The biomarkers currently known for the early diagnosis of liver diseases often have poor sensitivities and specificities,and thus it is very important to find new biomarkers with high sensitivities and specificities for the early diagnosis of liver diseases.The emerging metabolomics technology has been widely used and may help to achieve this goal.This article reviewsthe research advances in the role of metabolomics based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the identification of biomarkers for liver diseases and emphasizes its significance in the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis evaluation of liver diseases.

To explore the effect of quercetin on the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells, HeLa cells were incubated with quercetin at different concentrations. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V/PI double labeled cytometry and DNA ladder assay. Cell cycle was flow cytometrically determined and the morphological changes of the cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope after Hoechst 33258 staining and the apoptosis-related proteins in the HeLa cells were assessed by Western blotting. The results showed that quercetin significantly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells and induced obvious apoptosis in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, quercetin induced apoptosis of HeLa cells in cell cycle-dependent manner because quercetin could induce arrest of HeLa cells at G0/G1 phase. Quercetin treatment down-regulated the expression of the PI3K and p-Akt. In addition, quercetin could down-regulate expression of bcl-2, up-regulate Bax, but exerted no effect on the overall expression of Akt. We are led to conclude that quercetin induces apoptosis via PI3k/Akt pathways, and quercetin has potential to be used as an anti-tumor agent against human cervix cancer.

Objective To study application effectiveness of different concentrations of chlorhexidine oral care solu-tion in patients with orotracheal intubation.Methods A total of 120 patients who were admitted to the general in-tensive care unit (ICU)of a hospital and undergoing mechanical ventilation via orotracheal intubation for >48 hours between January 2012 and December 2013 were included in the study,they were divided randomly into three groups,40 in each group.Trial group,control group I,and control group II were provided with 2%,0.2%,and 0.12% chlorhexidine oral care solution,respectively.Differences in halitosis,oral mucosal infection,onset time and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP ) among three groups were observed and compared. Results There were significant difference in incidence of VAP and early-onset VAP between trial group and control group I,trial group and control group II,respectively(both P <0.05 );incidence of VAP in control group II was higher than trial group(47.50% vs 20.00%,P =0.009).Conclusion 2% chlorhexidine oral rinsing and swabbing can effectively reduce incidence of VAP in patients with orotracheal intubation.

Objective To study the preventive effect of recombinant streptokinase (r-SK) on cerebral vasospasm (CVS) after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Methods Rabbit models of SAH were made by double blood injection into cisterna magna. A tube was inserted into lateral ventricle after 24 h. In group treating one, 1.25 mg r-SK were injected into lateral ventricle, and the tube was opened for drainage after closed 6 h, and then 6 h later, injection, closed pipe and drainage were recycled for another 2 times. In the group SAH , 1 ml normal saline (NS) was injected into lateral ventricle, and then the way was the same as group treating one. In group treating two, 3.75 mg r-SK were injected for once. 6 h, 12 h ,1 d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d later, 1 ml CSF was drained from the lateral ventricle in groups SAH , treating one and treating two ,respectively. The level of OxyHb in CSF was detected, angiograms of basilar artery(BA) were performed before and after 7 d of SAH,calculation the rate of calibre and histological examinations were also performed. Results (1)The level of OxyHb in CSF of group SAH was increased gradually while decreased in groups treating one and treating two. Compared with group SAH, the levels of OxyHb were significant lower in groups treating one and treating two at 1～7 d after administration(P

Language ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Translations

Objective To study the effects of treating intracranial hypertension(ICP) with different dosage Mannitol alone or combined with Furosemide.Methods 60 patients with high ICP after all kinds of operations on cranium and brain were divided into 4 groups according to the dosage of Mannitol alone or combined with Furosemide: 0.5 g/kg Mannitol(group A),1.0 g/kg Mannitol(group B),0.5 g/kg Mannitol and 20 mg Furosemide(group C),1.0 g/kg Mannitol and 20 mg Furosemide(group D).The effective power,rebound ratio,average effective time,average amplitude of decreasing ICP,plasma osmolarity and renal function were evaluated by monitoring intracranial pressure.Results In response of the effective power,rebound ratio of ICP and average effective time,groups C and D were more noticeable than groups A and B(all(P

