Objective To evaluate the relationship between fragile histidine triad(FHIT) transcription abnormalities and HPV16 infection and human cervical tumorigenesis.Methods Total RNA from 5 cervical carcinoma cell lines(SiHa,HeLa,RJC-1,CS1213 and C4-1),58 primary cervical cancer specimens and 18 normal cervical epithelial tissues were extracted and FHIT transcripts were characterized by a two-step(nested) reverse transcription(RT)-PCR.The seven of the PCR products with different size were purified and sequenced.HPV16 infection was assessed by PCR.Results ① There were altered FHIT transcripts in SiHa,HeLa and C4-1 cells.Aberrant FHIT transcripts were detected in 39 out of the 58 cervical cancer samples(67.2%),but none out of 18 in the normal cervix tissue specimens(0%);HPV16 infections were identified in 37 of the 58 cervical cancer tissues(63.8%),but 1 in the 18 normal cervical epithelial tissues(5%),which showed a significant difference between these two groups(P0.05).③ The exon 5 and exon 6 were mainly deleted in the altered FHIT transcripts and no insertion and point mutation were found by DNA sequencing.Conclusion Aberrant FHIT expression was significantly common in cervical cancers and was correlated with HPV16 infection.These findings suggest that the tumor suppressor gene FHIT and high risk HPV16 may play a very important role in human cervical carcinogenesis.

Objective To observe the extent of injury in esophageal mucosa resulted from Argon plasma coagulation (APC). Methods The injuries from APC were observed in 55 sites of esophageal normal mucosa in 11 patients with esophageal cancer. APC powers in 45 W,60 W and 90 W were selected with exposure times of 1 sec and 3 sec respectively. The probe of APC was hold approximately at 30?and 2 mm from the mucosa. The histological changes of esophageal wall injured by APC were examined under light and electric microscopy. Results The injuries in 46 out of 55 sites were merely restricted in the mucosa or sub-mucosa,7 out of 55 extended into the muscularis propria.and 2 of 9 sites extended to the whole depth of e-sophageal wall. The depth of injury increased in relation with the elevating of APC power (P 0. 05). Conclusion APC is a safe way for treating esophageal diseases if its power is limited in an appropriate range.

Objective To compare the mast cells' property and the level of pelvic pain, urgency and frequency (PUF) scale in urinary bladder between interstitial cystitis (IC) patients and controls.Methods Eighteen cystoscopy biopsy specimens of interstitial cystitis patients and 12 controls were stained with 0.5% toluidine blue and immobilizated with Osmic Acid. Then the mast cells were observed and counted with light microscope and transmission electron microscope. The PUF scale and the number of mast cells between the 2 groups were compared. Results The mast cell's number of the interstitial cystitis samples(28-76 pieces/mm2) was significantly higher than that of the non IC persons' bladder tissues(7-15 pieces/mm2) (Z=3.927,P＜0.01). 75.3% mast cells were in a state of being activated degranulation. The PUF scale of IC patients( 17-35 scores)was significantly higher than that of the non IC persons' (0-8 scores) (t=14.736,P＜0.01). The PUF scale of the patient group did not have a linear IC relation with the mast cell's infiltrated number among the specimens (rs=-0.618,P=0.601). Conclusions Mast cell infiltration may be one of the characteristic pathological manifestations of IC. The association of mast cell infiltration and the PUF scale may be a new diagnosis criteria for IC.

Objective To study the distribution and molecular characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus(VP) in patients with a‐cute diarrhea ,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of VP infection .Methods From 2010 to 2014 ,62 VP iso‐lates were collected from patients with acute diarrhea ,for serotyping and virulence gene (tdh and tdh) detection of VP .Molecular characteristics analysis was carried out by using multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) .Results 7 different serotypes were found from the 62 isolates .O3∶K6 was the most common serotype of VP ,accounting for 74 .19% (46 isolates) ,followed by O4∶K68 (6 isolates) .Tdh gene was the mainly virulence gene ,with a percentage of 95 .16% (59 isolates) ,only three isolates were trh positive . 7 STs were found through MLST analysis of 62 VP isolates ,among which ,ST3 was the most important type ,accounted for 85 .50%(53 isolates) .Conclusion O3∶ K6 serotype VP was the most prevalent type .Tdh gene is the most important virulence gene of WP .ST3 was the the dominant epidemic type .

