[Objective]This study was aimed to evaluate treatment outcomes and toxicity of continuous-infusion EPOCH regimen for NK/T-cell lymphoma(NK/TCL).[Methods]From June 2003 to June 2008,34 patients including 30 nasal NK/TCL (88.2%)and 4 nasal type NK/TCL(11.8%)received doxorubicin,vincfistine,etoposide over 96 hours infusion with bolus eyelophosphamide and oral predinisone(EPOCH)chemotherapy as first-line treatment.Median cycles of EPOCH administered were 2.5(1-6 cycles).Additional involved field radiation therapy(IFRT)was administered to patients with localized nasal focus after chemotherapy.[Results]Among 34 patients,33 were eligible for response evaluation.The response rate(RR)was 60.6% (20/33)with complete remission(CR)rate of 45.5%(15/33).The RR of patients with nasal NK/TCL was 66.7%(20/30)with CR rate of 50%(15/30).Only one of the 3 nasal type NK/TCL patients achieved stable disease(SD),the other 2 had progressive disease(PD)during chemotherapy.After a median follow-up of 22(2-68)months,the estimated 3-year overall survival rate(OS)was 52.2%.For patients with nasal NK/TCL,the estimated median survival time was not reached,the 3-year OS was 59.4%.For patients with nasal type NK/TCL,the estimated median survival time was only 7 months.The CR rate was 75.0% for localized nasal NK/TCL who received initial EPOCH chemotherapy followed IFRT with the 3-year OS of 75.0%.Major adverse effect was myelosuppression.The incidence of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ neutropenia was 30.9%.No treatment-related mortality occurred.[Conclusions]EPOCH regiment was effective and well tolerant for nasal NK/TCL.Combined EPOCH chemotherapy followed by IFRT produced promising outcome for patients with localized disease.However,patients with nasal type NK/TCL responded poorly and more efficacious treatment strategies are urgently needed.

[Objective]To evaluate the clinical efficacy and side effects of DHAOx±R regimen in the patients with relapsed and refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL).[Methods]Twenty patients with relapsed or refractory NHL were enrolled into this study in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University.These patients were treated with DHAOx±R regimen(Dexamethasone 20 mg/day intravenous(Ⅳ)on day 1 to day 4,cytarabine 2 000 mg/m~2 3 h Ⅳ,every 12 hours on day 2;oxaliplatin 130 mg/m~2 2 h Ⅳ on day 1;with or without rituximab 375 ms/m~2 on day 0).Six patients were followed by high dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.Response to treatment wag assessed according to The International Working Group Criteria,including CR,PR,SD and PD.Side effects were graded according to WHO criteria,including 0-Ⅳ grades.[Results]Twenty patients received 47 cycles chemotherapy,13 patients(65%)received DHAOx chemotherapy and 7(35%)received DHAOx+R.The response rate(RR)for the whole group was 55%(11/20)with comeplete response(CR)rate 35%(7/20).The response can also be obtained in the patients who were already treated by platinum-based regimen before.The major toxicity Wag myelosuppression.The incidence of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ neutropenia Wag 35%(16/47),and febrile neutropenia was 17%(8/47).The incidence of grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ thrombocytopenia was 20%(9/47).Eight cycles(17%)occurred mild neumtoxicity.With median follow-up of 12 months,1 and 2-year overall survival rate were 70.6%.[Conclusion]DHAOx was an effective regimen for recurrent and relapsed NHL patients with mild side effects and further investigation is needed.