Objective To evaluate the safety,biocompatibility and efficacy of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect(ASD)with no stainless-steel-screw occluder in canine model.Methods The device was constructed from superelastic Nitinol wires tightly woven into two flat disks and sewed with polyester fibers inside,with a pliable loop on the right-atrial-disk of the device,connecting to the delivery cable.ASD was created by transcatheter puncture and balloon dilatation and then closed by occluder under fluoroscopy in the catheterization laboratory.The location and the influence of the implanted device on function of tricuspid valve and mitral valve were evaluated by echocardiography.At 1,2,3 and 6 months after the operation,the animals were killed and autopsy was conducted.Results Eight dogs with puncture-produced ASD underwent ASD closing procedure successfully.The occluder showed no influence on the function of MV and AV demonstrated by echocardiogram.The two disks of the implanted device were covered with a smooth intact neogenesis layer in all dogs.Endocardial cells fully covered the surface of the two disk without inflammating reaction 3 months later. There was no evidence of corrosion on the surface of the nitinol wire removed from the dog after 6 months.Light microscopic examination of the liver,kidney,lung and spleen showed no evidence of embolization and inflammation.Conclusion Transcatheter ASD occlusion with new-type occluder is safe,feasible,effective and good biocompatibility with a good prospective clinical application.

Azacitidine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Multicenter Studies as Topic

BACKGROUND:Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) can stimulate the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) into cellcycle, and cause their immune activation, which is a common immune proliferation model. However, the role of non-PBMC ingredient of peripheral blood is unclear, as wel as the expression of endothelial cells related cytokines. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of whole blood culture and PBMCs alone culture with PHA on the PBMC proliferation and apoptosis, expression of inflammatory cytokine and endothelial cellsecreted cytokine markers. METHODS:Morphological changes of PBMCs separated from normal karyotype human peripheral blood individual y cultured with or without PHA were observed. The PBMCs were col ected by whole blood culture or PBMC separated culture. mRNA was extracted for the fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, which was applied to detect the cellproliferation, apoptosis, and expression of inflammatory cytokine and endothelial cellsecreted cytokines. The statistic analysis was used for the significance explication. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:PBMCs alone cultured ere different from those undergoing whole blood culture. The PHA could up-regulate the gene expression of Ki67, proliferating cellnuclear antigen, Caspase 3, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-βand interleukin-6, but down-regulate Protein C. This indicted that PHA could promote the proliferation and apoptosis of PBMCs and up-regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but down-regulate the expression of endothelial cells secreted coagulation cytokines.

Objective To explore the imaging typing of skull eosinophilic granuloma( SEG) in children,and the clinical significance of this typing system was determined. Methods The clinical and radiological data of 32 cases of SEG confirmed by pathology in the past six years were retrospectively reviewed. According to the imaging findings,which included the size and shape of the granuloma,and the degree of skull destruction,SEGs were divided into four types:typeⅠ( subtle granumoma) ,typeⅡ( exteriorly convex granuloma) ,typeⅢ( biconvex granuloma) and typeⅣ(multiple granulomas and destructions). The imaging features of different types of SEG were analyzed,and the signif-icance of imaging typing was explored combining with the clinical manifestations,treatment programs and prognosis. Results Three cases (9. 4%) were included in typeⅠ,in which,the granuloma was not obvious and the skull destruction was confined in the diploe and outer plate. In type Ⅱ (21 cases,65. 6%),the imaging features included an obvious exteriorly convex mass and complete skull destruction of in-side and outside panels. Granuloma remove and destructed skull repair were performed in all cases,in which 15 were followed up and no re-currence was found. The imaging features of type Ⅲ (5 cases,15. 6%) were biconvex mass which broke through the inner plate and op-pressed the dura and cerebral parenchyma. Therapy program included not only surgical excision of the lesion but also repair of skull and dura. Three cases were followed up and no recurrence was found. Type Ⅳ (3 cases,9. 4%) showed multiple skull destructions and granulomas of various sizes. Chemotherapy and surgery treatment,poor prognosis and ease recurrence were characterized by this type. Conclusion we put forward a imaging typing method for SEGs. This typing system is helpful in guiding clinical protocols and prognosis of SEGs in children.