Objective To evaluate the possibility of interventional therapy for avascular necrosis of the femeral head, with different curing methods, way of introduction and cultural heritages. Methods Vasodilator, thrombolytics and promoting microcirculatory drug were directly injected into the feeding arteries of the avascular necrotic femoral heads, under the condition of applying the blood stoppage belt at the root of thigh with pressure before the drug injection into the femoral pronator and extension arteries. The treatment was repeated 45 d later. Urokinase 10 5 unite/d ?10 were administrated with venous infusion ipsilaterally on the 15th day after the beginning of the therapy. Imaging features and clinical symptoms were recorded and correlatively studied before and after the treament. Results Symptoms relief especially the pain reached 100% after the treatment with various degrees of bony repair and new bone formation. Furthermore, increase caliber of feeding small arteries for femoral head and multiplicity of microvasculature, shortening of opacification time were revealed by DSA. IV stage bony change showed mild or inconspicuous. Conclusions Interventional catheterization treatment for avascular femoral head necrosis, especially the patients of fore Ⅲ stage, is safe and effective.

Objective To learn the overall results of the final test paper in nursing undergraduates of Peking Union Medical College, and to provide the theoretical support for teaching quality assessment of nursing undergraduates.Methods The difficulty coefficient, the discrimination index, the reliability (Cronbach α coefficient) and the degree of coverage were analyzed based on education measurement and education statistical methods.Results The mean total score was 67.8±12.5, ranged from 38 to 95.The difficulty coefficient, the discrimination index and the Cronbach α coefficient were 0.68, 0.30 and 0.71 respectively.The rates of loss score were 33.8% for choice questions, 37.2% for completion questions, 22.5%for true or false questions and 24.8% for calculation questions respectively.Among the total 30 examination questions, the proportions of the most difficult ones, the difficult ones, the moderate ones, the easy ones and the easiest ones were 30.0%,13.3%,20.0%,20.0% and 16.7% respectively.28 examination questions (93.3%) had the best or better discrimination.Conclusions The test paper held the moderate difficulty and the good discrimination, reliability and the degree of coverage.The results of the examination accurately reflect the knowledge and ability of the students.In addition, more attention should be paidto improve the knowledge of nursing undergraduates on the importance of the medical statistics in medical scientific research.

Objective To discuss the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in modulating immune responses in a rat renal transplantation model.Methods An in vivo trial of cytology was performed in one centre from March to December in 2008.Wistar rat donors and Lewis rat recipients in a renal transplantation model were randomly divided into 4 groups:MSCs (low dose,1 × 106 )therapy,MSCs (high dose,1 × 107) therapy,CsA monotherapy,and no therapy.Biochemistry methods were used to detect the levels of creatinine in serum.The survival time,renal grafting function and pathological changes of transplanted renal tissues were observed.Results Animal survival was significantly prolonged by MSCs (high dose) therapy and CsA monotherapy as compared with the no therapy group (both P＜0.01).Animal survival in the MSCs (low dose) therapy group was prolonged as compared with no therapy group (P＜0.01),but shortened as compared with MSCs (high dose) therapy group (P＜0.05) and CsA monotherapy group (P＜0.05).The MSCs (high dose) therapy and CsA therapy groups showed no special changes in histology,hut the control group showed acute rejection.Conclusion MSCs down-regulated immune responses,reduced production of some inflammatory mediators,preserved graft function in the initial stage after transplantation,and prolonged animal survival,and these effects were the same as those of CsA therapy with 1 × 107/day.

