AIM To evaluate the effect of METHODS 2 month-old mice were fed routinelycistanche desertica polysacchrides(CDP) on the ni- for 11 mounths to establish the model of naturallytric oxids(NO) ,superoxide dismutase(SOD) in se- aging mice. The cistanche desertica polysacchridesrum and apoptosis of lung cell in aging mice. 25, 50, 100 mg ?kg~' were administrated respec- lively to the mice po. then investigated the concentration of NO, SOD and the morphological changes of apoptosis by fluoromicroscope. RESULTS Aging could induce the lung cell apoptosis, decrease the level of SOD, and increase the level of NO as well. The cistanche desertica polysacchrides signif- icantly ameliorated the lung cell apoptosis; decreased the level of NO, improved the activity of SOD. CONCLUSION Cistanche desertica polysac-chrides have ameliorating and postponing effects on the regressive changes in the lung of aging mice.

Objective · To explore family medical intervention model of senile dementia with behavioral and psychological symptoms. Methods · Four streets of Changning District in Shanghai were randomly selected and subjects were enrolled according to the inclusion criteria, who were randomly divided into the intervention group (n=71) and control group (n=70). The intervention group received door-to-door service from psychiatric doctors, given drug treatment and psychological intervention. Subjects were evaluated by several scales, including Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD), Mini-Mental State of Examination (MMSE), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease (QOL-AD), and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74), at baseline and by the end of 6 months and 12 months. Results · ① There was no significant difference in the total scores and all factor scores of BEHAVE-AD between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05). Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect of time (P<0.001). The between-group effect was significant in the total scores of BEHAVE-AD and the factor scores of affective disorder, anxiety and terror (P<0.001). The interactive effect of time×group was significant in the total scores of BEHAVE-AD and the factor scores of delusion and affective disorder (P<0.05). ② Intergroup comparison of the BEHAVE-AD scores indicated that by the end of 6 months, factor scores of hallucination, circadian rhythm disorder, affective disorder, anxiety and terror of the intervention group were remarkably better than those of the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). By the end of 12 months, total scores of BEHAVE-AD, and factor scores of delusion, conduct disorder, affective disorder, anxiety and terror of the intervention group were remarkably better than those of the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). ③ There was no significant difference in the scores of MMSE, ADL, QOL-AD and GQOLI-74 between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05). Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect of time (P<0.001). The between-group effect was significant in the scores of MMSE and QOL-AD (P<0.001). The interactive effect of time×group was significant in the scores of MMSE, ADL, QOL-AD, and GQOLI-74 (P<0.05). ④ Inter-group comparison of MMSE, ADL, QOL-AD, and GQOLI-74 scores indicated that by the end of 6 months, scores of MMSE of the intervention group were remarkably better than those of the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). By the end of 12 months, scores of MMSE, ADL, QOL-AD, and GQOLI-74 of the intervention group were remarkably better than those of the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion · The family medical intervention model of door-to-door services from psychiatrists integrating multidisciplinary team is effective to attenuate the mental and behavioral symptoms of senile dementia patients, and can improve the quality of life of patients and caregivers. The effect of persistent implementation will be more remarkable.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the single and mixed decoction of Thallus laminariae (kelp) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) on the metabolism and their difference. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice and the single decoction were made and intragastrically administered to the SD rats. The effect on system metabolism, the toxicity of liver and kidney were assessed by GC-MS profiling of the endogenous molecules in serum, routine biochemical assays and histographic inspection of tissues from SD rats, separately. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice induced more obvious pathological abnormalities in SD rats than a single decoction of kelp, while the extracts of licorice did not show any pathological change. Neither the mixed, nor the single decoction showed abnormal histopathology. After intragastric administration of extracts for 5 days, the mixed decoction induced a decrease of ALT (no significant change in the groups of single decoction) and an increase of BUN (so did the single decoction of kelp). Metabolomic profile of the molecules in serum revealed that the metabolic patterns were all obviously affected for the three groups, i.e., the mixed and single decoction of kelp and licorice. The rats given with the single decoction of kelp showed a similar pattern to that of the mixed decoction, indicating that the kelp primarily contributed the perturbation of metabolism for the mixed decoction. All three groups induced a decrease of branched chain amino acids, TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates (e.g., pyruvic acid and lactic acid) and an increase of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Kelp decoction showed stronger potential in reducing TCA cycle intermediates and glycolysis intermediates than the other two groups, while the levels of branched chain amino acids were the lowest after licorice extracts were given. These results suggested that the effect of the mixed decoction on metabolism was closely associated with both kelp and licorice. The continuous administration of single decoction of kelp and the mixed decoction of licorice and kelp resulted in pathological abnormalities in kidney of SD rats. The mixed decoction of kelp and licorice distinctly perturbed sera molecules and hence system metabolism, which showed associated with those of kelp and licorice. Although the metabolic effect was associated with both kelp and licorice, the results suggested kelp contributed to it primarily.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical applicability of the Simple Five item Scoring Scale for Sarcopenia (SARC-F) by systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods:PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Wed of science, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Ovid, China HowNet database, China biomedical data, VIP database and Wanfang database were searched by computer, and all the researches related to SARC-F questionnaire's diagnosis of sarcopenia from the establishment of the database to March 1, 2020 were collected. Two researchers independently selected literature, extracted data, and evaluated the bias risk of the study. Revman 5.3 software, Stata16.0software were used to comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic value of SARC-F questionnaire for sarcopenia.Results:A total of 13 studies involving 8 860 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria established by the European Working Group of Sarcopenia, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and the International Working Group for Sarcopenia were used as the gold standard. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.71, 0.69 and 0.67 respectively, and the Q-index was 0.659 3, 0.650 9 and 0.631 6.Conclusion:SARC-F questionnaire has a certain value in the screening and diagnosis of sarcopenia. In the future research, it is suggested to add the simple measurement of muscle quality on the basis of this scale to improve the accuracy of the questionnaire screening

