Objective It has been shown that ketamine can effectively suppress expression of cell adhesion molecules in vitro. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ketamine on plasma adhesion molecules in vivo during cardiac valve replacement.Methods Twenty ASA Ⅲ-Ⅳ patients (7 males, 13 females) aged 23-65 yrs, weighing 31-77 kg undergoing cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into two groups of 10 patients each : ketamine group received ketamine 2 mg?kg-1 i.v. before induction of anesthesia and at the start of CPB and control group received normal saline instead of ketamine. Blood samples were taken from radial artery for determination of plasma P-selectin, L-selectin, ICAM-1, IL-6 and cTnI concentrations before induction of anesthesia (T0 ,baseline) , 20 min after initiation of CPB (T1) , 30 min after aortic declamping (T2) 4 h and 24 h after CPB (T3, T4) . Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, weight, operation time, CPB time and aortic cross-clamping time. The concentrations of P-selectin, L-selectin, ICAM-1 and IL-6 at T1-4 and cTnI at T2-4 increased significantly compared to baseline (T0) in both groups ( P

Objective To investigate the incidence and its related factors of apathy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 100 consecutive cases of ischemic stroke patients and 50 health controls were recruited in the present study. Apathy was assessed using modified apathy evaluation scale (MAES). According to the MAES score, acute ischemic stroke patients were divided into apathy group (MAES was more than 14 points) and non-apathy group. The differences of general information, clinical data, national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), modified rankin scale (mRS) and the lesion location were compared between the two groups. Differences that showed statistical significance (P<0.05) went into the multi-factor analysis. The Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the influence factors of apathy. Results There were 34 cases of apathy in patient group (34.00%), which was significantly higher than those of control group (3 cases of apathy, 6.00%, P<0.001). The age, incidence of diabetes, NIHSS score, HAMD score, lesions in brain stem and multiple lesions were significantly higher in apathy group than that of non-apathy group, while educational level, MoCA score were significantly lower ( P<0.05). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher MoCA score was a protective factor for apathy, while higher NIHSS score, lesions in brain stem and multiple lesions were risk factors for the incidence apathy. Conclusion The cognitive impairment, severity of neurological deficits, brainstem lesions and multiple lesions may be the risk factors of apathy after the occurrence of acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate calcineurin signaling pathway which mediates myocardium apoptosis of right heart in rats with chronic hypoxia and the potential mechanisms of it.Methods A rat model of right ventricular hypertrophy(RVH) was established induced by chronic hypoxia(95-105 mL?L-1 O2).Used randomized block design based on different brood,30 rats were divided into 3 groups:treatment group with cyclosporine A(CsA,10 mg?kg-1?d-1,intraperitoneal injection),chronic hypoxia group,normal control group(with normal oxygen).The rats in CsA treatment group and chronic hypoxia group were exposed to normobaric chronic hypoxia(95-105 mL?L-1 O2,21 days).Apoptotic index(AI),calcineurin A?(CnA?) mRNA levels,Bcl-2 mRNA levels and the protein expression levels of CnA?,nuclear factor 3 of activated T cells(NFAT3) and Bcl-2 in right ventricle were investigated.Results 1.The AI of treatment group with CsA was higher than that in chronic hypoxia group(P

Objective To investigate the effect of isoflurane inhalation during gestation period on plasticity of hippo-campal synapses in offspring rats. Methods Ten healthy pregnant SD rats at 14 day gestation were randomly divided into 2 gorups ( n = 5 each): control group (group C) and isoflurane group (group I). The rats in group C were mechanically ventilated with O2 while in group I the rats inhaled 1.3% isoflurane in O2 for 2 h a day until labor. Four weeks after birth 4 offspring rats from each pregnant rats (2 male, 2 female) were tested for learning and memory abilities using Morris water maze. Then the offspring rats were sacrificed and hippocampi isolated. The synaptic structure of hippocampal CA1 area was examined by trans-electron microscopy. Results Morris water maze test showed that the escape latency was significantly shorter and the number of times of spanning flat roof greater in group C than in group I. The structure of hippocampus was intact in group C but incomplete in group I. Meanwhile the thickness of synaptic density was significantly decreased in group I. Conclusion Isoflurane anesthesia of pregnant rats may induce learning and memory disabilities in offspring rats by inhibiting the plasticity of synaptic structure in hippocampus.

