To observe the effect of PCEA on the serum endotheline and the renal function after operation in kidney transplantation patients. Forty patients with chronic renal failure were randomly divided into two groups: group P( n =20) and group N ( n =20) .Venous blood samples were drawn before anesthesia at the end of operation and 24, 48, 72h after operation. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum endothelin,creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid were measured with radioimmunoassay. The results showed that the MAP, serum endothelin, creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid were decreased significantly at 24h after operation.All of them reached the nadir at 72h after operation. But those of group N were significantly higher than group P ( P

Livin,a novel member of human inhibitor of apoptosis protein family,is highly expressed in various malignant tumors. It plays an important role in the initiation,development,treatment and prognosis of tumors.Many studies have proved that down-regulation of Livin expression using RNA interference technique can reduce tumor growth,increase the apoptotic rate,and sensitize tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemo therapy.Full-length Livin is cleaved by the effector caspases to produce a truncated form (tLivin) with apoptosis-promotion activity.tLivin provides a new direction for the treatment of the malignant tumors.

OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequivalences of both domestic nevirapine capsules and imported nevirapine tablets.METHODS:24healthy male volunteers were administered orally with single dose of either the domestic nevirapine trial capsules or the imported nevirapine reference tablets by randomized crossover way,the blood concentration of nevirapine was determined by HPLC,and the pharmacokinetics parameters and the relative bioavailability of whom were calculated.RE?SULTS:The C max of the trial preparation and the reference preparation were(2.516?0.446)?g/ml and(2.798?0.394)?g/ml,respectively t max were(7.5?10.7)and(3.6?2.1)h,t 1/2 were(51.4?25.3)h and(46.4?9.8)h;AUC 0～168 were(160.540?38.007)(?g?n)/ml and(167.459?30.629)(?g?n)/ml;AUC 0～∞ were(180.064?51.005)(?g?n)/ml and(183.052?36.828)(?g?n)/ml;The relative bioavailability of the trial preparation was(98.368?22.99)%.CONCLUSION:The results shows that the trial preparation and the reference preparation of nevirapine were bioequivalent.

Objective: To analysis the medical expenses of six diseases and put forward the efficient methods to control their unreasonable rise. Methods: 22582 patients with six diseases in two largest hospitals in Xi'an were chosen and analyzed from 1/1/ 2003 to 10/1/2004. Results: Six diseases were the main reason of hospitalization and the malignancy was most important; drug expense of the uninsured patients, which was the key factor to induce the medical expenses rising, was higher than insured patients. Conclusion: The medical insurance program could control the drug expense efficiently; different control strategies to different diseases were important to distribute the medical resource and lighten the life burdens of the inpatients.

BACKGROUND:To maintain the long-term effect of ful crown largely depends on the health of periodontal tissues. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of CAD/CAM zirconia al-ceramic crown restoration on the state of periodontal health. METHODS:Sixty-four abutments of 55 patients were randomly divided into two groups:the experimental group included 32 abutments of 29 patients which would be restored by CAD/CAM zirconia al-ceramic crowns;the control ed group included 32 abutments of 26 patients which would be restored by Ni-Cr al oy porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations. The volume of gingival crevicular fluid and the levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αin the two groups were examined at the pre-restoration and post-restoration stages. Meanwhile, periodontal clinical indicators, including sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, plaque index and attachment loss were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No difference in various indexes was found in the experimental group before and after restoration (P>0.05). At 12 months after restoration, in the control group, the volume of gingival crevicular fluid, the levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, sulcus bleeding index, probing depth, and plaque index were al increased (P>0.05);meanwhile, these indexes in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Experimental findings suggest that the CAD/CAM zirconia al-ceramic crown restoration is more favorable to the health of periodontal tissues.

[Objective] To observe the clinical effects of Zhishang Jiaonang on soft tissue injury of chest wall.[Method] A randomized,positive-controlled trial was adopted,120 cases was divide into trial group(n=90) and the control group(n=30).[Result] 60 cases were cured(66.7%),29 better(32.2%),1 had no effect(1.1%) in trial group;14 cases were cured(46.7%),15 better(50.0%),1 had no effect(3.3%) in control group. With marked difference after statistical dealing,P

Objective To establish the specific 16S 23S rRNA gene spacer regions map of different bacteria by PCR, RFLP(restriction fragment length polymorphism ),DNA clone and sequences analysis. Methods A pair of primer was selected from highly conserved sequences adjacent to the 16S 23S rRNA spacer region. The farget rRNA regions from 61 strains of standard bacteria and corresponding clinical isolates representing for 20 genera and 26 species were amplified by PCR,and thereafter analyzed RFLP, DNA clone and sequences analysis.Meanwhile, all the specimens were examined by bacterial culture and PCR RFLP analysis. Results 26 different standard strains presented one band,two bands,three bands and more than three bands respectively, the sensitivity of which reached 2.5 CFU and had no cross reaction to the human genomic DNA,fungus and virus.14 species could be distinguished immediately by PCR, other 10 species must be identified by further Hinf I or Alu I digestion. K.pneumoniae and E.durans differentiate only at the site of 779 th nucleotide according to the sequence analysis, and only one enzyme Xma III could discriminate them.15 specimens from 42 septicemic neonates were blood culture positive and the positive rate was 35.7%. However, 27 specimens were positive by PCR and the positive rate was 64.2%,which was significantly higher than that of the blood culture( P

Objective　To investigate the repairing effect of transplantation of allogeneic fetal bone in combination with a covering cryopreserved periosteal allograft to bone defect. Methods　Twenty Long-eared white male rabbits were chosen as experimental model of bilateral 12 mm combined bony and periosteal radial defect. Cryopreserved allograft periosteum with allogeneic fetal bone were implanted in the left defect as experimental side and fetal bone was simply transplanted in the right defect as control side. Bone repair process in the two groups were compared by macroscopy, microscopy, roentgenograms and the contents of calcium and phosphate in the defect area at 2、4、8 and 12 weeks after transplantation. Results　There was significant statistic difference in the contents of calcium and phosphate between the experimental and control sides at 4、8 and 12 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). With time passing by, the contents of calcium and phosphate have the increasing trends. In the experimental group, lamella bone was seen and medullary canal recanalized at 8 weeks postoperatively. The histological section showed the bone lacuna and lamella bone were formed. Conclusion　It suggests that allogeneic fetal bone in combination with a covering cryopreserved periosteal allograft can promote bone repair, and allogeneic fetal bone is excellent bone substitute.

Every stage of tumor initiation and development closely relates to immune regulation as tumor cells tend to evade attacks from immune system by employing the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction.Therefore,targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has become an attractive approach for cancer immunotherapy.Radiotherapy has long been considered a local tumor treatment modality and it is immune-inhibitory.However,accumulated evidence has shown that radiotherapy might enhance immune function by eliminating the tumor mass and has become a systemic tumor treatment modality.These observations indicate a strong rationale that the radiotherapy and anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy may work synergistically to provide a powerful anti-tumor effect.This review discusses current progresses,challenges and perspectives of this novel combination treatment modality.