Objective:To explore the CT manifestations of intervertebral disc calcification(IDC)in children patients and its di-agnostic value in comparison with plain film.Methods:CT and plain film data of sixteen children with IDC were collected.The images were analyzed from the following aspects:counting the involved discs of each patient,locating the calcification in each ill disc and nearby tissue,observing the morphological features of calcification,and vertebral tube involvement.Results:①Fifteen patients had one or more than one cervical disc involved,but in only one patient,calcification involved five thoracic discs.Twenty-six discs were calcified in all,in which cervical disc accounted for 77%,and thoracic disc 23%.Most calcifications were nodular or patchy with different size.Sixteen calcification located at the anterior half segment of involved discs;Eight in the central part;only two at the posterior part.②CT and plain film detected calcification respectively of 26 and 25 discs.The for-mer was superior in displaying the location and appearance of calcification,and disclosing vertebral tube and nearby tissue in-volvement.Conclusion:CT is better than plain film in disclosing the details of ill disc.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cognitive therapy on the prognosis of the stroke patients with depression.Methods80 stroke patients with depression diagnosed according to Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD-17) were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group with 40 cases in each group. All patients of two groups were treated with routine therapy, but those of the treatment group were added with the cognitive therapy. All patients were re-evaluated one month and six months later.ResultsAfter treatment, the neurological function of all patients improved, but the scores of HAMD-17 of the patients in the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01), and the effect of the treatment group was significantly superior to the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionThe cognitive therapy may improve the prognosis of the stroke patients with depression.

Objective: To explore the impacts of demographic structure, environmental quality on household health care expenditures. Methods: Based on 2000-2010 inter-provincial panel data, the method of dynamic panel SYS GMM is used. Results:(1) The rise of elederly dependency ratio promotes residents’ health care expenditures; (2) the decline in juvenile dependency ratio is also the acceleration factor of health care expenditures; (3) the seriousness of environmental quality pollution expands the health care demand. Conclusion: To improve the health status residents, it is needed to implement the medical insurance system for the eldly, construct the health care insurance system for the children, besides, environment protection should be people oriented.

Objective To determine the most appropriate method in the treatment of choledocholithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 135 patients who received either laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) or laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration (TC-BDE) from May 2005 to July 2009 were retrospectively studied. Results All patients were cured of choledocholithiasis. In 13 patients three trocars were used, in 89 patients four trocars were used, and in 33 patients conversion to open operation was done. Of the 102 patients in whom minimal invasive surgery was successfully carried out, TC-BDE was done in 6 patients and LCBDE in 96 patients. Primary closure of common bile duct (CBD) was carried out in 33 patients while T-tube drainage was done in 63 patients. Six patients had a transient bile leak which healed spontaneously in 3 to 4 days. Retained stone was detected in 2 patients which was successfully retrieved through choledochoscopy. Conclusion An individualized treatment approach is the most reasonable way to manage CBD stones. The choice of the procedure depends on the number and size of stones, the surgeons experience and the patient's choice.

Anopheles sinensis from Shanghai and Guangxi were experimentally infected with Ha-inan and Guangxi strains of Plasmodium vivax. It was found that both anopheline mos-quitoes had a very low susceptibility to the Guangxi strain, the gland infection rate being 0 and 12.3% (43.2% for Are, minimus serving as control), while they showed distinctly higher susceptibility to the Hainan strain, the respective gland infection rate being 36.4% and 43.6% (100% for An. minimus).Two lots of An. sinensis from Wuhan were experimentally infected with Guangxi strain of P. vivax from two patients. It was shown that they had just the same low susceptibility as An. sinensis from Guangxi. The gland infection rate of the two lots of mosquitoes was 4.6% and 30.6% respectively, although it has already been confirmed that An. sinensis from Wuhan was highly susceptible to the indigenous strain of P vivax. From the present experimental results and literature, it is evident that there exist in China different geographic strains of P. vivax with varied infectivity to Are. sinensis.

Purpose] This paper discusses, in the information era, how to improve col ege English teachers ’ digital literacy. [Method] A questionnaire survey is carried out of the status of col ege English teachers ’ digital literacy in Zhejiang. [Results]Only 25% universities where the respondents work are wel equipped with adequate digital facilities.54% respondents haven ’t received any training in digital technologies and teaching methods. Most of respondents (90%) are interested in digital technologies;however, only 56%of them often use them in class. 90%respondents consider it necessary to receive training in digital teaching technologies. [Conclusion] Firstly, local universities should offer teachers better teaching facilities, more educational resources and training courses; secondly, education of digital literacy and teaching courses should be combined; final y, teachers should possess a correct judgment and improve their awareness of negative information in the virtual environment with self-protection consciousness.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of phthalates in water by solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPE-GC-MS).Methods The water samples were extracted and enriched by solid phasse extraction,using 10%methanol-methyl tert-butyl ether as eluant,dimethylphthalate(DMP),diethylphthalate(DEP),dibutylphthalate (DBP)and diethylhexylphthalate(DEHP)were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring mode(SIM).Results The concentration had a good linear range in the range of 0.00~10.00?g/ml,the correlation coefficient was above 0.998.The detection limit of DMP,DEP,DBP and DEHP were 2.7,2.1,1.6 and 2.5 ng/L respectively,the average recovery rate and the RSD of the method were 78.0%～102.5%and 3.3%～7.8%respectively.Conclusion This method,with small amount of solvent,is simple,fast,accurate and is applicable to the determination of phthalates in water.

