Livin,a novel member of human inhibitor of apoptosis protein family,is highly expressed in various malignant tumors. It plays an important role in the initiation,development,treatment and prognosis of tumors.Many studies have proved that down-regulation of Livin expression using RNA interference technique can reduce tumor growth,increase the apoptotic rate,and sensitize tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemo therapy.Full-length Livin is cleaved by the effector caspases to produce a truncated form (tLivin) with apoptosis-promotion activity.tLivin provides a new direction for the treatment of the malignant tumors.

To observe the effect of PCEA on the serum endotheline and the renal function after operation in kidney transplantation patients. Forty patients with chronic renal failure were randomly divided into two groups: group P( n =20) and group N ( n =20) .Venous blood samples were drawn before anesthesia at the end of operation and 24, 48, 72h after operation. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum endothelin,creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid were measured with radioimmunoassay. The results showed that the MAP, serum endothelin, creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid were decreased significantly at 24h after operation.All of them reached the nadir at 72h after operation. But those of group N were significantly higher than group P ( P

OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequivalences of both domestic nevirapine capsules and imported nevirapine tablets.METHODS:24healthy male volunteers were administered orally with single dose of either the domestic nevirapine trial capsules or the imported nevirapine reference tablets by randomized crossover way,the blood concentration of nevirapine was determined by HPLC,and the pharmacokinetics parameters and the relative bioavailability of whom were calculated.RE?SULTS:The C max of the trial preparation and the reference preparation were(2.516?0.446)?g/ml and(2.798?0.394)?g/ml,respectively t max were(7.5?10.7)and(3.6?2.1)h,t 1/2 were(51.4?25.3)h and(46.4?9.8)h;AUC 0～168 were(160.540?38.007)(?g?n)/ml and(167.459?30.629)(?g?n)/ml;AUC 0～∞ were(180.064?51.005)(?g?n)/ml and(183.052?36.828)(?g?n)/ml;The relative bioavailability of the trial preparation was(98.368?22.99)%.CONCLUSION:The results shows that the trial preparation and the reference preparation of nevirapine were bioequivalent.

Objective: To analysis the medical expenses of six diseases and put forward the efficient methods to control their unreasonable rise. Methods: 22582 patients with six diseases in two largest hospitals in Xi'an were chosen and analyzed from 1/1/ 2003 to 10/1/2004. Results: Six diseases were the main reason of hospitalization and the malignancy was most important; drug expense of the uninsured patients, which was the key factor to induce the medical expenses rising, was higher than insured patients. Conclusion: The medical insurance program could control the drug expense efficiently; different control strategies to different diseases were important to distribute the medical resource and lighten the life burdens of the inpatients.

Objective To observe the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens cultured from the sputum of hospitalized patients with lower respiratory infection in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) .Methods To i‐dentify the germiculture and test the drug susceptibility of the sputum or respiratory secretion isolated from the bronchial brush of 262 hospitalized AECOPD patients in People′s Hospital of Jiangxi Province from Janurary 2013 to December 2014 and analyze the results .Results Among all the AECOPD patients ,215 cases with positive sputum culture ,281 sputum pathogens were isolated . Gram‐negative bacilli were found in 190(67 .6% ) .Gram‐positive aureus were detected in 76(27 .1% ) .Fungus pathogens occurred in 15(5 .3% ) .The top six pathogenic bacteria were acinetobacter baumannii ,escherichia coli ,klebsiella pneumonia ,pseudomonas aeruginosa ,staphylococcus aureus ,streptococcus pneumonia .Drug susceptibility results showed that the drug resistance of acineto‐bacter baumannii was the strongest .Except that the drug resistance rate of cefoperazone/sulbactam and levofloxacin were less than 50 .0% ,the others were no less than 75 .0% .The drug resistance rate of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae to ampicillin , ampicillin sulbactam ,cefazolin ,ceftriaxone ,cefotetan ,gentamycin ,ofloxacin ,ciprofloxacin ,and compound sulfamethoxazole trime‐thoprim were no less than 70 .0% .The drug resistance rate of staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G ,oxacillin ,erythromycin ,clinda‐mycin were 100% .The drug resistance rate of streptococcus pneumoniae to erythromycin ,clindamycin ,tetracycline ,sulfamethox‐azole trimethoprim were greater than 75 .0% .Conclusion Gram‐negative bacilli are the main pathogenic bacterium in the AECOPD patients with lower respiratory infection .The key of treatment is to pay more attention to the bacterial culture and drug sensitive test ,use antibiotics reasonably according to the results of drug sensitive experiment .

