Objective:To study the effect of bronchoscope lavage on the inflammatory mediators and pulmonary function of patients with refractory pneumonia.Methods:100 cases of patients with refractory pneumonia who were treated in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2015 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,the control group was treated with routine clinical treatment,and the observation group was treated with bronchoscope lavage.The curative effect and the changes of inflammatory mediators and pulmonary function of the two groups after treatment were compared.Results:After treatment,the effective rate of observation group was 90.00％(45/50),which was significantly higher than that of the control group (76.00％,38/50) (P＜0.05);the levels of endotoxin,IL-6,TNF-2 and LPO in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of both groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),which were decreased more significantly in the observation group (P＜0.05),the pulmonary function of both groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),which improved more significantly in the observation group(P＜0.05).Conclusions:Bronchoscope lavage had good therapeutic effect on the patients with refractory pneumonia,it could effectively reduce the level of inflammatory mediators and improve the lung function.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Cholinesterase inhibitor combined with Compound haishe capsule on prog-nosis of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). METHODS:210 AD patients were divided into donepezil group,rivastigmine group,galantamine group,Compound haishe capsule group,donepezil + Compound haishe capsule group,rivastigmine + Com-pound haishe capsule,and galantamine + Compound haishe capsule group,30 cases in each group according to visiting order. Donepezil group received Donepezil hydrochloride tablet 5 mg(<1 month)before going to bed,10 mg(≥1 month),po,qd;riv-astigmine group received Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate capsule 1.5 mg(<1 month)before going to bed,3.0 mg(≥1 month), po,bid;galantamine group received Galantamine hydrobromide tablet 2 mg (<2 weeks),4 mg (2-4 weeks),6 mg (>4 weeks),po,bid;Compound haishe capsule received Compound haishe capsule 3 casuples,po,tid;donepezil + Compound haishe capsule group received Donepezil hydrochloride tablet 5 mg,po,qd + Compound haishe capsule 3 casuples,po,tid;galantamine+ Compound haishe capsule group received Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate capsule 1.5 mg,po,bid + Compound haishe capsule 3 casuples,po,tid;galantamine+Compound haishe capsule group received Galantamine hydrobromide tablet 4 mg,po,bid+Com-pound haishe capsule 3 casuples, po, tid. The treatment course for all groups was 3 months. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE),AD dementia rating scale (ADAS-cog) and ability of daily life (ADL score) before and after treatment,and TESS score after treatment in all groups were observed,and the occurrence of ADR was observed. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in MMSE, ADAS-cog and ADL score between 2 groups before treatment (P>0.05).After treatment, MMSE, ADAS-cog and ADL score in all groups were obviously improved;MMSE scores in ChEI combined with Compound haishe cap-sule groups were obviously higher than appropriate ChEI alone groups and Compound haishe capsule alone group,ADAS-cog and ADL scores were obviously lower than appropriate ChEI alone groups and Compound haishe capsule alone group;TESS scores in-cidence of adverse reactions in Compound haishe capsule alone group or combined with ChEI groups were obviously lower than ap-propriate ChEI alone groups and Compound haishe capsule group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:ChEI combined with Compound haishe capsule can effectively improve the mental state of AD patients,cognitive function and life activity,with higher safety.

OBJECTIVE:To determine Sarsasapogenin in Jujube seed concentrated pills by RP-HPLC-ELSD.METHODS:Separation of Sarsasapogenin was performed on Zorbax C18 column with methanol-water (90:10)as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1.The temperature of the drift tube was 85℃and the air flow-rate was at 1.71mL?min-1.RESULTS:The linear range of Sarsasapogenin was 0.112 7～0.676 2mg?mL-1(r=0.998 3).The average recovery was 99.83%(RSD=0.93%).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and suitable for the quality control of Jujube seed concentrated pills.