Objective To investigate the role of interleukin-18 (IL-18 )and interleukin-33 (IL-33 )in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.Methods 40 cases with acute attack of bronchial asthma admitted in Wuhan Third Hospital from March 2011 to January 2012 were chosen as the hormone group,and 30 cases healthy people in the same period who underwent routine physical exa mination were chosen as control group.The serum levels of IL-18 and IL-33,the rate of forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1 )and forced vitalcapacity(FVC,FEV1%),the number of eosinophil cells(EOS)and immunoglobulin E(IgE)were detected in control group and hormone group before and after treatment.Compare the serum levels of IL-18 and IL-33 in hormone group before and after treatment,and the relevance between IL-18,IL-33 and IgE,EOS and FEV1%. Results Compared with control group,the serum levels of IL-18 and IL-33 in hormone group pre-treatment were significantly increased(P<0.05),FEV1%,EOS and IgE had significant difference(P<0.05).Compared with hormone group pre-treatment the serum levels of IL-18 and IL-33 in hormone group post-treatment were significantly decreased(P<0.05),FEV1%,EOS and IgE improved significantly (P<0.05).Compared with control group,the serum levels of IL-18, IL-33,FEV1% and IgE in hormone group post-treatment had no significant difference.The pearson correlative analysis showed that there were positive correlations between the levels of IL-18,IL-33,IgE and EOS,respectively(P<0.05),and there were negative correlations between IL-18,IL-33 levels and FEV1%,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion IL-18 and IL-33 participate in the acute asthma,and may play stimulation role in the inflammatory process of asthma.

Objective To explore the role of high mobility group box protein 1 ( HMGB1 ) and receptor for ad-vanced glycation endproducts( RAGE) in lupus nephritis( LN) . Methods The serum and urine levels of HMGB1 were detected by ELISA in SLE patients and normal controls, and intrarenal expressions of HMGB1 and RAGE were detected by immunohistochemistry in renal tissues of SLE patients and normal-appearing renal tissues. Results
The serum and urine levels of HMGB1 were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls( P<0. 01 ) , in patients with active disease compared to those with inactive disease ( P <0. 05 ) , serum levels of HMGB1 were found to be significantly higher in patients with renal involvement compared to those without renal in-volvement(P<0. 05). In addition, the levels of serum HMGB1 showed positive correlation with SLEDAI,urine pro-tein(24 h) and lencocyte count (P <0. 05). The expression of urine HMGB1 showed positive correlation with SLEDAI ( P<0. 05 ) . Intermediate-intensity staining of HMGB1 and RAGE was detected in renal tubules in normal-appearing renal tissues, however, both renal tubules and glomerular cells had the strong expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in SLE patients. The intrarenal production of HMGB1 and RAGE in SLE patients was obviously higher than that in normal-appearing renal tissues(P<0. 05), and the expression levels of HMGB1 in SLE IV and IV+V were higher than those in SLE II ( P<0. 05 ) . The expression levels of RAGE in SLE IV were higher than those in SLE II(P<0. 05). Conclusion HMGB1 and RAGE may play key roles in the pathogenesis of LN and may associate with the pathology category of LN.

[Objective]The paper was designed to introduce the Professor YE Jin's personal clinical experience which can provide an effective means for other pediatrician.[Method]By introducing the Professor YE Jin's personal clinical experience,we summarize the effective therapies about the infantile recurrent abdominal pain(RAP). [Result]According to the Professor YE Jin, the pathomechanism of RAP includes mainly cold stagnation, the indigestion, parasite and Qi stagnancy. RAP caused bycoldcan be treated from warming the middle-energizer and fending off the cold,RAP resulting from retention of food can be cured by removing the retention and invigorating the stomach, RAP incurred by ascaris can be cured by relieving ascariasis,expelling parasite and purgation simultaneously,and RAP resulting from Qi stagnation can be cured by soothing liver, regulating qi activity, rather than relieving pain merely. Based on the above-mentioned theory,she tends to use Liquorice and prefers Paeonia a lot in curing the disease, that is always effective in clinic as a result.The recurrence rate is also lower.One case was provided for verification.[Conclusion]Professor YE Jin thinks that warming the middle-energizer and fending off the cold, removing the retention and invigorating the stomach, the RAP can be improved the curative effect,and that can provide another idea for other clinicians.