Every stage of tumor initiation and development closely relates to immune regulation as tumor cells tend to evade attacks from immune system by employing the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction.Therefore,targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has become an attractive approach for cancer immunotherapy.Radiotherapy has long been considered a local tumor treatment modality and it is immune-inhibitory.However,accumulated evidence has shown that radiotherapy might enhance immune function by eliminating the tumor mass and has become a systemic tumor treatment modality.These observations indicate a strong rationale that the radiotherapy and anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy may work synergistically to provide a powerful anti-tumor effect.This review discusses current progresses,challenges and perspectives of this novel combination treatment modality.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of mosapride combined with flupentixol melitracen in the treat-ment of elderly functional heartburn. METHODS:106 elderly patients with functional heartburn in accordance with Rome IIIstan-dard were randomly divided into control group(52 cases)and treatment group(54 cases). The control group was treated with Mo-sapride dispersible tablets 5mg,tid,orally;the treatment group was additionally given Flupentixol melitracen tablets(containing flu-pentixol 0.5 mg and melitracen 10 mg),qd,on the basis of control group. Therapeutic efficacy of 2 groups were observed after 4 weeks. Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depressive scale(HAMD) and symptom score were conducted before and after treatment. RESULTS:The total effective rate of treatment group and control group were 87.0%and 53.8%;with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05);there was statistical significance in symptom score,HAMA score and HAMD score between 2 groups after treatment (P<0.01). No severe ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Mosapride combined with flupentixol melitracen is safe and ef-fective in the treatment of elderly functional heartburn.

Objective To explore the spatial distribution of hypertension in recruited Chinese male youth.Methods Maps of spatial distribution on hypertension detection rates in recruited Chinese male youth were produced,using a spatial local interpolation technique with the ArcGIS8.1 software.Cross-validation techniques were used to evaluate the fitness of the distribution maps.Results The spatial distribution of hypertension detection rates in recruited Chinese male youth in 2001 showed that the detectable rate of the hypertension of the recruited male youth was distributed in sections.The sections with a higher rate included Hebei,Shandong and Beijing,as the center of the northern area,and Guangxi,as the center of the southern area.The detectable rate of diastolic pressure was found higher in the areas of northeast and north China than in other places.The prediction error of the cross-validation indicated that the spatial distribution maps of hypertension detecting rates had good fitness to hypertension detecting rates of recruited Chinese male youth.Conclusion There existed in significant spatial difference in hypertension detecting rates of recruited Chinese male youth.Influence of geographical environment,climate,and economy on adolescents' blood pressure should be further studied.

BACKGROUND:To maintain the long-term effect of ful crown largely depends on the health of periodontal tissues. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of CAD/CAM zirconia al-ceramic crown restoration on the state of periodontal health. METHODS:Sixty-four abutments of 55 patients were randomly divided into two groups:the experimental group included 32 abutments of 29 patients which would be restored by CAD/CAM zirconia al-ceramic crowns;the control ed group included 32 abutments of 26 patients which would be restored by Ni-Cr al oy porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations. The volume of gingival crevicular fluid and the levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αin the two groups were examined at the pre-restoration and post-restoration stages. Meanwhile, periodontal clinical indicators, including sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, plaque index and attachment loss were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No difference in various indexes was found in the experimental group before and after restoration (P>0.05). At 12 months after restoration, in the control group, the volume of gingival crevicular fluid, the levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, and plaque index were al increased (P>0.05);meanwhile, these indexes in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Experimental findings suggest that the CAD/CAM zirconia al-ceramic crown restoration is more favorable to the health of periodontal tissues.