AIM: To optimize the extraction process of Myrrha by SFE-CO 2. METHODS: Orthogonal design was applied and GC was used to determine the contents of ?-Elemene in order to optimize the process. RESULTS: The optimized conditions were as follows: pressure 25 MPa, temperature 45 ?C and extraction time 4 h. CONCLUSION: The method of SFE-CO 2 is rapid, convenient in comparison with conventional methods.

Objective To investigate bone age of left-hand wrist in healthy adolescents of Shenyang and Beijing for assessing the process of skeletal development.Methods From 2008 to 2012,1333 adolescents (aged form 4.0 to 18.0 ys) of Shenyang and Beijing were enrolled in this study.Skeletal age was estimated by left hand and wrist X-ray using CHN atlas by 2 qualified radiologists.The correlation between skeletal and chronological age was analyzed using correlation analysis.Skeletal age and chronological age were compared using paired t test.The differences between skeletal and chronological age in genders and regions were compared using independent-samples t test.SPSS for Windows (version 13.0)was used for statistical analysis.P ＜ 0.05 was considered as significant difference.Results (1) Close correlation was found between skeletal age and chronological age (P ＜ 0.01) for both two genders and two regions.(2)Among 28 groups of investigation,16 groups (boys,11 groups) had higher skeletal ages than chronological ages with statistical significance,including Shenyang boys aged 6.0-18.0 ys,Shenyang girls aged 6.0-7.9 ys and 14.0-15.9 ys,Beijing boys at 6.0-15.9 ys and Beijing girls at 8.0-13.9 ys.(3) Comparison between boys and girls:5 groups showed significant difference,including 8.0-9.9 ys,10.0-11.9 ys and 16.0-18.0 ys groups in Shenyang and 6.0-7.9 ys,10.0-11.9 ys groups in Beijing.(4) Comparison between Shenyang and Beijing:6 groups showed statistical significance,including boys at 10.0-11.9 ys,12.0-13.9 ys and 16.0-17.9 ys and girls at 6.0-7.9 ys,8.0-9.9 ys and 10.0-11.9 ys.Conclusion Although CHN atlas method could reflect adolescent bone development,the skeletal age is higher than chronological age in many groups,and the difference between skeletal and chronological age is statistically different between genders and between two regions.This research can be used as a reference for the study of skeletal development and for further emendation of CHN atlas.

AIM:To explore the effect of FOXQ1 gene silencing on angiogenesis and proliferation ability of co-lon cancer cells induced by Sonic hedgehog (Shh).METHODS:Lentivirus expressing different FOXQ1-shRNA or nega-tive cantrol (NC)-shRNA was used to infect the SW480 cells.The best silencing condition was screened and used in the following experiments .The SW480 cells were divided into interfered group ( FOXQ1-shRNA) and control group ( NC-shR-NA) .The MTT assay was used to observe the doubling time and cell activity .Tube formation assay was performed to detect the ability of angiogenesis.Meanwhile, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, matrix metallopro-teinase ( MMP) 2 and cyclin D1 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot .After in-duction of the cells by recombinant Shh proteins , the changes of angiogenesis and proliferation ability in each group were detected.At the same time, the transformation of related gene was examined .RESULTS:Compared with control group , the angiogenic ability in interfered group was decreased , and no obvious difference of proliferation ability was observed .The expression of VEGF-A and MMP2 was declined significantly , and the expression of cyclin D 1 was not obviously changed . Recombinant Shh proteins improved the expression of FOXQ1 gene.Compared with NC-shRNA group, after induction, the angiogenic ability of FOXQ1-shRNA group was decreased , and the proliferation ability was not obviously changed .CON-CLUSION:FOXQ1 gene mediates the angiogenic ability but does not affect the proliferation ability of SW 480 cells.Mean-while, it may be regulated by shh pathway .

