The lumbosacral cord of a 55-day baby girl was cut serially and stained for a microscopicstudy.It was twice split into two with extensive dysplasia in its dorsal parts.Numerous primarysensory cells were strewn within the cord.The present study was particularly concerned with theirclassification,distribution and derivation.In addition to their normal sites,the sensory ganglionic cells are scattered on the dorsal aspectsof the cord,along the space between the separated cords,in the openings of the anterior and posteriormedian fissures and also within the crevices inside the cord,yet communicating to the outside.Such sensory elements are surrounded with capsular cells;this is also characteristic of a few sen-sory cells slightly sunken into the intramedullary structures in continuation with the heterotopicganglionic formations.A number of the sensory cells are deeply embedded in the supernumerary gray and white for-mations chiefly in the dorsal portions;they are especially numerous in the anterior gray commissureand the anterior horn.Such cells are devoid of a capsule.In the early embryonic period,unfavorable conditions retard the mutual approximation of theneural folds and the precocious ectomesenchyme thrusts itself between them.The dorsal edges ofthe folds are then forced to bend ventrally toward the neural plate,resulting in a duplication of thespinal cord.During the rolling-in process,the irregular margins of the neural folds and the out-thrusts ofthe ectomesenchyme conjoin to produce the supernumeraray structures in the dorsal portions of thecord.Some presumptive sensory elements on the folds may be roiled into such intramedullary unitsand grow up in situ.The neural crest represents the spear-head of the rollingin fold;its presumptive sensory ele-ments may well disperse themselves into the precursory anterior gray commissure and theanterior horn.The primarys sensory cells and the capsular cells are both derived from the ectoderm.Theformer bear capsular cells in case they have participated in the process of ganglion formation;whereas they lack such a capsule if they grow up right in their erratic sites.The intraspinal sensory ganglionic cells are chiefly derived from the neural crest;this doesnot exclude the tube wall as being another possible source.Though erratic in postion,the intraspinal sensory cells may perform a fairly normal function.

Fifty cases of surgically resected pituitary adenomas with acromegaly were studied both with electron microscopy and immunocytochemical stain for growth hormone(GH). The densely granulated GH cells under the electron microscopy correspond to the strongly stained cells with immunocytochemical stain, while the sparsely granulated GH cells to the weakly stained cells. Under electron microscopy the GH and the PRL secretory granules coexisted in 21 cases, and immunocyto-chemically all these 21 cases were GH positive, however, only 19 cases were PRL positive and 2 cases PRL negative. It suggested that immunocytochemistry should identify the nature of the secretory granules seen under electron microscope, and that electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry supplement each other in approaching to the correct diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. The results with immunocytochemical stain using immersion method and drop method were also compared.

We found binucleated neurons in 8 autopsied brains and one argical specimen. Their numbers varied from 1 to multiple. All of them were foand in the brain stem, mostly in the pens, some in the thalamus and the mid-brain and very few in the medulla, no binucleated neuron was found in the cerebrum and cerebellum. The ages of the Patients varied from 24 days postpartum to 74 years old. Observations showed that the number of binucleated neurons was more in the newly born baby. All of the patients had suffered from various diseases which might be related to the ischemic state of the brain. The binucleated neurons might be ant abortive reactive hyperplasia of the nerve cells to the unfavorable circumstances. According to our observations, binueleated neurons are not very rare.

Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing a modified mouse model of pressure overload induced left ventricular hypertrophy by transverse aortic constriction(TAC).Methods 55 C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into three groups:severe TAC group (n =27),moderate TAC group (n =7) and sham surgery group (n =21),respectively.By ligating the aorta arch between innominate artery and the left common carotid artery with modified techniques in a minimally invasive way,moderate or severe aortic constriction were established successfully and reliably to mimic left ventricular(LV)outflow obstruction; to correctly evaluate the cardiac structural and functional responses to aortic arch banding,2-dimention (2D) and M mode transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) were deployed to monitor the LV contractile function and assess the LV hypertrophic changes induced by pressure overload at 4 weeks after the surgery.Results The mouse model of aortic constriction was established successfully with a post-operative survival rate more than 88％.And all these operated mice were able to survive at least 4 weeks long.Eccentric left ventricular hypertrophic changes were detected with echocardiographic measurement 4 weeks after the banding operation in both mTAC and sTAC group,as dilated left ventricular lumen with enlarged LV end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and LV end systolic-dimension (LVESD) were confirmed.Mice with moderate banded aorta exhibited a compensated LV hypertrophy with preserved contractile functions and satisfactory ventricular wall movements to some extent,although left ventricular fractional shorting (LVFS) reduced gradually from 0.403 ± 0.007 to 0.340 ± 0.015 (P＜0.05) ; while in severe banded (sTAC) mice,LVFS reduced more significantly as a sharp decrease from 0.438 ± 0.011 to 0.216 ± 0.012 (P ＜ 0.01) were detected,combined with poor contractile function and stiff ventricular wall movements,exhibiting a de-compensated pathological left ventricular hypertrophy.Conclusion This modified TAC opcration could be easily carried out,and the TAC mouse model mentioned in the present research was an effective pressure overload model with several superiorities including less trauma,improved post-operative survival rate,rapid recovery and satisfactory reproducibility,thus a better and recommended mouse model for specific research purpose concerning LV hypertrophy mechanistic studies.