Objective:To study the possible immune escape mechanisms of HCoV-OC43 from human dendritic cells(DC).Methods:HCoV-OC43 was isolated from clinical specimen using BSC-1 cells and identified by Real-time PCR,and the cytopathic effect was observed by phase contrast microscope.DCs were induced in vivo using hu-GM-CSF and IL-4 cytokines,and after 7 days of differentiation,DCs were infected by HCoV-OC43.The morphology of HCoV-OC43 infected DC was observed by transmission electron microscope,and the cytokines related to DC functions were detected by Real-time PCR after infection.DC proportion and function related co-stimulatory molecules were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:In vitro HCoV-OC43 infected human DC model was successfully built.HCoV-OC43 can infect DC and generate immune response of DC in vitro,but no virus nucleonic acid could be detected in culture supernatant.The DC expression of IFN-α,IFN-β,CCL3 and CCL5 were significant decreased when infected with HCoV-OC43,but the expression of costimulatory molecules including HLA-DR,CD1c and CD86 were not affected by HCoV-OC43 infection.Conclusion:Human DC could be infected by HCoV-OC43 and generate immune response,but could not produce progeny virus.HCoV-OC43 may escape from immune response by suppressing the expression of IFN-α and other inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in DC.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of SMILE regimen for NK/T-cell lymphoma. Methods From November 2006 to February 2008, 5 patients with relapsed and 5 with first treatment NK/T-cell lymphoma were involved in this study. These patients were treated with SMILE regimen including methotrexate, isofosfamide, L-asparaginase and etoposide.1 patient were treated with autolognus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT), and 2 patients received local regional radiation following SMILE. Results Among 10 patients, 8 were eligible to response evaluation. The overall response rate for whole group was 50 %(4/8) without complete remission. The overall response rate for both previously untreated and relapsed patients were 50 %(2/4). Major toxicity were bone marrow supression and transient transaminase elevation, the incidence of grade Ⅲ -Ⅳ neutroponia was 65 %, and febrile neutropenia was 25 %, Grade Ⅲ transaminase elevation was 10 %. Other toxicities were mild, no treatment-related mortality occurred. 26.1% cycles discontinued due to severe side effect. Conclusion SMILE may be an effective regimen for relapsed or refractory NK/T-cell lymphoma while significant toxicities were observed. Further investigation is requried before SMILE become a standard combination for relapsed or refractory NK/T-cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUND:Human periodontal ligament stem cels are a kind of mesenchymal stem cels that have self-renewal and multidifferentiation potential. Previous studies have showed that human periodontal ligament stem cels can differentiate into osteoblast-like cels or adipocyte-like cels under appropriate induction. Yet few studies have focused on the expression level of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor which wil affect the osteogenic potential of Human periodontal ligament stem cels. OBJECTIVE:To examine the expression level of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor between human periodontal ligament stem cels and human periodontal ligament cels and to discuss the role of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor in osteogenic differentiation. METHODS:By using magnetic-bead cel sorting, we separated and identified the human periodontal ligament stem cels and human periodontal ligament cels. We examined and compared the mRNA expression level of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor in human periodontal ligament stem cels and human periodontal ligament cels by Real-Time PCR. Osteoblastic differentiation was examined throughin vitro matrix mineralization by alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Positive immunomagetic sorted cels were positive for STRO-1, CD146, Vimentin, indicating that they were periodontal ligament stem cels. Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor was expressed in human periodontal ligament stem cels and mainly located in cel membrane and cytoplasm which were similar to human periodontal ligament cels and MG63 cels. The expression of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor in human periodontal ligament stem cels was 3.7 times higher than that in human periodontal ligament cels, which was similar to that in MG63 cels. After osteogenic induction, human periodontal ligament stem cels showed a higher expression of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor and osteoblast-related genes as wel as the activity of osteoblast alkaline phosphatase and mineralization compared to human periodontal ligament cels. Our data showed that parathyroid hormone 1 receptor was higher in human periodontal ligament stem cels than human periodontal ligament cels and the expression was related with osteogenic differentiation, suggesting that human periodontal ligament stem cels display a higher potency of osteogenic differentiation and act as seed cels with a vast application prospect in oral tissue engineering.

Objective:To analyze the molecular characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) strains circulating in Shantou city in 2018 and 2019 for elucidating the reasons causing strikingly different dengue fever epidemics during the two years and understanding the transmission characteristics and routes of DENV, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods:Detection of viral nucleic acid contents and amplification and sequencing of E gene were carried out on 872 samples positive for DENV acid in 2018 and 2019. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the E gene sequences to analyze the homology of DENV strains. The sources and transmission routes of the strains were also analyzed. Results:A total of 99 sequences of DENV E gene were acquired, including 68 DENV-1 sequences and 31 DENV-2 sequences. The cases of dengue fever were sporadic in 2018. Phylogenetic tree showed the strains isolated in 2018 were from multi-sources and closely related to those found in Guangzhou city and Southeast Asia area. Dengue fever outbreaks occurred in 2019 and most of the prevalent strains were from a single source, which was speculated to be Cambodia. Conclusions:Dengue fever in Shantou city was mainly caused by imported strains of the same year rather than by local strains in previous years. DENV strains in Shantou might be traced back to Southeast Asia area and transmitted to Shantou through many routes.