Objective To evaluate the expression of macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MiF) and cyclinD1 in pancreatic carcinoma and their relationships with clinical pathology characteristics. Methods The expression of MIF and eyclinD1 in 89 carcinoma and 5 normal pancreatic tissues was detected with immunohis-tochemistry methods, and the relationships among MIF and cyclinD1 expression and clinicopathological factors were studied. Results The overexpression of MIF and cyclinD1 was found in 88.8%, and 50. 6% of pancre-atic carcinoma tissues respectively. The overexpression of MIF had a significant correlation with Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ tumor stage (69. 2%, 94. 7%, 96. 4%, 100%, P <0.05), while the positive expression rate of cyclinD1 only had a significant correlation with tumor stages Ⅲ,Ⅳ (33. 3%, 68. 8%, P <0. 05). Both of the two proteins had a correlative tendency with pathological grade and lymph node metastasis. The different expression of MIF between pancreatic carcinoma with and without liver metastasis had no statistical significance, (100% ,85.9%, P >0. 05)while there was a statistically significant difference about cyclinD1 (66. 7% ,46. 5% ,P <0. 05). A significant positive correlation was also found between MIF and cyclinD1 (P < 0. 05). Conclusion The ex-pression of MIF and CyclinD1 was higher in pancreatic cancer tissues than in normal tissue, and they may be associated with the malignant stage, tumor differentiation, local lymph node and liver metastasis of this tumor.

20 beats/ h);⑤ normal control group(n=20):healthy person without OSAS or hypertension.The serum level of IL-6, sCD40L,hsCRP,sICAM-1,VACM-1 are determined by ELISA method.Results The serum level of IL-6, sCD40L,hsCRP,sICAM-1,VCAM-1 in patients of OSAS alone group or HT alone group is higher than that of normal control group;whereas,the serum level of IL-6,sCD40L,hsCRP,sICAM-1,VCAM-1 in patients with hy- pertension co-existed OSAS are furthermore higher than that of OSAS alone group,hypertension alone group(P

Objective To study the mechanisms of Curcumin-induced apoptosis on human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901.Methods SC,C-7901 cells were treated with various concentrations of Curcumin and the growth inhibition rates of it were accessed by MTT method.Apoptosis of gastric cancer cells were in- spected by flow cytometry.The expression of Fas and survivin in gastric cancer cells were evaluated by west- ern blot.Results Curcumin could effectively inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners,the sub-peak appeared and the apoptotic rate was increased.The expressions of Fas was higher in Western blot,meanwhile,the expressions of survivin was decreased.Conclusion Curcumin could significantly inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells(SGC-7901),Curcumin could probably through up-regulating Fas and down-regulating surviving to induce apoptosis.

Background T helper cell 17 (Th17),a newly discovered subset of CD4+ T cells,have been found to play an important role in dry eye disease in animal model.Further investigation should be done on the immunopathogenesis of Th17 cells in dry eye patients.Objective This study was to analyze the expression status of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22 in tear and supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dry eye patients and their correlation with clinical symptom and sign.Methods Twenty Sj(o)gren syndrome (SS)patients,twenty non-Sj(o)gren syndrome (NSS) patients were included in Wuxi Second Hospital from 2010 to 2011,and twenty healthy volunteers were recruited at the same period.All of subjects understood the purpose and procedure of research and written informed consent was obtained form each subject initial of this study.Dry eye symptom questionnairs were self-answered and multiple dry eye disease-related clinical tests,including the breakup time of tear film (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) and corneal fluorescein staining were performed.The periphery blood of 3 ml and tear were collected in all the subjects,and IL-17 and IL-22 levels in supernatant of PBMCs and tear were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The correlations between levels of IL-17 and IL-22 with BUT,S Ⅰ t,corneal fluorescein staining and dry eye scores were analyzed.Results The dry eye scores reduced,BUT prolonged,S Ⅰ t increased and corneal fluorescein dye decreased from SS group,NSS group to normal control group,with significant differences among the three groups (dry eye scores:H =40.81,P＜0.01 ; BUT:H =40.15,P＜0.01 ;S Ⅰ t..H=50.07,P＜0.01 ;corneal dye scores:H=40.52,P＜0.01).The concentration of IL-17 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (964.92±124.83)ng/L,(718.85± 115.89)ng/L and (341.95±85.08) ng/L,showing a statistically significant difference among them (F=162.95,P＜0.01).The levels of IL-17 in the tear were (440.69±126.09) ng/L,(364.33±126.85) ng/L and (61.16±11.60) ng/L in the SS group,NSS group and normal control group respectively,exhibiting an elevated level in the SS group and NSS group compared with the control group (F=75.27,P＜0.01).In addition,the levels of IL-22 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (98.77± 11.27) ng/L,(79.65 ± 11.01) ng/L and (32.78±9.34) ng/L,and those in the tear were (22.22 ± 8.96) ng/L,(14.92 ±4.35) ng/L and (10.47 ± 2.67) ng/L,with significant differences among the three groups (F =206.27,P＜0.01 ;F =19.87,P＜0.01).The significant correlations were found between the IL-17 and IL-22 concentration in the supernatant of PBMCs and tear with corneal fluorescein staining scores and S Ⅰ t.Conclusions The contents of IL-17 and IL-22 in PBMCs and tear upregulate in the SS and NSS patients,indicating that Th17 plays a key role in the immunity mechanism of dry eye.

