Objective We aimed to translate the English version of Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) into Chinese and test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PDI in terminal stage patients.Methods Totally 285 patients in terminal stage was recruited and investigated by the Chinese version of PDI.Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of PDI ranged from 0.728 to 0.953,which was ＞0.70; split half coefficient was 0.561; the test-retest reliability was 0.824,which showed that internal consistency of Chinese version of PDI was good.The content validity index was 0.912.Factor analysis got five factors,which explained 62.172％ of the total variance; the factor loading of each item was ＞0.4.Conclusions The Chinese version of PDI has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of dignity in terminal stage patients.

Objective To evaluate the use of magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow band im-aging (NBI) system in diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Methods From March 2008 to December in 2008, a total of 56 patients with suspected gastric mucosal lesions were enrolled in the study. The lesions were ob-served with magnifying endoscopy combined with NBI and indigo-earmine-chromoendoscopy, and the results were compared with pathologic diagnosis from targeted biopsies. Results Out of 56 patients, 16 were diag-nosed as early gastric cancer pathologically. The accordance rate with the pathological diagnosis, sensibility, specificity, false positive rate and false negative rate of the magnifying endoscopy combined with NBI system were 94.6% (53/56), 93. 8% (15/16), 95.0% (38/40), 5.0% (2/40) and 6. 3% (1/16), respec-tively; while those of chromoendoscopy were 91.1% (51/56), 87. 5% (14/16), 92. 5% (37/40), 7. 5% (3/40) and 12. 5% (2/16), respectively (P >0.05). There was no difference between NBI and chro-moendoscopy in regarding of observing pit pattern, however, NBI was superior in displaying intrapapillary capillary loop. Conclusion Combination of magnifying endoscopy and NBI provides clear images of gas-tric mucosa and intrapapillary capillary, which is useful in diagnosis of early gastric cancer and can improve accuracy of biopsy. When combined with chromoendoscopy, it can further improve the yield of diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effects of patient mutual help-oriented nursing model on social support and hope level in lung cancer patients.Methods Totally 72 lung cancer patients were recruited into the study and divided into the experimental group and the control group with 36 patients in each group.The control group was given routine care,while the experimental group received additional patient mutual help-oriented nursing interventions:physically and psychologically well recovered patients were asked to give emotional communication and interaction to patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer,The Social Support Scale and Herth Hope Index were used for evaluation after the intervention.Results The patients' social support and hope level of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group after intervention.Conclusions Patient mutual help-oriented nursing model can improve social support and hope level of lung cancer.

Objective To translate the English version of Career Needs Questionnaires-Short Form (CNQ-SF) into Chinese and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CNQ-SF in cancer patients.Methods Totally 232 patients with cancer were recruited and were investigated by the Chinese version of CNQ-SF.Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of CNQ-SF ranged from 0.792 to 0.937.The content validity index was 0.94.Factor analysis got five factors,which explained 69.8％ of the total variance.Conclusions The Chinese version of CNQ-SF has been proved to be reliable and valid.h can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of information needs of cancer patients.

As a multifunctional cytokine,transforming growth factor-?(TGF-?) has many biological effects. It controls the extracellular matrix synthesis in trabecular meshwork cells and enhances the contractility of trabecular cells,which may increase the resistance of aqueous outflow. It can also promote the formation of the bleb scarring after filtration surgery. TGF-? is likely to play an important role in the pathogenesis and mechanism of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The inhibitions of TGF-? may be used as an auxiliary agent for inhibiting the formation of the bleb scarring after filtration surgery.

In artificial immune optimization algorithm, the mutation of immune cells has been considered as the key operator that determines the algorithm performance. Traditional immune optimization algorithms have used a single mutation operator, typically a Gaussian. Using a variety of mutation operators that can be combined during evolution to generate different probability density function could hold the potential for producing better solutions with less computational effort. In view of this, a linear combination mutation operator of Gaussian and Cauchy mutation is presented in this paper, and a novel clonal selection optimization method based on clonal selection principle is proposed also. The simulation results show the combining mutation strategy can obtain the same performance as the best of pure strategies or even better in some cases.

Objective To study the changes of system immune and intestinal immune in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease due to obesity. Methods Ninty male SD rats were divided into control, high-sucrose and high-fat diet groups. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease models were established by feeding with high-sucrose diet or high-fat diet and were killed at the 4th,8th and 12th weeks with 10 each for each group. The extent of liver steatosis was observed with HE staining.Portal blood endotoxin level was assessed by limulus test. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymphocytes in Peyer's patches (PP) were calculated by flowcytometry. Results In comparison with control group, the endotoxin level was not elevated from the 4th week to 12th week in high-sucrose diet group, (all P values＞0.05), but was increased in high-fat diet group at the 8th week (P＜0.05). CD4/CD8 ratio in PBMC was higher in high-sucrose and higt-fat diet groups than that in control group at the 4th week (P＜0. 05) ,but was lower than that in control group at the 8th and 12th weeks (P＜0. 05). Whereas the variation of CD4/CD8 ratio in PP was consisted with that in PBMC between the high-sucrose and high-fat diet groups at the 4 th and 8 th weeks, but there was no difference when compared with control group at the 12 th week (P＞0.05).Conclusion Obesity can inhibit systematic immune and intestinal immune. The intestinal immune may be regulated by the liver.

Objective To Study the effect of splenectomy plus endoscopic varices ligation (SEVL) in the treatment of portal hypertension. Methods SEVL was carried out in 38 patients with portal hypertension from January 2000 to June 2002. The authors compared hemodynamic parameters and gastric emptying time before and after the operation. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the disappearance rate of esophageal varicosis, the outcomes of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) and the incidence of complications were recorded at postoperative 3 weeks, 6 months, 12 and 18 months, respectively. Results Postoperatively, the free portal pressure, portal flow volume and velocity were significantly reduced in all the cases ( P 0.05). Portal thrombosis was seen in 6 cases (6/38, 15.8%). Conclusions SEVL has little influence on gastric emptying and PHG, offering a high disappearance rate of varicosis and a low incidence of complications.

AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint of Ramulus cinnamomi.This fingerprint was expected to be standards of quality control and identification of the Chinese crude drug. METHODS: The HPLC method was used,chromatography condition were Kromasil C_(18)(250 mm?4.6 mm,5?m) column with gradual mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.5% acetic acid,UV detection wavelength at 280 nm and column temperature at 25(?C) with the flow rate of 1 ml?min~(-1). RESULTS: The retention time of Cinnamaldehyder,Cinnamic acid,o-Methoxycinnamic acid and Coumarin in Ramulus cinnamomi were determined.The fingerprint showed high similitude in samples from different regions. CONCLUSION: The HPLC fingerprint of Ramulus cinnamomi.can be used as a standard of quality control and identification of the Chinese crude drug.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the general rule on checking and acceptance of drug warehousing of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs.METHODS:The warehousing acceptance data of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs during 2003-2007 in our hospital were sorted and the reasons for drug acceptance rejection were analyzed.RESULTS:Of the 5 228 batches of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs checked before acceptance over 5 years,138(2.61%) were unacceptable.Most of the rejected batches were prepared processing slices of Chinese crude drugs.There were more than 30 factors resulted in the rejection.CONCLUSION:The key to ensure the quality of prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs is to improve their processing level.