Objective To investigate the role of radiotherapy (RT) and prognostic factors in the combined modality treatment (CMT) of patients with stage ⅠE-ⅡE extranodal nasal type NK/T-cell lym-phoma. Methods From Dec. 1990 to Dec. 2006,177 patients who were diagnosed and treated in our hos-pital were retrospectively analyzed,induding 37 received chemotherapy (CT) alone ( median 4 cycles), 128 received CT (median 3 cycles) followed by RT (median 52 Gy) ,6 received RT alone (median 58 Gy) and 6 received RT ( median 54 Gy) followed by CT ( median 5 cycles). Results The overall response ( CR + PR) rate after initial CT was 60.8% compared with 83.8% after RT ( x2 = 28.63, P < 0.01 ). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and progress-free survival (PFS) rates were 46.2% and 36.8% ,respectively. The lo-cal control rates were 80.9% for RT ( alone or with CMT) and 50.0% for CT alone (x2 = 14.39, P < 0.01 ), and corresponding 5-year OS and PFS were 53.4% vs. 18.3 % ( x2 = 23.38, P < 0.01 ) and 45.0% vs. 10.9% (x2 =23.46,P <0.01 ),respectively. Compared with CT alone,the following definitive RT for patients who achieved response or not after initial CT significantly improved the local control [83.5%, 76.2% vs. 50.0% (x2 = 14.13,P <0.01;x2 =5.78,P <0.01)] and 5-year OS[56.2%,48.6% vs. 18.3%(x2 =28.87,P <0. 05;x2 =4.80,P <0.05)]. Concinsions Compared with CT alone, RT a-chieves better tumor response, local control and survival of patients not only with tumor response but also with local progression after CT. Definitive RT should be the reasonable choice of treatment for early stage extran-odal nasal type NK/T-cell lymphoma.

AIM:To investigate effects of thrombopoietin(TPO) and TPOⅡ on human platelet activation in vitro. METHODS:Human platelets were incubated in the phosphate-buffered saline containing rhTPO or TPOⅡ at the concentration of 100 μg/L for five minutes. In order to determine the rate of platelet activation. The CD62P and CD41 expressions on platelets were analysed by flow cytometry using fluorescence labelled monoclonal antibody to CD62P and CD41. RESULTS:The results demonstrated that expression of CD62P on platelets which were incubated with rhTPO or TPOⅡ didn't increase compared with that of contrast group. CONCLUSION:Both rhTPO and TPOⅡdidn't cause the disorder of platelet activation.

AIM: To investigate effects of thrombopoietin(TPO) and TPOⅡ on human platelet activation in vitro. METHODS:Human platelets were incubated in the phosphate-buffered saline containing rhTPO or TPOⅡ at the concentration of 100 ?g/L for five minutes. In order to determine the rate of platelet activation. The CD62P and CD41 expressions on platelets were analysed by flow cytometry using fluorescence labelled monoclonal antibody to CD62P and CD41. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that expression of CD62P on platelets which were incubated with rhTPO or TPOⅡ didn't increase compared with that of contrast group. CONCLUSION: Both rhTPO and TPOⅡdidn't cause the disorder of platelet activation.

ObjectiveTo study the physiologic and pathlogic alteration of the artificial bile duct generated by pedicled jejunum flap(CBD)in repairing local defect common bile duct of dog. Methods Common bile duct defected model was generated by partially cutting off CBDofdog.The pedicled jejunum flap with mesentery blood supply was created to repair the local defect CBD.The pH of bile was mcasuratcd during and post operation, the pathologic study was undertaken after 6 months.ResultsThe experimental group live 6 months and the symptom and signs is abnormal after operation.The result of blood routine and biochemistry examination is no change(P＞0.05).The pH of postoperative bile decrease(P＜0.01).The pH of bile was changed remarkably 1 day after the pedicled jejunum flap replacement.But no significant changing in the following 6 months(P＞0.05).The postoperative pathologic study show:the anastomosis of experimental group healing well,and fiber tissue proliferates at the site of anastomosis,The Epithelium of the jejunum flap was atrophy and there were large quantity of lymphocytes,plasma cells and neutrophil within the jejunum flap(10/10).The epithelium of bile duct nearby the jejunum flap appears slight proliferate and infused with lymphocytes and plasma cells(10/10).There were lymphoid follicles in 3/10 cases.ConclusionsThe jejunum flap repairing bile duct healing well,but there was inflamatic change around the jejunum flap and nearby bile duct after the replacement.These observation suggested it is feasible to use the jejunum flap repairing the defected bile duct.The local physiology is stable without any changes in pH of bile acid.The alterative materials like umbilical ligment,blood vessel would be favorable in repair of defected bile duct.