Objective To analyze the laboratory diagnosis results and epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria cases in Chongqing Municipality in 2015. Methods According to the Standard Operating Procedures of Malaria Diagnosis Ref-erence Laboratory Manual,all the blood samples collected from the imported malaria patients were detected by microscopy, RDT and nest PCR. Meanwhile,the epidemiological data of the malaria cases were collected from the Parasitic Diseases Informa-tion Management System and analyzed. Results Totally 31 cases of imported malaria were reported in Chonqing Municipality in 2015,among which,there were 2 vivax malaria cases(6.45%),23 falciparum malaria cases(74.19%),5 ovale malaria cas-es(16.13%),1 malariae malaria case(3.22%). For the 5 ovale cases,three of them were confirmed as Plasmodium ovale wal-likeri infection. Among all the cases,30 cases(96.77%)were from African countries,1(3.33%)was from Southeast Asia. Thir-ty patients were male,and 1 was female. All the patients were aged from 23-61 years. There was no obvious seasonality in the case distribution. Both the medians of duration from malaria attack to first visiting a doctor and from first visiting a doctor to diag-nosis were 2 days. The medical care units that the patients first visited were mainly county-level units,while those that made the diagnosis were mainly provincial level institutes. Conclusions All the malaria cases in Chongqing in 2015 are imported,no lo-cal cases have been found,which suggests that this municipality still maintain the malaria elimination state. However,the moni-toring and management of imported malaria cases as well as the training on malaria control for related medical staff still need to be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the role of chemokine CXC-ligand 16 (CXCL16) in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the mice.Methods Twelve healthy male C57BL/6 mice and 12 CXCL16-knockout (CXCL16-KO) mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were studied.The 12 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:C57BL/6 sham operation group (group C-S) and C57BL/6 I/R group (group C-I/R).The 12 CXCL16-KO mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:CXCL16-KO sham operation group (group KO-S) and CXCL16-KO I/R group (group KO-I/R).The right kidney was removed,and the left kidney was exposed,and the renal artery was then clamped for 45 min with atraumatic microclips followed by 24 h reperfusion to establish the model of renal I/R in anesthetized mice.Venous blood samples were taken at 24 h of reperfusion for determination of the serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations.The renal specimens were obtained at 24 h of reperfusion for microscopic examination of the pathological changes,and the damage to the renal tubules was scored.The number of myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive cells (MPO+ cells),F4/80+ cells and CD3+ cells in renal tissues was counted by immunohistochemistry.The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-1beta (IL-1β),IL-6,and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) mRNA in renal tissues was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.Results Compared with group C-S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly increased,and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group C-I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group KO-S,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly increased,and the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group KO-I/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group C-I/R,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations,renal tubular damage score,and the number of MPO+,F4/80+,and CD3+ cells were significantly decreased,and the expression of TNF-c,IL-1β,IL-6 and MIP-2 mRNA was significantly down-regulated in group KO-I/R (P＜0.05).Conclusion CXCL16 is involved in the pathophysiological process of renal I/R injury in the mice.