Objective To investigate the expression of ER,PR,HER-2,PCNA and P53 in breast cancer patients in Shanghai and the relevant clinical significance.Methods Expressions of ER,PR,HER-2,PCNA and P53 in the breast cancer tissues of 544 patients in Shanghai were detected by immunohistochemistry methods.Statistical analysis was applied to analyze the relationship of these immunohistochemical indices with the clinicopathological features of breast cancer.Results The positive rates of ER,PR,HER-2,PCNA and P53 in the breast cancer tissues of 544 patients were 62.2%,57.2%,15.1%,82.6% and 58.5%,respectively.The expressions of ER,PCNA and P53 were correlated with the tumor size(P

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and influencing factors of lymph node ratio (LNR) in patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG).Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 444 patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2010 and January 2011 were collected.All the 444 patients underwent radical D2 lymph node dissection,extent of lymph node dissection was inferior mediastinum,around the esophageal hiatus and celiac lymph node.Follow-up usingtelephone interview and outpatient examination was performed to detect patients' prognosis once every 3 months within 2 years postoperatively,once every 6 months from 2 vears to 5 years postoperatively and once every 12 months after 5 years up to October 2016.Observation indicators:(1) follow-up and survival situations;(2) univariate and multivariate factors analysis affecting prognosis of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ[AEG;(3) univariate and multivariate factors analysis affecting LNR of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG.The survival curve and rate were respectively drawn and calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method.The univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were respectively done using the Log-rank test and the COX regression model.Results (1) Follow-up and survival situations:all the 444 patients were followed up for 1-81 months,with a median time of 52 months.The 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates of 444 patients were respectively 93.2％,60.3％ and 45.7％.(2) Factors analysis affecting prognosis of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG:results of univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter,tumor differentiation,invasion depth of tumor,pN staging and staging of LNR were related factors affecting prognosis of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG,with statistically significant differences (x2 =12.332,5.898,36.045,38.847,46.464,P＜0.05).Results of multivariate analysis showed that invasion depth of tumor and staging of LNR were independent factors affecting prognosis of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG [RR =1.393,1.411,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.137-1.708,1.106-1.801,P＜0.05].(3) Factors affecting LNR of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG:results of univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter,tumor differentiation and invasion depth of tumor were related factors affecting LNR of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG,with statistically significant differences (x2=20.077,12.618,36.586,P＜0.05).Results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor diameter,tumor differentiation and invasion depth of tumor were independent factors affecting LNR of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG (OR=0.684,0.688,0.788,95％ CI:0.485-0.965,0.505-0.936,0.687-0.903,P＜0.05).Conclusions The invasion depth of tunor and staging of LNR are independent factors affecting prognosis of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG.Tumor diameter,tumor differentiation and invasion depth of tumor are independent factors affecting LNR of patients with Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ AEG.

Objective To explore the independent risk factors of lymph-node metastasis (LNM) in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC),and establish a risk-prediction model based on LNM.Method 962 early gastric cancer patients undergoing curative radical gastrectomy in the First Hospital of Anhui Medical University from July 2011 to April 2016 were enrolled in this study.The relationships between different clinicopathologic characteristics and LNM were analyzed by Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability,and the independent risk factors were determined using Logistic regression analysis.Moreover,LNM risk was stratified and a risk-predicting model was established on the basis of the identified independent risk factors for LNM.Further,the risk-predicting model was validated using 962 EGC cases.The discriminatory accuracy of risk-predicting model was measured by area under ROC curve (ROC-AUC).Results Mucosal differentiated cancer ≤2 cm,irrespective of the existence of an ulcer,had low LNM rates (LNMR ＜ 3.0％).Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that female EGC patients with submucosal,undifferentiated,vessel invasion and tumor size ＞ 2 cm were independent risk factors of LNM for EGC patients,and relative risks were 1.893,3.173,1.956,1.922 and 9.027 respectively (P ＜ 0.05).ROCAUC of risk-predicting model was 0.768 (P ＜ 0.01),which showed high diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity.Conclusion Female EGC patients with submucosal undifferentiated carcinomas measuring ＞ 2 cm with vessel invasion have higher risk of LNM.