructed. Different models with the water film close to or different cavities with the water phantom were established. Under the 10×10 cm2 field with 6 MV X-ray beam,the central axis depth dose distribution and the lateral dose profiles at a depth of 0. 1 cm ( profile1) of the models with different cavities were calculated. The calculated data of different model with the water film close to or different cavities with the water phantom were statistically compared. Results When the cavity thickness was ≤ 0. 5 cm, the cavity exerted slight effect upon the depth of maximum dose ( Dmax ) and superficial dose. As the cavity thickness was increased,the Dmax was also increased,the PDD at 0. 1 cm ( PDD1) was decreased rapidly and the profile1 was increased from the cavity center to the edge. Along with the increase of cavity area,the Dmax was initially increased and then decreased,whereas the PDD1 was first decreased followed by an increase. When the cavity area was small,the profile1 was gradually increased from the cavity center to the edge. When the cavity area was large,the profile1 was initially decreased and subsequently increased. When the distance was ≥0. 2 cm,it was qualified for the clinical requirement and it exerted no effect when the distance was≥1. 0 cm. The profile1 distant from the cavity was not affected. Conclusion The cavity under the bolus should be minimized to reduce the cavity thickness,area and distance as possible.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the thickness and area of the cavity between bolus and skin upon the dose deposition in the shallow tissues.Methods The linear accelerator head model of 6 MV X ray was constructed using Geant4,which simulated the accelerator working condition of 10 cm× 10 cm field and recorded the information of emergent particles as phase space file.A water phantom of 30 × 30 × 30 cm3 was designed at the SAD level.A 30 cm × 30 cm × 1 cm water film was constructed adjacent to or with different cavities to the upper surface of the phantom.The phase space file was utilized as particle source to simulate the particle transport process.The axis depth dose distribution and lateral dose profiles in the center area of the field at a depth of 1 mm,5 mm,9 mm,15 mm and 21 mm of the phantom were obtained,respectively.The simulated data obtained from water film with different cavities were compared with those of adjacent to the water phantom.Results When the cavity was ≤ 5 mm,the cavity exerted slight effect.When the thickness was increased,the maximum dose depth (Dmax) was increased,the PDD at Dmax (PD Dmax) became less,the depth of influenced lateral dose profiles was increased and the dose in the center area was decreased.Along with the increase of cavity area,the Dmax was initially increased and then decreased,the PD Dmax was at first decreased and subsequently increased,the depth of influenced lateral dose profile was initially increased and then decreased,the dose in the center area was first decreased and subsequently increased.The lateral dose profile distant from the cavity or located at a depth ≥ 15 mm was almost not affected by the cavity.Conclusion The thickness of the cavity between bolus and skin should be less than 5 mm and the cavity area should be small as possible.

Objective To study the effect of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of osteonecrosis .Methods 56 cases of osteonecrosis of femeral head ( ONFH) were treated with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells .DSA observed neovascularization after transplantation ,morphological changes of femoral head were observed by imaging method .Results Of the 30 patients who underwent autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation,86.6％had resuscitation of hip pain,23.3％ had improved hip function,and 85.7％ had walking distance .Examination showed that the arterial artery was significantly increased before transplantation , thickening,faster blood flow.The femoral head area of the bone was significantly improved (100.0％) after 12 -24 months.Conclusion The method of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is simple ,safe and effective.It is effective for stage I and II of the avascular necrosis of the femoral head .