Objective To explore the values of shear wave elastography (SWE) and ultrasonic grading in liver grafts from brain death donor (DBD).Methods Liver grafts of 39 DBD cases were examined preoperatively by ultrasonography (US) and SWE.Blood samples were tested preoperatively.Based upon early allograft function of liver recipients,the donors were classified into early allograft dysfunction (EAD) and early allograft function normal (non-EAD) groups.The SWE/ US grading results of EAD group were compared with those of non-EAD group.Receiver operating curve (ROC) was employed for analyzing the diagnostic accuracy of SWE/US grading in EAD.Results The SWE value of EAD group was significantly higher than that of non-EAD group [(6.65 ± 2.69)vs.(3.50 ± 1.27) kPa,P＜0.05].Ultrasonic grading of EAD group was also significantly higher than that of non-EAD group (P＜0.05).The area under ROC curve (AUROC) of SWE in EAD was 0.939,optimal cut-off value 4.56 kPa,AUROC of ultrasonic grading 0.806 (P =0.003) and optimal cut-off value level 3.5.Conclusions SWE quantifies fibrosis in liver grafts of DBD with a high diagnostic accuracy.There are significant correlations between EAD after liver transplantation and SWE value of liver grafts and ultrasonic grading.SWE and ultrasonic grading may improve the assessments of liver grafts of DBD.

Objective ToinvestigatethevalueofDWIhyperintensityinvenoussinusindiagnosisandrecanalizationpredictionof cerebralvenoussinusthrombosis(CVST).Methods Clinicaland MRIdataof19patientswithCVST wereanalyzedretrospectively. BasedonDWIsignalcharacteristicsoftheCVST,thepatientsweredividedintoasthehyperintensegroupandthenon-hyperintense group.TheintervaltimebetweenthefirstMRIexaminationandtheonset,andtherecanalizationratewithin1 monthand3 months werecomparedbetweenthetwogroups.Results Therewere76 CVSTinthe19patients,withhyperintensein16venoussinus (21%)andin11patients(57.9%).Theintervaltimewaslongerinthehypertensegroupthanthenon-hypertensegroupbutnosta-tisticalsignificance[(12.81±11.10)daysversus(5.70±7.82)days,P=0.165].17patientsunderwentthesecond MRIexamination in1month,andtherecanalizationrateoftheobstructedsinuswaslowerinthehypertensegroupthanthenon-hypertensegroupwith nostatisticalsignificance(P=0.130).14patientsunderwenttheMRIexaminationafter3 months,andtherecanalizationrateofthe obstructedsinuswaslowerinthehypertensegroupthanthenon-hypertensegroupwithstatisticalsignificance(P=0.047).Conclu-sion ThehypertenseonDWIhashighsensitivityforthedetectionofsubacuteCVST.Thepresenceofhypertenseinoccludedsinus onDWIhasthepredictivevalueforvesselrecanalization.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical value of GNB4 and Riplet gene methylation alone and in combination in the diagnosis of primary liver cancer.Methods A total of 313 patients were selected,including 78 patients with primary liver cancer,41 patients with other digestive system tumors,17 patients with non-digestive system tumors,20 patients with postoperative liver cancer,and 157 patients with benign liver disea-ses.The levels of GNB4 and Riplet gene methylation in plasma were detected using quantitative methylation-specific PCR(qMSP).Serum alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)levels were measured by direct chemiluminescence.Results The sensitivity and specificity of AFP in diagnosis were 51.3％and 94.3％,respectively;the sensitivity and specificity of GNB4 gene methylation in diagnosis were 83.3％and 99.4％,respectively;the sensitivity and specificity of Riplet gene methylation in diagnosis were 73.1％and 99.4％,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of GNB4 and Riplet gene methylation combined diagnosis were 92.3％and 98.7％,respectively;the sensitivity and specificity of AFP,GNB4 and Riplet gene methylation combined diagnosis were 92.3％and 98.7％,respectively;the sensitivity and specificity of combined diagnosis including age and gender were 93.6％and 97.5％,respective-ly.Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of AFP in the diagnosis of primary liver cancer are limited,while the methylation levels of GNB4 and Riplet genes are higher,and the sensitivity and specificity of their combined de-tection are higher than those of AFP.The sensitivity and specificity of AFP,GNB4 and Riplet gene methylation combined diagnosis are significantly higher than those of AFP,GNB4 and Riplet gene methylation alone.

