Periodicals as Topic

Burns ; Periodicals as Topic

Technical standards were supports that not only for any profession’s development, but also for the basic means of modern quality control.Forensic clinical medicine has developed nearly 40 years in china, there are 23 normative technical documents at present, the range of its application has been expanding with time, the caseload has been more than 1 million pieces per year all the country. Reviewing these standards, it can be seen: Technital standard of forensic clinical medicine has absorbed a large number of advanced international ideas, assimilating plenty of practice experience at the same time, standard's system has been initially formed, it has become one of the important means to guarantee the quality of medicolegal expertise. Certainly, the construction of forensic clinical standardization in China is still an arduous task, there are also many outstanding contradiction in the existing standards, our studies on international standards were not in-depth, and so on. In the future, forensic science experts still need to strengthen the companion study of technical standards and laws or regulations, intensify tracing and evaluating of international standards in order to form more adaptive and advanced technical standards.

The theory of cancer stem cells proposed that recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer are closely related to liver cancer stem cells.The traditional surgical treatment of liver cancer simply kills those rapidly proliferating tunor cells instead of eliminating hepatic cancer stem cells which play decisive role in recurrence and metastasis.As far as people have concerned,there are many signaling pathways and regulatory factors modulating liver cancer stem cells,such as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,TGF-β pathway,Notch pathway,Hedgehog pathway,hepatitis B virus,as well as epigenetics.Further studies on regulatory mechanisms of liver cancer stem cells are of great significance,in hope of providing new evidence for treatment and prevention of recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer.

Objective To study the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS),endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human gastric cancer and their relationship with tumor angiogenesis and to investigate the interaction of NOS and VEGF in gastric cancer.Methods The expression and distribution of VEGF, iNOS and eNOS in 34 gastric cancer specimens were detected with immunohistochemistry. Microvessel density (MVD) was counted with FⅧRAg immune specific staining.Results The expression rates of iNOS, eNOS and VEGF in 34 gastric cancers were 73.5%, 82.4%and 91.2%respectively. The expression of VEGF had a significant positive relation with iNOS, but not with eNOS. The MVDs of VEGF or iNOS positive gastric cancers were obviously higher than those of VEGF or iNOS negative gastric cancers. There was no significant difference between the MVDs of eNOS positive gastric cancers and eNOS negative ones. Conclusion MVD increases with increase of expression of VEGF and iNOS in gastric cancer. It is indicated that VEGF and iNOS can promote gastric cancer angiogenesis. VEGF and iNOS have a significant positive correlation, which suggests that in human gastric cancer, iNOS plays an important role in the production and action of VEGF.

Dendritic Cells ; pathology ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of gastric polyps in different histopathological types. Methods Based on histopathological difference, gastric polyps were categorized into fundic gland polyps, hyperplastic polyps, inflammatory polyps, adenomatous polyps, etc; Different types of polyps in the aspects of distribution, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, the relationship between the proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and the occurrence of gastric polyps to provide guidance on treatment Results 365 cases of gastric polyps were diagnosed in 10 197 patients who underwent gastroscopy. The prevalence was 3. 6%. The histopathological type of the polyps were fundic gland polyps (61. 1%), hyperplastic polyps (23. 3%) , inflammatory polyps (12. 3%) , adenomatous polyps (2. 2%). 289 cases showed single polyps, which was the majoriry across all types of gastric polyps. Majority of the gastric polyps were located in gastric body and fundus, followed by gastric antrum and cardia Most of the fundic gland polyps were located in gastric body and fundus; Majority of the hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps were located in gastric antrum; The main locations of inflammatory polyps were cardia and gastric body and fundus. A higher percent (51. 6%) of fundic gland polyps patients used PPI. The difference was statistically significant compared with the hyperplastic polyps(8. 2%)and inflammatory polyps group(8.9%) (x2 = 48. 31,27. 63 ,P <0. 01). The H. pylori infection rate of hyperplastic polyps and inflammatory polyps were 72.4% and 74.4% ,respectively, both of which were higher than that of fundic gland polyps(20. 2%)(x2 =46. 50,35. 04, P < 0. 01) . One year after the H. pylori eradication, the recurrence cases of hyperplastic polyps and inflammatory polyps were 1/41 and 0/19,respectively. Conclusions The main histopathological type of gastric polyps is fundic gland polyps followed by hyperplastic polyps. The main location of the gastric polyps is gastric body and fundus, followed by gastric antrum and cardia. The distribution of different types of gastric polyps has some characteristics. Long-time usage of PPI may increase the risk of fundic gland polyps. The occurrence of hyperplastic polyps and inflammatory polyps may be related to H. pylori infection. The H. pylori eradication helps preventing the recurrence of hyperplastic and inflammatory gastric polyps.

Objective To summarize the clinical and pathological data of gastric polyps under gastroscope,and to investigate the clinical characteristics of gastric polyps in elderly patients.Methods The 692 cases of gastric polyps diagnosed by gastroscopy and pathology were retrospectively analyzed.The elder group was defined as aged 60 years and over.The young group was defined as aged less than 60 years.The data were analyzed by SPSS software.Results The detected ratios of gastric polyps were 3.9% in the elder group and 2.9% in the young group (χ2 =15.792,P<0.01).The rates of gastric polyps found in fundus,gastric body and gastric antrum were 32.0%,41.3% and 19.8% respectively in the elder group.And the corresponding rates in the young group were 37.5%,45.8% and 11.1% respectively (χ2 = 2.277,1.404,10.289,P = 0.131,0.236,0.001).The pathological types of the gastric polyps were in the order of fundic gland (60.0%),hyperplastic (26.2%),inflammatory (11.3%),adenomatous (1.7%) and others (0.8%).The diagnostic rates of hyperplastic polyps in the elder group and the young group were 31.7% and 21.9% respectively;the corresponding rates of adenomatous polyps were 3.0% and 0.8% respectively (χ2 = 8.525,4.834,P=0.004,0.028).Conclusions The detected ratio of gastric polyps is higher in the elder group than in the young group.In both groups,the polyps in the fundus and the body are more prevalent,followed by those in the antrum.The diagnostic rate of polyps in the antrum is significantly higher in the elder group than in the young group.Although the main pathological type of the gastric polyps is fundic gland in both groups,the diagnostic rates of hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps are both higher in the elder group,the risk of cancer is higher as well.Therefore,in the elderly,the gastric polyps are recommended to be cut off as soon as possible and followed up closely.

Cerebral vasospasm is a common serious complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage, and is one of the main reasons of morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, However, its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Recent studies have suggested that apoptosis plays an important role in the mechanism of cerebral vasospasm. Further study of the apoptotic mechanism of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage has important significance for the optimization of therapeutic schemes in clinical conditions.

0.05). Conclusion Both sulfurous acid,magenta and acetylacetone spectrophotometric methods were suitable for the determination of formaldehyde in rongalite in the laboratory of basic units, and acetylacetone spectrophotometric method was better because less environmental factors interfered with the detection results.