Interferons are potent cytokines with antiviral activity that have been founded earliest. Different types of interferons have similar bioactivity, Such as anti-viruses activity, anti-tumor activity and immune modulation. They are induced by virus infection and trigger the host defense by different mechanisms. Firstly, IFNs directly induce the expression of effector proteins with antiviral activity, thus establishing a first line of defense. Secondly, they help to shape adaptive immunity, leading to long-lasting protection. Due to the key position of IFNs in antiviral defense, viruses have evolved effective countermeasures in order to successfully invade the host. By expressing so-called IFN antagonists, viruses interfere with either IFN induction, IFN signaling, or the action of IFN effector proteins.

Objective To investigate the prevention and management of portal vein thrombosis following orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods Between May 1995 to September 2005,clinical data of 137 cases subject to orthotopic liver transplantation were analyzed.Among them,there were 10 cases of portal vein thrombosis(5 cases in gradeⅠ,4 cases in gradeⅡand 1 case in gradeⅢ). All patients received an eversion thromboendovenectomy(ETEV)with occlusion of the portal flow u- sing a Forgarty balloon.Ligation of the collateral circulation,especially spontaneous or surgical sple- norenal shunt,was made as approaches to improve portal flow.Heparin or low-molecule-weight hepa- rin as a prophylactic anticoagulation therapy was maintained during and after operation if prothrombin time was less than 18 s.Follow-up Doppler ultrasonography was used daily in the early postoperative period.Results After a follow-up of 2～66 months,overall incidence of portal vein thrombosis was 2.92%(4/137).Surgical thrombectomy and revascularization was carried out in 1 case.Thromboly- sis,balloon angioplasty and stent placement via hepatic artery were performed on 2 cases.No treat- ment was given in 1 patient without hepatic dysfunction and portal hypertention.Mortality related to portal vein thrombosis was 0.Conclusions Portal vein thrombosis might be avoided by performing a complete thrombectomy as often as possible,by ligation of portosystemic shunt during surgery,and by postoperative anticoagulation.Close follow-up by Doppler ultrasonography may make a prompt di- agnosis and reduce portal vein thrombosis-derived loss of grafts.

Cell Phone ; DNA Damage ; Electromagnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Mutagenicity Tests

【Objective】To observe the hemorrheological changes in lacunar cerebral infarction(LCI) patients with arteriopathy of middle and small arteries.【Methods】The hemorrheological changes of cerebral arteries in 85 LCI patients without arteriopathy of large artery confirmed by cervical vessels color ultrasonography and magnetic resonance image(MRI)were observed by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography(TCD).The correlation of the hemorrheological changes with age and blood pressure(BP) of arteries was investigated.The above indexes were compared with those in 25 healthy volunteers confirmed by encephalography in the same age group.【Results】The mean blood flow rates of cerebral middle,anterior and posterior artery in LCI patients were(62.09?16.90)cm?s~(-1),(50.42?13.11)(cm?s~(-1),)and(32.33?7.55)cm?s~(-1) respectively,lower than(69.65?19.20)cm?s~(-1),(57.75?16.75)cm?s~(-1),and(38.75?8.81)cm?s~(1) respectively in the healthy volunteers(P0.05).【Conclusion】The arteriopathy of small artery in LCI patients can cause the mild decrease of blood flow rate and the increase of pulsating index.There exists a correlation of pulsating index with age and arterial blood pressure.

Disaster Planning ; Humans ; Physicians

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; epidemiology

Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Nevus, Blue ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the anti-proliferation and anti-angiogenesis effect of curcumin-K30 solid dispersion (Cur-K30) on tumors in vivo. Methods Growth inhibition rates of the tumor cells was measured with MTT method. Tumor inhibition was detected by tumors transplanted subcutaneously in mice treated with Cur-K30 ［50， 100， and 200 mg/(kg·d)］. The expressions of CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed by immunohistochemical study, and analyzed by Imageproplus software. Results Cur-K30 had inhibitory effect on different tumor cell lines in a dose dependent manner with IC50 values from 6.6 to 12.12 μg/mL. The in vivo study showed that the inhibitory rates of the 200 mg/(kg·d) Cur-K30 group on H22, B16, and SW480 were 43.2%, 53.1%, and 59.8%, respectively, which were all much higher than the inhibitory rates of curcumin suspension group with the same dose. Compared with the control group， the expression of CD34 and VEGF in SW480 tumors was down-regulated in the 200 mg/(kg·d) Cur-K30 group (P<0.01). Conclusion The proliferation inhibition of Cur-K30 is higher than curcumin in vivo， and the most significant effect is obtained in SW480 tumors transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Down-regulation of VEGF and decreased microvascular density may contribute to the anti-tumor effect of Cur-K30.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male