The authors first outlined the contents of the public notification system of medical service information, arguing that implementation of the system was an irresistible trend and would be welcomed and supported by the general public and the government. The authors held that the system would produce a fairly great impact on hospitals, resulting in further changes in the flow direction of patients seeking medical service, promoting fair competitions among hospitals, and increasing the pressure on hospitals and doctors. For this reason, hospitals must adopt necessary corresponding measures: ①orienting medical service towards the needs of patients and enhancing the sense of excellent service delivery; ②speeding up reform in internal mechanisms and providing quality, efficient and low consumption medical service; ③enforcing quality control and improving the quality of medical service; ④bettering the statistical analysis of information within hospitals; ⑤setting up an effective mechanism for lowering medical risks and protecting the work enthusiasm of the medical personnel; ⑥strengthening publicity so as to create a good social image of the hospital.

Objective To explore the effect of the ropivacaine combined with sufentanil on neuropathic pain in rats.Methods The constriction injury method was performed to establish rat neuropathic pain model and 40 neu-ropathic rats were produced in accordance with the above modeling methods,which were divided into group A(ropiva-caine and sufentanil combined administration,n =10),group B(ropivacaine administration,n =10),group C(sufen-tanil administration,n =10)and group D(no administration,n =10).A total of 10 healthy rats without any treatment, the normal feeding,named as group E.At 1,3,7,11,14,21d after operation von -Frey filaments determination of mechanical hyperalgesia(MWT),and the Hargreaves method for the determination of thermal hyperalgesia(TWL) were measured and the ELISA Kit (IL -6 and TNF -α) were used to detect serum IL -6 and TNF -αconcentrations.Results Before and at 1 day after the operation mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia and allergy treatment had no significant difference(all P >0.05).Mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia of group A,B and C were significantly lower than those before the treatment and at 1 day after operation(all P <0.05),and mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia of group A was significantly lower than those of group B and C (all P <0.05).The serum IL -6 and TNF -αconcentrations of 7,14 and 21 days in group A were significantly lower than those of group B and C(t =7.10,5.84,9.11,all P <0.05).Conclusion The effects of ropivacaine combined with sufentanil analgesic on neuropathic pain of rats was significantly higher than that of ropivacaine or sufentanil alone in the treatment.

Objective To evaluate the safety of combination therapy with amlodipine and terazosin in middle aged and old male patients with essential hypertension.Methods Randomized,prospective,parallel study was carried out in middle aged and old male patients with essential hypertension in Anqing between August 2005 and February 2006.In this article,508 patients were chosen to appraise safety of the combination therapy.Results ①After 4 weeks,the heart rate of combination group changed from 68.9?7.7 to 67.7?6.9.There was no significant difference before and after treatment.②The combination group didn't affect the levels of blood glucose,lipid,electrolyte and the function of kidney and liver.③As regards tolerability,adverse experiences were observed in 4.1%,12.3%,and 13.2% of patients,respectively.Orthostatic hypertension did not happen in three groups during treatment.Conclusions The combination of amlodipine and Terazosin have no influence on the levels of blood glucose,lipid and the function of kidney and liver.Moreover,the combination was tolerated as well as its components.Through the adjustment of drug dosage,orthostatic hypotension did not happen in three groups during treatment.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of application of trans-abdominal Heller combined with Dor fundoplication for esophageal achalasia in the elderly.Methods Clinical data of 9 patients with esophageal achalasia undergoing trans-abdominal Heller combined with Dor fundoplication from Oct.2009 to Dec.2013 were collected.The postoperative effects and complications were analyzed.Results The operations were successful in the 9 patients with no conversion to open operation and no complications.The maximum esophageal diameter was reduced to (1.94 ± 0.76) cm from (3.69 ±-1.34) cm (P＜ 0.05).Rest lower esophageal sphincter pressure declined by 12.18 mmHg in average (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa,P＜0.05).Dysphagia score fell to 2.49 points from 7.88 points (P＜0.05).There were no retrosternal pain and dysphagia,stenosis and food retention in the lower esophagus and cardia place,and obvious expansion in esophageal.There were statistically significant differences in the above indexes.Conclusions The trans-abdominal Heller combined with Dor fundoplication can significantly improve the symptoms of esophageal achalasia in elderly patients,and effectively prevent postoperative gastroesophageal reflux,and has the characteristics being minimally invasive and fast,and fewer complications.

Oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) are isomeric triterpenic acids and only one methyl's position is different between them.OA and UA always exist in the same plant,so it is difficult to separate them when determining contents by RP-HPLC.In this study,a very simple mobile phase for HPLC was developed to simultaneously determine UA and OA,and the factors affecting separation were also discussed.The mobile phase is methanol:water (95∶5) with flow rate 0.4mL/min.The retention time for OA and UA was 20.58 and 21.57 min,respectively,the resolution was 1.61.The average contents of OA and UA of three Loquat leaves sets were 1.4 mg/g and 5.6 mg/g,respectively.Regarding the HPLC,we found that changing mobile phase,adjusting the pH value or adding ion-pairing agent could not affect the separation between UA and OA greatly.While adjustment of the flow rate and column temperature could improve the resolution greatly.