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO)exposure on Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 mRNA ex-pressions in both internal carotid artery (ICA)and basal artery (BA)in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups:HBO group and the control group,with each group consisted of 12 animals.The rab-bits in the HBO group were exposed to HBO at 2.2 ATA for 60 minutes each day for 3 successive days.The rabbits in the control group were normally fed without any treatment.Real-time PCR was used to detect Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions in both ICA and BA in 2 groups.Results HBO significantly decreased the Caspase-3 mRNA expression [(0.038 ±0.006 )vs .(1.000 ± 0.225)]and increased the Bcl-2 mRNA expression [(1.877 ±0.1 69)vs .(1.000 ±0.364)].In ICA,HBO similarly decreased the Caspase-3 mRNA expression [(0.41 9±0.091)vs .(1.000 ±0.1 75)]and increased the Bcl-2 mRNA expression [(1.269 ±0.270) vs .(1.000±0.1 1 7)]in BA.All the differences mentioned above were of statistical significance (P <0.01).Conclusion HBO ex-erts an inhibition effect on apoptosis in cerebral vascular endothelial cells.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the expres-sion of Caspase-3 mRNA and promoting the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA.

Objective This study aimed at exploring the causative genes and summarizing the clinical characteristics in two Chinese families with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection ( TAAD ) .Methods The whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing were applied to identify the causative gene.Family members were examined for features of syndromic ge-netic diseases by clinician and geneticist.Results Four known TAAD candidate genes were identified in family TAA01:rs140598(FBN1), rs185661462(MYH11), rs77620762(MYLK3), and rs111426349(TGFBR1).The TGFBR1 mutation (c.1459C>T) had been confirmed to co-segregate with the TAAD phenotype in all affected family members.Early onset of aortic root dilatation was significant in this family , and the average age at diagnosis of aortic root dilatation or aneurysm was23. 2 years.ACTA2(c.445C>T) was proved in family TAA02, and livedo reticularis was confirmed.Conclusion The causa-tive genes were identified via whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing in two TAAD families .Early onset of aortic root aneurysm was proved in TAA01, while livedo reticularis was found in TAA02.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the further study of myrrha.METHODS:The chemical components of myrrha extractives exteracted by super-borderline CO 2 extraction method,soxhlet extraction method,supersound extraction method and water vapor distillation method were analyzed comparatively by GC-MS.RESULTS:The components of extrac?tives extracted by different ways were very different,with more chemical compositions and more varieties in the super-bor?derline CO 2 extractives-there were great amount of resin besides volatile oil;high temperature and organic solvents residual could be avoided in the extracting process by super-borderline CO 2 extraction method.CONCLUSION:Super-borderline CO 2 extraction method was initially assessed to be a suitable extraction method of myrrha.

Objective To investigate the effects of constant magnetic field (CMF) on proliferation, apopto-sis and nitric oxide (NO) secretion of rat bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) intervened by C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods EPCs were isolated from rat bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation and cultured on fibronectin-coated dishes. The cells were divided into five groups, i. e., control group, CRP (12 μg/ml) group, CRP plus CMF (0.1, 0. 5, 1.0 mT) groups. Samples were collected 24 hours after incubation. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT chromatometry. Apoptosis rate was detected by flow-cytometry. NO content of culture medium was measured by nitrate reductase method. Results As compared with control group, cell prolifer-ation in CRP group reduced significantly (0. 265±0. 008 vs 0. 316±0. 011, P < 0.05), NO secretion also de-creased significantly [(22.7±4.5) μmol/L vs (37.6±3.8) μmol/L, P < 0.05], cell apoptosis rate elevated sig-nificantly [(10.8±0. 8) % vs (4.2±0.5)% ,P < 0.05]. Cell proliferation in CRP plus 0. 5 mT or 1.0 mT CMF group (0. 295±0. 009,0. 302±0. 010) were much more than those in CRP group (P<0.05), NO secretion contents [(28.3±4.9) μmol/L, (29.2±5.6) μmol/L]were also much more than those in CRP group (P < 0.05) , apopto-sis rate [(7.4±0.5)% ,(6.9±0.6)%]was significantly lower than that in CRP group (P <0.05). Conclusion CMF at intensity of 0.5 mT and 1.0 mT can antagonize the effects of CR, promote proliferation of EPCs and secretion of NO and inhibit apoptosis rate of EPCs.