Objective:To explore the contents and methods of clinical comprehensive evaluation of microecologics, with the example of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet, in order to provide evidence for clinical rational use of microecologics, and microecologics research, development and related decision-making, and to promote rational use of medications. Methods:Based on the research data collected from systematic literature search, health technology assessment methods such as evidence-based medicine and pharmacoeconomics evaluation were used to estimate the safety, efficacy, economics, suitability, accessibility and innovation of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet. Results:In terms of efficacy, Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet showed significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of pediatric diarrhea, antibiotic-related diarrhea, diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, and secondary diarrhea caused by diseases such as ulcerative colitis, as well as constipation and functional dyspepsia. It can also be used in the treatment of various diseases such as Helicobacter pylori related gastritis, liver cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In terms of safety, the incidence of adverse effects of this medication was low, and most were mild to moderate and transient symptoms. In terms of economics, compared with mesalazine alone in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of combination of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet and mesalazine was 1 743.2. Besides, the daily treatment cost of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet was lower than that of combination of Bifidobacterium triple viable and Bacillus licheniformis (1.87 to 2.80 yuan vs. 2.08 to 5.78 yuan). In terms of innovation, this medication had multiple patents and had been identified as a high-tech product in Zhejiang Province. In terms of suitability, the overall suitability of use and technical characteristics of medication were good. It could be further improved in the aspects of dosage form and system. In terms of accessibility, the price of the medication was stable, affordable and accessible to the general public. Conclusions:Based on the existing evidence, Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet presented effective with supported evidences, good safety, accessibility and innovation. The suitability can be further optimized. However, more in-depth and targeted research is needed in terms of economics and innovation in different clinical applications, and there is space for optimization in medication suitability.

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell-based quadrivalent influenza split vaccine (MDCK-Va) combined with different adjuvants.Methods:Different doses of MDCK-Va and chicken embryo-based quadrivalent influenza split vaccine (egg-Va) were intramuscularly immunized BALB/c mice twice with an interval of three weeks. Serum samples were collected to detect antibody titers using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. BALB/c mice were immunized with different doses of MDCK-Va combined with QS21, AddVax, PolyI∶C, CpG ODN 1826 and AddVax/PolyI∶C (Add/Poly), respectively. HI and microneutralization assays were used to detect antibody titers 21 d after the first and booster immunization. Spleen tissues were collected from the mice immunized with 10 μg MDCK-Va combined with the above adjuvants 5 d after the booster immunization to analyze spleen index and the types of spleen cells.Results:The immunoprotective effect of MDCK-Va was not inferior to that of egg-Va. MDCK-Va combined with each of the above adjuvants could induce higher HI antibody titer than MDCK-Va alone, especially the QS21/Va and Add/Poly/Va groups, and the differences were statistically significant. For H1N1 vaccine, the Pearson′s correlation coefficient ( r) between HI antibody and neutralizing antibody was 0.737-0.910, and for H3N2 subtype vaccine, the value of r was 0.839-0.947. Compared with the MDCK-Va group, the QS21/Va group showed significantly increased spleen index and decreased proportion of single lymphocytes. QS21 and Add/Poly were much better than other adjuvants in stimulating mouse splenic neutrophils and CD4/CD8 cells. Conclusions:Add/Poly had a stronger immune enhancement effect on MDCK-Va, suggesting that it was a potential adjuvant for MDCK-Va. The antibody titer detected by HI and MN assays had a strong positive correlation.